BIOMASS & BIOENERGY
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2026
·
IF 7
Ge-liang Xie,Yu Luo,Kai-cheng Xia,Sheng-ren Li,Lujiang Xu,Zhen Fang
Aromatic amines, particularly aniline derivatives, serve as pivotal intermediates in the manufacture of dyes, pharmaceuticals, and polymers. However, their conventional synthesis remains heavily reliant on fossil feedstocks and frequently employs toxic reagents. The valorization of lignin presents a promising, renewable pathway to these valuable compounds, yet the reactivity of lignin-derived phenols varies markedly depending on their functional group substituents. Herein, a pronounced "promotion-inhibition dichotomy" is reported. Alkyl substituents substantially enhance reactivity-achieving a 44.3 mol% yield of aromatic amines from 4-propylphenol, representing a 34.7% increase over phenol. Conversely, methoxy groups exert a strong inhibitory effect in limiting the yield of aromatic amines from 4-propylguaiacol to only 11.0 mol%. Furthermore, Mo-Ga/HZSM-5 catalyst employed under NH 3 -H 2 atmosphere effectively doubled the yield of aromatic amines to 25.9 mol%. A sequential hydrodeoxygenation-amination strategy is further devised, boosting the yield to 34.1 mol%. Notably, by integrating this two-step strategy with a lignin-first biorefining approach, a 16.6 mol% of aromatic amines (based on lignin) could be achieved from birch. This study elucidates key reactivity principles in lignin valorization and demonstrates an integrated strategy that advances the sustainable production of aromatic amines from renewable biomass.
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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
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2026
·
IF 3.9
Yang-Yang Xu,Xing Fan,Hai-Xu Zou,Yu Wang,Shan-Zhao Feng,Xiao-Yan He,Xiang Bai,Yierxiati Dilixiati,Guligena Pidamaimaiti,Xian-Yong Wei
Efficient resource utilization of coal gasification coarse slag (CGCS) is critical for ecological sustainability and industrial economics. A low-cost, high-performance catalyst loaded with cerium-manganese oxide (CeO2–MnO2/CGCS) was prepared via an impregnation-hydrothermal synthesis. The catalytic ozonation activity of CeO2–MnO2/CGCS was evaluated based on the removal rate of chemical oxygen demand (COD) for both simulated and actual coal chemical wastewater. For simulated wastewater, the COD removal rates of phenol-, naphthalene-, and benzofuran-containing wastewater were 81.2%, 58.9% and 56.6%, respectively, with the existence of CeO2–MnO2/CGCS, and the COD removal rate of mixed simulated wastewater containing the above compounds reached 66.3%. When CeO2–MnO2/CGCS was applied to actual coal chemical wastewater, the COD decreased from 200 to 36.5 mg/L with a removal rate of 81.7%. In comparison, the COD removal rate using a commercial catalyst was 72.9%, indicating the potential industrial application of CeO2–MnO2/CGCS. Furthermore, it was demonstrated that hydroxyl radicals (·OH) are the key reactive substances in the degradation of organics by adding a free radical scavenger (5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide) into the catalytic ozonation degradation of phenol-containing wastewater. Meanwhile, the mechanism of catalytic ozonation degradation of organics in coal chemical wastewater using CeO2–MnO2/CGCS as the catalyst is also proposed.
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Molecular Catalysis
·
2022
·
IF 5.089
Pengxin Yu,Guangyu Sun,Lu Xiong,Boying Zheng,Teng Li,Jun Jiang,Yantao Wang,Weiran Yang
Salicylic acid, generally produced by chemical synthesis based on petrochemical products, is a vital organic acid and widely used in the pharmaceutical synthesis. This work developed a new and green route for the production of salicylic acid from biomass-derived 2-furoic acid in two steps. Firstly, 2 mmol 2-furoic acid was creatively converted to 2,3-benzofuran using HZSM-5 (Si/Al=130) at 280 °C for 1.5 h under 100 psi N 2 ; and then the oxidation of 2,3-benzofuran to salicylate was conducted with tert‑ butyl hydroperoxide under basic condition without metal catalyst at 120 °C for 1 h. The stability of the catalyst for the first step and the possible reaction pathway for the second step based on the control experiments was properly envisioned. Regardless of limited salicylic acid yield (16%) from 2-furoic acid, this work paves a potentially feasible pathway for the preparation of drugs from biomass.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2021
·
IF 13.273
Xing Zhang,Jingfeng Wu,Tian Li,Chengzhi Zhang,Lingjun Zhu,Shurong Wang
Hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) of lignin-derived bio-oil offers a promising route for the production of advanced biofuels. However, the conventional HDO of lignin-derived bio-oil faces serious problems, such as low hydrocarbon yield and easy deactivation of catalysts. Herein, a novel reaction system consisting of a highly stable bifunctional catalyst (i.e., Ni−WO x /NiAl 2 O 4 ) and a dodecane solvent was developed for the HDO of lignin-derived phenolics. The Ni 0 species, derived from NiWO 4 precursors on the NiAl 2 O 4 , were of small crystallite size and high dispersion, together with the strong oxophilicity of W, thereby exhibiting high activity. The use of a highly stable NiAl 2 O 4 spinel support and the replacement of common solid acid with more stable WO x for the cleavage of C O bond accounted for excellent stability. The optimized 10Ni−15WO x /NiAl 2 O 4 exhibited a high guaiacol conversion of 97.8% with a high cycloalkane yield of 83.8% under the optimum conditions (250 °C, 5 MPa H 2 , and 4 h). Cycloalkanes with a high yield over 90% were also obtained by the HDO of other complex lignin-derived compounds. More importantly, the catalyst always retained its initial activity for the HDO of guaiacol in five runs, with negligible coke formation. Subsequently, the HDO behavior of the bio-oil obtained from walnut shell pyrolysis was also studied. The relative content of cycloalkanes in the products reached 44.3% after the reaction. This study highlights the prospect of a highly stable catalyst consisting of hydrogenation metal and oxophilic promoter, and dodecane solvent to enable efficient production of cycloalkanes from the HDO of lignin-derived phenolics.
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Molecular Catalysis
·
2021
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IF 5.062
Teng Li,Guangyu Sun,Lu Xiong,Boying Zheng,Yaqi Duan,Rui Yu,Jun Jiang,Yantao Wang,Weiran Yang
As a useful chemical, furan can be produced from bio-based chemicals, such as furfural and furoic acid (FA). There were few reports on the preparation of furan from bio-based C6 aldaric acids . Herein, a new method was developed to produce furan from D-glucaric acid (GA) without transition metals, and nearly 80% yield of furan was produced in the water/toluene biphasic system with SnCl 4 at 200 °C in 2 h. 3-Hydroxy-2-pyrone (3-HP) and FA were proved to be the key intermediates in the formation of furan from GA, and the reaction pathway was proposed to be GA→ 3-HP→ FA→ furan based on the kinetic study , model substrate reaction, and isotope labeling experiments. SnCl 4 gave the highest furan yield among the common acid catalysts, and the contrast experiments suggested that H + , Cl − and Sn 4+ all have promoting effect on GA conversion to furan. This method was also applicable with other C6 aldaric acids.
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CATALYSIS LETTERS
·
2020
·Vol. 151
·期 6
·1670-1682
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IF 2.482
Zhu Tianhan,Song Hua,Li Feng,Chen Yanguang
A series of bimetallic Ni x Cu (10- x ) /SiO 2 (where x is the mass fraction of Ni and the total metal loading was fixed at 10 wt%.) catalysts with different Ni/Cu mass ratio are prepared and characterized by X-Ray diffraction (XRD), N 2 adsorption-desorption, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), H 2 temperature-programmed reduction (H 2 -TPR) and transmission electron microscope (TEM). The benzofuran (BF) hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) performance of as-prepared catalysts are evaluated in a fixed flow reactor. The results showed that the incorporation of Cu to Ni/SiO 2 catalyst can increase surface area of catalyst and improve the reducibility of nickel oxide species, which contributed to higher catalytic activity and total deoxygenated compounds yield. Moreover, the strong synergistic effect between Ni and Cu led to the formation of NiCu alloy at the Ni mass fraction of 5 wt% and thus induced smaller crystallite size and exposure of more active particles, which inevitably contributed to the improved HDO performance for Ni 5 Cu 5 /SiO 2 catalyst. At 300 °C, 3.0 MPa, MHSV=3.0 h −1 and H 2 /oil = 500(v/v), the total yield of deoxygenated products over Ni 5 Cu 5 /SiO 2 catalyst reached 86.0%, which is increased by 10.8% and 77.4% as compared to those of monometallic Ni/SiO 2 (75.2%) and Cu/SiO 2 catalysts (8.8%), respectively. Finally, a possible reaction network for HDO of BF on Ni 5 Cu 5 /SiO 2 catalyst was proposed. Graphic Abstract
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FUEL
·
2019
·
IF 5.128
Wenjing Song,Weikun Lai,Yixin Lian,Xingmao Jiang,Weimin Yang
Catalytic transformation of lignin is a sustainable way to provide aromatics, which depends on the structure and property of catalytic sites. A bifunctional sulfated ZrO 2 supported CoMo sulfide catalyst has been synthesized by in situ exsolution approach. The exsolved CoMo-sZr(exs) catalyst significantly enhanced the initial C–O bond cleavage rate (0.058 mol·g −1 ·h −1 ) compared to the impregnated and physically mixed sulfated ZrO 2 supported CoMo sulfide catalysts. Notably, the reusability tests also showed that the as-prepared catalyst presented total ethers conversion of 94% with aromatics yield of 86% after four consecutive cycles. This was related to the appropriate sulfide-support interaction, acid sites and highly-dispersed CoMo sulfide, in conformity with the catalyst characterization. Thereby it could facilitate reactant adsorption and effectively break down the C–O bonds in lignin derived fragments to form aromatics. This work points out a new avenue for the design of effective bifunctional catalysts for lignin depolymerization.
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JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 6.1
Xinjing Li,Yishun Yao,Xue Xia,Foxin Zhang,Jingyang Yu,Heping Cui,Yunwei Niu,Khizar Hayat,Xiaoming Zhang,Chi-Tang Ho
Until now, no effective method has been found to monitor the Maillard reaction process for complex protein hydrolysates. Dynamic changes in the concentration of α-dicarbonyl compounds, fluorescence intensity, and browning degree were investigated during the Maillard reaction of corn protein hydrolysates. When the fluorescence intensity reached the peak, deoxyosones would continue to be increased by ARP’s degradation. However, the reaction node with the highest fluorescence intensity coincided with the turning point of the browning reaction, and the subsequent browning rate remarkably increased. Therefore, the change in fluorescence intensity could be used to monitor the degradation of ARP and the formation of browning melanoidin at different stages of the Maillard reaction of complex systems, thus effectively indicating the process of the Maillard reaction. When Maillard reaction intermediates (MRIs) with maximum fluorescent compounds were heated, the most abundant pyrazines were subsequently achieved. However, furan compounds would be progressively increased during the thermal process of MRIs with continuously enhanced browning.
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RENEWABLE ENERGY
·
2023
·
IF 8.7
Shanshuai Chen,Puxiang Yan,Xiaona Yu,Wanbin Zhu,Hongliang Wang
The development of a highly active and robust catalyst for the conversion of lignin, the largest volume of renewable aromatic resource in nature, to value-added aromatics is of great importance in sustainable chemistry. However, the condensation of lignin depolymerization intermediates into recalcitrant macromolecules restricts high yields of desired products, and this remains a great challenge in lignin valorization. Here, a serious of bifunctional Ru–ZnO/SBA-15 catalysts were synthesized for lignin conversion to aromatics. Roles of Ru and ZnO in these catalysts for lignin conversion were in-depth analyzed. The effect of the ratio of Ru to ZnO was studied. Other reaction conditions including temperature and time were systematically optimized. More than 51.3% yields of aromatics were obtained over Ru–10ZnO/SBA-15 at 240 °C for 4 h. Structure-activity relationship research of the catalyst revealed that the high yield of product could be attributed to the following three reasons: 1) the Lewis acidic sites on Ru/SBA-15 are significantly improved after ZnO modification, and thus promotes the C–O bond cleavage ; 2) the oxophilic ZnO is beneficial to absorb the substrate and reaction intermediates, and therefore enhances the hydrodeoxygenation activity of the adjacent Ru; 3). The interaction between Zn and Ru in Ru–ZnO/SBA-15 changes Ru electronic properties and leads to the formation of highly active catalytic sites with high electron density. These results indicated that the bifunctional Ru–ZnO/SBA-15 catalyst with high catalytic activity could be a good choice for lignin conversion to high-yield aromatics.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2019
·
IF 4.175
Bolong Jiang,Tianhan Zhu,Hua Song,Feng Li
The Fe-doped Ni 2 P/Fe-SBA-15 was prepared by the temperature programmed reduction method at a relative low temperature of 673 K. The effect of Fe on the catalytic performance for benzofuran (BF) hydrodeoxygenation (HDO) and dibenzothiophene (DBT) hydrodesulfurization (HDS) were investigated. The catalysts were characterized by means of X-ray diffraction (XRD), N 2 adsorption-desorption, inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), temperature-programmed desorption of ammonia (NH 3 -TPD), and transmission electron microscope (TEM) and CO uptakes. The results indicate the incorporation of Fe into SBA-15 contributes to the exposure of smaller Ni 2 P particles (5.6 nm) with an uniform dispersion, along with enhancement of weak and medium acid strengths . Compared with Ni 2 P/SBA-15, the Fe-doped Ni 2 P/Fe-SBA-15 exhibited a much higher BF conversion of 91.7% with an improved total deoxygenated product yield of 83.3%. The excellent HDO performance of Ni 2 P/Fe-SBA-15 can be ascribed to the exposure of highly-dispersed smaller Ni 2 P particles. Meanwhile, the improved dehydration of 2-EtPh to EB and the high deoxygenated product selectivity can be attributed to the enhanced acidity. As compared to the Ni 2 P/SBA-15, the Fe-doped Ni 2 P/Fe-SBA-15 showed a higher DBT HDS activity of 96.3% with the BP formation at a great proportion of 90.3%, indicating that DBT was mainly transformed through the desulfurization pathway during HDS.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2013
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IF 3.334
Yunzi Feng,Yu Cai,Guowan Su,Haifeng Zhao,Chenxia Wang,Mouming Zhao
Two types of Chinese soy sauce , high-salt liquid-state fermentation soy sauce (HLFSS) and low-salt solid-state fermentation soy sauce (LSFSS), were used to investigate their differences in aroma profile by headspace solid-phase microextraction (HS-SPME) and gas chromatography-olfactometry/mass spectrometry (GC-O/MS). Results from descriptive sensory analysis showed that the alcoholic, cooked potato-like and caramel-like attributes were significantly higher in HLFSS, while LSFSS exhibited significantly higher sour and burnt attributes. In addition, aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA) revealed 37 and 33 odour-active regions for HLFSS and LSFSS, respectively. Ethanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, phenylacetaldehyde , 4-ethyl-2-methoxyphenol, 2-methoxy-4-vinylphenol and 3-(methylthio)propanal detected in HLFSS showed the highest flavour dilution (FD) factors, while 3-methylbutanal, phenylacetaldehyde and ethyl propanoate possessed the highest FD factors in LSFSS. Therefore, the traditional Chinese soy sauce HLFSS contained more complex volatiles and exhibited a richer aromatic profile compared with LSFSS.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2014
·
IF 3.259
Yunzi Feng,Guowan Su,Haifeng Zhao,Yu Cai,Chun Cui,Dongxiao Sun-Waterhouse,Mouming Zhao
Twenty-seven commercial soy sauces produced through three different fermentation processes (high-salt liquid-state fermentation soy sauce, HLFSS; low-salt solid-state fermentation soy sauce, LSFSS; Koikuchi soy sauce, KSS) were examined to identify the aroma compounds and the effect of fermentation process on the flavour of the soy sauce was investigated. Results showed that 129 volatiles were identified, of which 41 aroma-active components were quantified. The types of odorants occurring in the three soy sauce groups were similar, although their intensities significantly differed. Many esters and phenols were found at relatively high intensities in KSS, whereas some volatile acids only occurred in LSFSS. Furthermore, 23 aroma compounds had average OAVs > 1, among which 3-methylbutanal, ethyl acetate, 4-hydroxy-2-ethyl-5-methyl-3(2 H )-furanone, 2-methylbutanal and 3-(methylthio)propanal exhibited the highest average OAVs (>100). In addition, omission tests verified the important contribution of the products resulting from amino acid catabolism to the characteristic aroma of soy sauce.
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