NEW PHYTOLOGIST
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2019
·Vol. 226
·期 2
·362-372
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IF 7.299
Mingyue Zhao,Na Zhang,Ting Gao,Jieyang Jin,Tingting Jing,Jingming Wang,Yi Wu,Xiaochun Wan,Wilfried Schwab,Chuankui Song
Summary Plants produce and emit terpenes, including sesquiterpenes, during growth and development, which serve different functions in plants. The sesquiterpene nerolidol has health-promoting properties and adds a floral scent to plants. However, the glycosylation mechanism of nerolidol and its biological roles in plants remained unknown. Sesquiterpene UDP-glucosyltransferases were selected by using metabolites-genes correlation analysis, and its roles in response to cold stress were studied. We discovered the first plant UGT (UGT91Q2) in tea plant, whose expression is strongly induced by cold stress and which specifically catalyzes the glucosylation of nerolidol. The accumulation of nerolidol glucoside was consistent with the expression level of UGT91Q2 in response to cold stress, as well as in different tea cultivars. The reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging capacity of nerolidol glucoside was significantly higher than that of free nerolidol. Down-regulation of UGT91Q2 resulted in reduced accumulation of nerolidol glucoside, ROS scavenging capacity and tea plant cold tolerance. Tea plants absorbed airborne nerolidol and converted it to its glucoside, subsequently enhancing tea plant cold stress tolerance. Nerolidol plays a role in response to cold stress as well as in triggering plant–plant communication in response to cold stress. Our findings reveal previously unidentified roles of volatiles in response to abiotic stress in plants.
研究领域:
植物学
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分子生物学
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环境科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
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2020
·Vol. 44
·期 4
·1165-1177
·
IF 6.362
Meng Ye,Miaomiao Liu,Matthias Erb,Gaétan Glauser,Jin Zhang,Xiwang Li,Xiaoling Sun
Upon herbivore attack, plants emit herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs). HIPVs can prime defences and resistance of intact plants. However, how HIPVs are decoded and translated into functional defence responses is not well understood, especially in long-lived woody plants. Here, we investigated the impact of the aromatic HIPV indole on defence-related early signalling, phytohormone accumulation, secondary metabolite biosynthesis and herbivore resistance in tea plants. We find that tea plants infested with tea geometrid caterpillars release indole at concentrations >450 ng*hr −1 . Exposure to corresponding doses of synthetic indole primes the expression of early defence genes involved in calcium (Ca 2+ ) signalling, MPK signalling and jasmonate biosynthesis. Indole exposure also primes the production of jasmonates and defence-related secondary metabolites. These changes are associated with higher herbivore resistance of indole-exposed tea plants. Chemical inhibition of Ca 2+ and jasmonate signalling provides evidence that both are required for indole-mediated defence priming and herbivore resistance. Our systematic assessment of the impact of indole on defence signalling and deployment shows that indole acts by boosting Ca 2+ signalling, resulting in enhanced jasmonate-dependent defence and resistance in a woody plant. Our work extends the molecular basis of HIPV-induced defence priming from annual plants to an economically important tree species.
研究领域:
植物学
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生态学
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分子生物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2021
·
IF 5.279
Yinyin Liao,Haibo Tan,Guotai Jian,Xiaochen Zhou,Luqiong Huo,Yongxia Jia,Lanting Zeng,Ziyin Yang
Tea (Camellia sinensis) is the most popular nonalcoholic beverage worldwide. During cultivation, tea plants are susceptible to herbivores and pathogens, which can seriously affect tea yield and quality. A previous report showed that (Z)-3-hexenol is a potentially efficient defensive substance. However, the molecular mechanism mediating (Z)-3-hexenol signaling in tea plants and the resulting effects on plant defenses remain uncharacterized. To clarify the signaling mechanisms in which (Z)-3-hexenol and light are involved, the gene transcription and metabolite levels were assessed, respectively. This study demonstrated that tea plants rapidly and continuously release (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol in response to an insect infestation. (Z)-3-Hexen-1-ol absorbed by adjacent healthy plants would be converted into three insect defensive compounds: (Z)-3-hexenyl-glucoside, (Z)-3-hexenyl-primeveroside, and (Z)-3-hexenyl-vicianoside identified with laboratory-synthesized standards. Moreover, (Z)-3-hexen-1-ol also activates the synthesis of jasmonic acid to enhance the insect resistance of tea plants. Additionally, a continuous light treatment induces the accumulation of (Z)-3-hexenyl-glycosides. Hence, (Z)-3-hexenol serves as a light-regulated signaling molecule that activates the systemic defenses of adjacent plants. Our study reveals the molecular mechanisms by which biotic and abiotic factors synergistically regulate the signaling functions of herbivore-induced plant volatiles in plants, providing valuable information for future comprehensive analyses of the systemic defense mechanisms in plants.
研究领域:
植物学
·
分子生物学
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生态学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
·
2020
·
IF 3.72
Guanhua Liu,Mei Yang,Jianyu Fu
Terpenes and their derivatives are vital components of tea aroma. Their constitution and quantity are highly important criteria for the sensory evaluation of teas. Biologically, terpenes are involved in chemical resistance of tea plant against biotic and/or abiotic stresses . The goal of this study is to identify volatile terpenes of tea plants implicated in defense against herbivores and to identify terpene synthase ( TPS ) genes for their biosynthesis . Upon herbivory by tea geometrid ( Ectropis obliqua Prout), tea plants were found to emit two sesquiterpenes, ( E , E )-α-farnesene and ( E )-nerolidol, which were undetectable in intact tea plants. The induced emission of ( E , E )-α-farnesene and ( E )-nerolidol suggests that they function in either direct or indirect defense of tea plants against the tea geometrid. Candidate TPS genes were identified from the transcriptomes of tea plants infested by tea geometrids. Two dedicated sesquiterpene synthases, Cs AFR and Cs NES2, were identified. Cs AFR belongs to the TPS-b clade and can catalyze the formation of ( E , E )-α-farnesene from ( E , E )-FPP. Cs NES2 belongs to the TPS-g clade and can synthesize ( E )-nerolidol using ( E , E )-FPP. The two genes were also both dramatically upregulated by herbivore damage. In summary, we showed that two novel sesquiterpene synthase genes CsAFR and CsNSE2 are inducible by herbivory and responsible for the elevated emission of herbivore-induced ( E , E )-α-farnesene and ( E )-nerolidol, which are implicated in tea plant defense against herbivores.
研究领域:
植物科学
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分子生物学
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农学
·
昆虫学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY
·
2021
·
IF 4.27
Xuqiu He,Ronghao Huang,Lipeng Liu,Yingying Li,Wenzhao Wang,Qingshan Xu,Youben Yu,Tianshan Zhou
Anthocyanins are a group of natural water-soluble pigments in plants that contribute to the pink-purple color of a range of tissues. Because anthocyanins have various biological activities in human health, there is great research interest in the development of anthocyanin-rich foods and beverages, including purple shoot tea. Anthocyanidin 3- O -galactosides have been identified as one of the main anthocyanin components in purple shoot tea, but the enzyme responsible for their biosynthesis remains unclear. UDP-galactose anthocyanidin 3- O -galactosyltransferase (UA3GalT) is presumed to catalyze the galactosylation of anthocyanidin. Therefore, we assayed the UA3GalT activity in five tea samples with varying degrees of purple color and found that its activity was strongly positively correlated (r = 0.929, p < 0.05) with anthocyanin content. Phylogenetic analysis and sequence alignment suggested that CsUGT78A15 encoded a UA3GalT enzyme. Enzymatic assays indicated that r Cs UGT78A15 could catalyze the synthesis of cyanidin 3- O -galactoside and delphinidin 3- O -galactoside using UDP-galactose as a sugar donor, and it showed higher catalytic efficiency towards delphinidin than cyanidin. These results indicate that Cs UGT78A15 acts as a UA3GalT in vitro . Subcellular localization showed that Cs UGT78A15 was located in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and nucleus, consistent with the location of anthocyanin synthesis. Transient overexpression of CsUGT78A15 in the fruit of mature ‘Granny Smith’ apples showed that the upregulation of CsUGT78A15 promoted cyanidin 3- O -galactoside accumulation in apple skins. These results suggested that Cs UGT78A15 could catalyze galactosylation of anthocyanidins in planta . Our findings provide insight into the biosynthesis of anthocyanins in tea plants .
研究领域:
植物学
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植物生物化学
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分子生物学
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遗传学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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