FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2020
·
IF 6.306
MengTing Zhu,Ting Shi,ZiYan Guo,HongXia Liao,Yi Chen
The oxidation of cold-pressed and commercial refined camellia oil stored at room temperature for one year was comparatively studied by 1 H and 31 P NMR spectroscopy. The oxidation of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) under the same conditions was further compared. The 1 H NMR showed that no aldehydes were formed in the studied period. Coupled with the changes of unsaturated acyl groups, the oxidation degrees of the three oils could be obtained follow the order: commercial refined camellia oil > cold-pressed camellia oil > EVOO. The 31 P NMR showed that the evolution of diacylglycerols (DGs) and ratio D in commercial refined camellia oil was fairly different from other two oils. Besides, the kinetics curves of unsaturated acyl groups and ratio D both fit to an exponential equation with high coefficients which indicated that the oxidation of the studied oils progressed in an exponential way with storage time at room temperature.
研究领域:
食品科学
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分析化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 8.8
Xiao Jia,Qi Zhou,Dou Huang,Nawei Zhang,Shasha Qu,Qi An,Qingshan Wang,Jingnan Ren,Hongyan Zhang,Siyi Pan,Gang Fan
Currently, the difference between key odorants of camellia oils from different processing technology (i.e., extra virgin camellia oil (EVCO), virgin camellia oil (VCO), fragrant camellia oil (FCO)) is unclear. In this study, a total of 91 odorants were identified by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography and quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC × GC-qMS). The headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (HS-GC-IMS) provided fingerprint information for 57 odorants distinguished between EVCO, VCO, and FCO. Moreover, 76 odorants were shown flavor dilution (FD) factors range from 1 to 729, and fruity esters (ethyl 2-hydroxypropanoate, ethyl decanoate, and ethyl phenylacetate) with FD factors ≥ 27 and odor activity values ≥ 1 are the unique odorants in EVCO. ( E , E )-2,4-Heptadienal, ( E , E )-2,4-nonadienal, and d -limonene are the aroma-active compounds in VCO. While furfural and 3-ethyl-2,5-dimethylpyrazine with FD factors ≥ 243 are the major contributors to roasted and nutty odor in FCO. This work provides aroma markers for quality assessment of camellia oils.
研究领域:
食品科学
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分析化学
·
农学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2016
·
IF 3.299
H. Xiao,Z. Yao,Q. Peng,F. Ni,Y. Sun,C.X. Zhang,Z.X. Zhong
Separation of squalene, a type of terpenoid hydrocarbons with important biological properties, from camellia oil by silver ion complexation was studied. We showed that the UV–visible absorption wavelength of squalene in AgNO 3 -methanol solution was obviously red-shifted, and the infra-red vibration wavelength of C C bond slightly decreased, indicating that complexation between squalene and Ag + took place. The distributions of squalene in AgNO 3 methanol solution/petroleum ether under different conditions were further investigated. We found that the fraction of squalene in AgNO 3 -methanol phase was enhanced with increased percentage of methanol and AgNO 3 concentration and decreased extraction temperature. The distribution coefficient of squalene was up to 7.87 under optimum extraction conditions with 70% methanol (v/v), 0.6 mol/L AgNO 3 , reaction time of 12 h, and at the temperature of 0 °C. Furthermore, under the optimum conditions, extraction of squalene from the unsaponifiable portion of camellia oil exhibited high selectivity with a raffinate rate and a back-extraction rate of 73.9% and 72.5%, respectively. The purity of extracted squalene was 37.8%, 108 times more concentrated than that in the starting material.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
分离技术
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DOI
高影响因子
Food Quality and Safety
·
2023
·
IF 5.6
Li Yang,Wu Minyu,Zhai Liang,Zhang Hui,Shen Lirong
Camellia oil and olive oil with superior economic value are easily adulterated with other, cheaper oils. It is difficult to identify both oils by traditional methods because of their similar fatty acid profiles. In the present study, a novel method for qualitative and quantitative analysis of β-sitosterol using GC/MS and GC/FID was developed to identify camellia oil and olive oil. The method validation of β-sitosterol analysis showed good linearity and satisfactory values for recovery, accuracy, precision, and repeatability. The linear regression coefficient (R2) of the calibration curve was 0.9985. An acceptable limit of detection (0.36 mg/100 g) and limit of quantification (1.20 mg/100 g) were achieved. The spiked recoveries were 95.0% to 100.3%. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of within-day precision was less than 3.26%, and the RSD of retention times and peak areas for repeatability were within 0.03% and 1.08%, respectively. The contents of β-sitosterol in virgin camellia oil and virgin olive oil were in the range of 14.1–30.2 mg/100 g and 94.3–173.2 mg/100 g, respectively, indicating that the β-sitosterol content in the former is seven times that in the latter, and β-sitosterol could be a potential marker for the authentication and adulteration detection of both oils.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
分析化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 9.8
Linlin Liu,Chengyu Jin,Yuanchao Lu,Ningxiang Yu,Xiaohua Nie,Qin Ye,Yuanxiang Jin,Xianghe Meng
In this study, a novel aqueous enzymatic extraction (AEE) was developed to prepare camellia oil enriched with polyphenols, and the potential mechanism of in situ phenolics enrichment was explored. Camellia seeds were first subjected to AEE in a 25 % isopropanol solution containing 0.15 M glucose for 4 h, followed by the introduction of α -glycosidase β -glycosidase, or pectinase, and further hydrolysis was performed for 1 to 4 h. A higher free oil yield (FOR, 86.98 %) was obtained. Meanwhile, the highest total phenolic content (TPC) in oil (95.72 ± 1.53 mg GAE/Kg oil) was detected in the 4-h β -glycosidase-treated group, approximately 4-fold that of the control group (20.00 ± 1.02 mg GAE/Kg oil). HPLC analysis of the hydrolysate revealed that typical glycosylated polyphenols declined in the aqueous phase, while the content of less polar polyphenols, such as kaempferol-3-O-sambubioside, rutin, and quercetin, in the oil phase increased. These findings suggest that hydrophilic KGRG and KXR were hydrolyzed into relatively hydrophobic deglycosylated phenolics, which migrated into the oil phase, accounting for the enrichment of phenolics in camellia oil by the novel AEE. Furthermore, the stability of phenolics-abundant camellia oil was evaluated with respect to physicochemical properties, phenolics content, and lipid accompaniments content under various conditions. Results showed that the phenolics and lipid accompaniments remained relatively stable under a nitrogen atmosphere and at 4 °C refrigeration. Hence, the in-situ phenolics enrichment technique developed has the potential to prepare functional camellia oil with high biological activity and stability on a large scale.
研究领域:
食品科学
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生物化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Foods
·
2024
·Vol. 13
·期 2
·261
·
IF 4.7
Shanshan Liu,Mingyue Shen,Jianhua Xie,Bohan Liu,Chang Li
2-Monochloropropane-1, 3-diol (2-MCPD) esters and 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol (3-MCPD) esters, a class of substances potentially harmful to human health, are usually formed during the refining of vegetable oils under high temperature. The effects of endogenous antioxidants in vegetable oils on the formation of 2- and 3-MCPD esters is still unknown. In this study, the effects of endogenous antioxidants (α-tocopherol, stigmasterol and squalene) on the formation of 2- and 3-MCPD esters in model thermal processing of camellia oil were investigated. The possible formation mechanism of 2- and 3-MCPD esters was also studied through the monitoring of acyloxonium ions, the intermediate ions of 2- and 3-MCPD esters formation, and free radicals by employing infrared spectra and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), respectively. The results indicated that the addition of α-tocopherol had either promoting or inhibiting effects on the formation of 2- and 3-MCPD esters, depending on the amount added. Stigmasterol inhibited the formation of 3-MCPD ester and 2-MCPD ester at low concentrations, while promoting their formation at high concentrations. Squalene exhibited a promotional effect on the formation of 3-MCPD ester and 2-MCPD ester, with an increased promotion effect as the amount of squalene added increased. The EPR results suggested that CCl3•, Lipid alkoxyl, N3• and SO3• formed during the processing of camellia oil, which may further mediate the formation of chlorpropanol esters. This study also inferred that squalene promotes the participation of the free radical in chlorpropanol ester formation.Keywords:MCPD esters;endogenous antioxidants;camellia oil;mechanism
研究领域:
食品科学
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生物化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Separations
·
2021
·Vol. 8
·期 9
·144
·
IF 2.777
Li Liu,Shiling Feng,Tao Chen,Lijun Zhou,Ming Yuan,Jinqiu Liao,Yan Huang,Hongyu Yang,Ruiwu Yang,Chunbang Ding
Camellia oleiferaoil has attracted increasing attention due to its well-balanced composition. In this study, we evaluated the oil content and chemical composition ofC. oleiferaoil cultivated in southwest China. The results showed that the acid and peroxide values were in line with the optimal quality index of the national standard of China. Oleic acid was the most predominant and important fatty acid, which accounted for 80.34–86.18%. The α-tocopherol, polyphenols and squalene ranged from 112.36 to 410.46 mg/kg oil, 14.22 to 53.63 mg/kg oil and 14.80 to 52.49 mg/kg oil, respectively. Principal component analysis (PCA) results showed that the synthesis score of introduced cultivars (‘Changlin 3’, ‘Changlin 4’ and ‘Changlin 18’) was higher that the local cultivars (‘Chuanya 21’ and ‘Chuanlin 2’). This research demonstrated that the introducedC. oleiferacould adapt to the environment and climate of southwest China and large-scale plant of these introduced cultivars. In addition, theC. oleiferaoil rich in unsaturated fatty acid has enormous potential to become a kind of functional oil and possesses great prospects for pharmaceutical and industrial applications.Keywords:C. oleiferaoil;introduced cultivars;chemical composition;principal component analysis
研究领域:
植物学
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食品科学
·
农业科学
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DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Yuanhong Cai,Peipei Xu,Runbing Huang,Jiayi Huang,Junhua Zhan,Junpeng Su,Ruiyun You,Yudong Lu
This study presents the development of a novel polysaccharide biomolecule composite microsphere system based on sodium alginate (SA) and tremella fuciformis polysaccharide (TFP) for the encapsulation and controlled release of camellia oil (CO). The system leverages the synergistic properties of these two bioactive biopolymers to enhance the protection and bioavailability of CO during simulated digestion. The microspheres, characterized by their spherical structure and uniform particle size distribution, were comprehensively evaluated for stability, elemental composition, and thermal stability using techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The results confirmed a significant improvement in the elemental composition and surface properties of the microspheres due to the incorporation of CO, which enhanced their stability. In simulated digestion experiments, the microspheres demonstrated excellent gastric acid tolerance and intestinal release, achieving a high encapsulation efficiency of 99.59 % and an oil loading capacity of 80.67 %, effectively protecting and targeting the release of CO. Moreover, the microspheres exhibited significant antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ) and Escherichia coli ( E. coli ). Overall, the SA/TFP/CO microspheres represent an ideal delivery system for CO, demonstrating considerable potential in the fields of food science and biomedicine.
研究领域:
食品科学
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生物医学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 9.8
Yonglin Li,Shengmin Zhou,Jie Qiang,Yongsheng Cao,Guoyi Qu,Yuan Gao,Qi Li,Xiuzhu Yu
Butyrospermol, a minor yet important compound in camellia oil, has anti-inflammatory effects. However, its absorption, elimination, and the influence of oil on its bioavailability remain unclear. This study investigated the logP, stability in simulated digestive fluids and liver tissue, absorption parameters of different forms of butyrospermol, and binding of butyrospermol to the Niemann–Pick C1-like 1-N-terminal domain (NPC1L1-NTD). Results indicated that butyrospermol remained stable in the simulated gastric and intestinal fluids but underwent degradation in rat liver tissue. The bioavailability of the butyrospermol suspension was low owing to its poor water solubility. Unexpectedly, the bioavailability of butyrospermol in oil was also low. This was due to incomplete emulsification and the inhibitory effects of other triterpene alcohols in the oil, which prevented butyrospermol from binding to NPC1L1-NTD. Our study provides theoretical insights into the functional application of butyrospermol and calls for further investigations into its bioactivity and that of camellia oil.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
药理学
·
消化生理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
·
2022
·Vol. 103
·期 1
·108-117
·
IF 4.125
Chuanqing Huang,Zepeng Lin,Yunlong Zhang,Zeyu Liu,Xiaoyue Tang,Changzhu Li,Lin Lin,Wenqian Huang,Yong Ye
Background Diacylglycerol (DAG)-enriched oil has been attracting attention because of its nutritional benefits and biological functions, although the composition of its various free fatty acids (FFAs) and an unclear relationship between substrate and yield make it difficult to be identified and qualified with respect to its production. In the present study, linoleic acid-enriched diacylglycerol (LA-DAG) was synthesized and enriched from Camellia oil by the esterification process using the combi-lipase Lipozyme TL IM/RM IM system. Results The relationship between FFA composition and DAG species productivity was revealed. The results showed that heterogeneous FFA with a major constituent (more than 50%) exhibited higher DAG productivity and inhibited triacylglycerol productivity compared to homogeneous constituents. Joint characterization by high-performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detection, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-heated electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry identified that DAG components contained dilinoleic acid acyl glyceride, linoleyl-oleyl glyceride and dioleic acid acyl glyceride in esterification products. Under the optimum conditions, 60.4% 1,3-DAG and 61.3% LA-DAG in the crude product at 1 h reaction were obtained, and further purified to 81.7% LA-DAG and 94.7% DAG via silica column chromatography. Conclusion The present study provides a guideline for the identification of DAG species, as well as a structure-guided preparation method of DAG-enriched oils via the cost-effective combi-lipase. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
研究领域:
食品科学
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生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Food Quality and Safety
·
2022
·
IF 3.949
Cai Chenggang,Chang Guoli,Zhang Nianhua,Wang Junlin,Wang Liyuan,Wu Pinggu,Yang Dajin
ObjectivesPolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and 3-monochloropropane-1,2-diol ester (3-MCPDE) were studied in camellia oil. It is important to study the changes in the content of PAHs and 3-MCPDE at different refining stages (from crude oil to the final refined oil product) to elucidate the influence of the refining procedures on their change.Materials and methodsThe PAHs and 3-MCPDE in camellia oil from different refining stages (from crude oil to the product) of a plant were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and calculated by the internal standard method.ResultsThe overall PAH content was (79.64±2.43) µg/kg in crude camellia oil. After refining treatment, the PAH content decreased to (18.75±0.55) µg/kg. The 3-MCPDE content increased during the refining process from 0 mg/kg in the crude oil to 4.62 mg/kg in the refined oil product.ConclusionsThis is the first study to simultaneously monitor changes in both PAH and 3-MCPDE contents during the production of camellia oil. These results confirmed the effectiveness of the refining method on PAH removal and the increase in 3-MCPDE at high temperature. It is suggested that novel processing methods or refining parameters need further optimization to decrease the overall concentrations of PAHs and 3-MCPDE in camellia oil.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
环境毒理学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2018
·
IF 4.946
MengTing Zhu,Ting Shi,Yi Chen,ShuHan Luo,Tuo Leng,YangLing Wang,Cong Guo,MingYong Xie
A rapid method for the determination of fatty acid (FA) composition in camellia oils was developed based on the 1 H NMR technique combined with partial least squares (PLS) method. Outliers detection, LVs optimization and data pre-processing selection were explored during the model building process. The results showed the optimal models for predicting the content of C18:1, C18:2, C18:3, saturated, unsaturated, monounsaturated and polyunsaturated FA were achieved by Pareto scaling (Par) pretreatment, with correlation coefficient ( R 2 ) above 0.99, the root mean square error of estimation and prediction (RMSEE, RMSEP) lower than 0.954 and 0.947, respectively. Mean-centering (Ctr) was more suitable for the model of C16:0 and C18:0 with the best performance indicators ( R 2 ≥ 0.945, RMSEE ≤ 0.377, RMSEP ≤ 0.212). This study indicated that 1 H NMR has the potential to be applied as a rapid and routine method for the analysis of FA composition in camellia oils.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
分析化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）