Synthesis of polymer with defined fluorescent end groups via reversible addition fragmentation transfer polymerization for characterizing the conformations of polymer chains in solutions
A new type of chain transfer agent used in reversible addition fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization named 9-anthracenylmethyl (4-cyano-4-( N -carbazylcarbodithioate) pentanoate) (ACCP) was synthesized with a total yield over 75% by the incorporation of both fluorescent donor and acceptor chromophores. Polymerization of heterotelechelic α,ω end-labeled dye-functionalized polystyrene (PS), poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), and poly( n -butyl methacrylate) (PBMA) with adjustable molecular weights and narrow polydispersity could be conducted by a one-pot procedure through RAFT polymerization with this bischromophore chain transfer agent. The polymerizations demonstrated “living” controlled characteristics. By taking advantage of the characteristic fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) response between the polymer chain terminals, the variation of chain dimensions in solution from the dilute region to the semidilute region can be monitored by changes in the ratio of the fluorescence intensities of the carbazolyl group to the anthryl group, which lends itself to potential applications in characterizing chain dimensions in solutions for thermodynamic or dynamic studies. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2016 , 54 , 2413–2420
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