Toxins
·
2025
·Vol. 17
·期 4
·181
·
IF 4
Qingling Zhan,Lina Liu,Wenjie Li,Jingshan Lu,Jiafu Jiang,Fadi Chen,Ye Liu,Zhiyong Guan
Alternariaspecies produce diverse secondary metabolites that act as critical virulence factors during plant pathogenesis. In cultivation areas ofChrysanthemum morifolium‘Fubai’—a key cultivar for herbal tea—black spot disease caused byA. alternatamanifests as necrotic leaf lesions progressing to wilting. Despite this disease’s economic impact, information on its associated toxins is limited, and the types of toxins produced by the black spot pathogen ofChrysanthemum morifolium‘Fubai’ in particular remain unclear. Furthermore, whether toxins are present in the flowers when the leaves show symptoms is uncertain, but their inflorescence is not visibly infected. Using two previously characterizedA. alternatastrains (F16/F20) isolated from ‘Fubai’ in earlier studies, we demonstrated the concomitant production of altenuene (ALT) and tenuazonic acid (TeA) in both strains, with strain-specific yield variations (F20 TeA: 342.16 µg/mL vs. F16: 21.84 µg/mL; ALT: 0.28 µg/mL vs. 0.90 µg/mL). Time-course monitoring revealed coordinated accumulation of both toxins in inoculated petals, reaching 18.07 μg/g ALT and 2.59 µg/g TeA by day 9. Notably, these two toxins were detected only in flower samples from black spot-infected plants, and their concentrations correlated closely with disease severity in the leaves. Moreover, although the inflorescences did not display symptoms, both fresh and dried flowers retained detectable toxin levels. We established a technical system for the extraction and quantitative detection of the toxins ALT and TeA produced by the black spot pathogen in tea chrysanthemum. This work provides the first confirmation of ALT/TeA co-contamination inChrysanthemum morifolium‘Fubai’, revealing substantial dietary exposure risks through tea consumption. Our findings suggest that, from a food safety risk reduction perspective, integrated management strategies should be developed to minimize toxin contamination in tea chrysanthemum, including improved disease prevention measures and potential regulatory considerations.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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食品安全
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次生代谢产物研究
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
·
2014
·Vol. 22
·期 6
·4654-4659
·
IF 2.757
Yao Lixian,Huang Lianxi,He Zhaohuan,Zhou Changming,Li Guoliang,Deng Xiancai
Roxarsone (ROX), a world widely used feed organoarsenic additive in animal production, can be excreted as itself and its metabolites in animal manure. Animal manure is commonly land applied with phosphorous (P) fertilizer to enhance the P phytoavailability in agriculture. We investigated the accumulation of As species in garland chrysanthemum ( C. coronarium ) plants fertilized with 1 % ( w / w , manure/soil) chicken manure bearing ROX and its metabolites, plus 0, 0.05, 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, and 0.8 g P 2 O 5 /kg, respectively. The results show that As(III) was the sole As compound in garland chrysanthemum shoots, and As(III) and As(V) were detectable in roots. Elevated phosphate level supplied more As(V) for garland chrysanthemum roots through competitive desorption in rhizosphere, leading to significantly enhanced accumulation of As species in plants. As(III) was the predominant As form in plants (85.0∼90.6 %). Phosphate could not change the allocation of As species in plants. Hence, the traditional practice that animal manure is applied with P fertilizer may inadvertently increase the potential risk of As contamination in crop via the way ROX → animal → animal manure → soil → crop.
研究领域:
植物学
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环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2022
·Vol. 27
·期 7
·2114
·
IF 4.927
Yi Li,Xia-Jin Liu,Shu-Lan Su,Hui Yan,Sheng Guo,Da-Wei Qian,Jin-Ao Duan
Present studies have shown that Flos Chrysanthemi has anti-inflammatory and other effects and regulates intestinal function, while the chrysanthemum stem and leaf as non-medicinal parts of chrysanthemum have similar chemical components with chrysanthemum, but the activity and mechanisms are rarely elucidated. Therefore, this study used a DSS-induced zebrafish inflammatory bowel disease model to study the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of chrysanthemum stem and leaf extracts. The results indicate that DSS induction leads to increased secretion of acidic mucin in the intestines of juvenile fish, enlargement of the intestinal lumen and the emergence of intestinal inflammation. Compared with the model group, each administration group differentially inhibited the expression of IL-1β, IL-8 and MMP9 in DSS-induced zebrafish, while upregulating the activity of superoxide dismutase. The quantitative analysis results showed that the flavonoids (including Linarin, Diosmetin-7-glucoside, Tilianin, etc.) and phenolic acids (including Isochlorogenic acid C, Isochlorogenic acid A, 1,3-Dicaffeoylquinic acid, etc.) in the alcohol extract were closely related with both anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity, while the polysaccharides were also shown a certain anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity. In conclusion, this study suggests that the flavonoids, phenolic acids and polysaccharides from chrysanthemum stem and leaf extracts can improve inflammatory bowel disease of zebrafish by regulating the expressions of IL-1β, IL-8 and MMP9.Keywords:Flos Chrysanthemi;chrysanthemum stem and leaf;inflammatory bowel disease (IBD);zebrafish;UPLC-TQ/MS
研究领域:
药理学
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炎症研究
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水生毒理学
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分析化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Foods
·
2024
·Vol. 13
·期 5
·635
·
IF 4.7
Aiping Li,Chen Wang,Zhenghao Wu,Yingying Liu,Zhenxia Hao,Chengyin Lu,Hongping Chen
Ningnanmycin is a widely used antibiotic in agricultural production that effectively controls fungal and viral diseases in tea trees and chrysanthemums. The polarity characteristic of ningnanmycin has posed limitations on the development of robust detection methods, thereby hindering effective monitoring and control measures. By combining cation exchange solid phase extraction (SPE) with hydrophilic interaction chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HILIC-MS/MS), we have effectively tackled the issue pertaining to the separation and retention of ningnanmycin. The average recoveries of ningnanmycin in green tea, black tea, and chrysanthemum were 77.3–82.0%, 80.1–81.5%, and 74.0–80.0%, respectively. The intraday and interday relative standard deviations (RSDs) were below and equal to 7.7%. Good linearity was observed in the concentration range of 1–1000 μg/L (R2 > 0.998). The limits of detection (LODs) ranged from 1.1 μg/kg to 7.1 μg/kg, and the limits of quantification (LOQs) ranged from 3.6 μg/kg to 23.7 μg/kg for ningnanmycin. These results indicate the good accuracy, repeatability, reproducibility, and sensitivity of the method. It is suitable for detecting ningnanmycin in tea and chrysanthemum.
研究领域:
分析化学
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食品科学
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植物保护
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Frontiers in Plant Science
·
2023
·
IF 5.6
Chen Qingbing,Gao Kang,Xu YuRan,Sun YaHui,Pan Bo,Chen Dongliang,Luo Chang,Cheng Xi,Liu Hua,Huang Conglin
Chrysanthemums are one of the top ten most well-known traditional famous flowers in China and one of the top four cut flowers worldwide, holding a significant position in landscape gardening. The cold temperatures of winter restrict the cultivation, introduction, and application of chrysanthemum, resulting in high costs for year-round production. This severely impacts the ornamental and economic value of chrysanthemum. Therefore, research on cold tolerance is of vital importance for guiding chrysanthemum production and application. With the development of genomics, transcriptomics, metabolomics, and other omics approaches, along with high-throughput molecular marker technologies, research on chrysanthemum cold tolerance has been continuously advancing. This article provides a comprehensive overview of the progress in cold tolerance research from various aspects, including chrysanthemum phenotype, physiological mechanisms, the forward genetics, molecular mechanisms, and breeding. The aim is to offer insights into the mechanisms of cold tolerance in chrysanthemum and provide reference for in-depth research and the development of new cold tolerance chrysanthemum varieties.
研究领域:
植物学
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遗传学
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园艺学
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DOI
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2015
·Vol. 20
·期 5
·7683-7699
·
IF 2.416
Ying Zhou,Datong Wu,Pengfei Cai,Guifang Cheng,Chaobiao Huang,Yuanjiang Pan
A microwave-assisted extraction approach based on ionic liquids of different chain lengths was successfully applied to the extraction of ten flavonoid glycosides from the flowering heads ofChrysanthemum morifoliumRamat. The pretreated sample was quantified by HPLC-ESI-MSn. The main components were identified as flavonoid glycosides, including three luteolin glycosides, three apigenin glycosides, three kaempferide glycosides, and one acacetin glycoside according to the characteristics of the corresponding CID mass spectrometric patterns. Eight ionic liquids from the imidazolium family with different chain lengths, namely, 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, [Cnmim]Br, (n = 2–16) were studied as extraction medium in water. Results indicated that alkyl chain length had an irregular impact on the extraction efficiency. Moreover, the best extraction efficiency was achieved by 1-dodecyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide aqueous solution ([C12mim]Br). Besides the alkyl chain length of the cations, other factors influencing extraction efficiency were systematically investigated, including concentration of the IL solutions, extraction time, matrix-to-solvent ratio and irradiation power.Keywords:ionic liquids;flavonoid glycosides;microwave-assisted extraction;Chrysanthemum morifoliumRamat
研究领域:
植物化学
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分析化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
·
2017
·Vol. 93
·期 6
·593-606
·
IF 3.356
Wang Jingjing,Wang Haibin,Ding Lian,Song Aiping,Shen Feng,Jiang Jiafu,Chen Sumei,Chen Fadi
Key message Auxin regulates chrysanthemum petal elongation by promoting cell elongation. Transcriptomic analysis shows that auxin signal transduction may connect with other transcription factors by TCPs to regulate chrysanthemum petal elongation. Abstract As an ornamental species, Chrysanthemum morifolium has high ornamental and economic value. Petal size is the primary factor that influences the ornamental value of chrysanthemum, but the mechanism underlying the development of C. morifolium petals remains unclear. In our study, we tracked the growth of petals and found that the basal region of ‘Jinba’ petals showed a higher elongation rate, exhibiting rapid cell elongation during petal growth. During petal elongation growth, auxin was demonstrated to promote cell elongation and an increase in cell numbers in the petal basal region. To further study the molecular mechanisms underlying petal growth, the RNA-seq (high-throughput cDNA sequencing) technique was employed. Four cDNA libraries were assembled from petals in the budding, bud breaking, early blooming and full blooming stages of ‘Jinba’ flower development. Analysis of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) showed that auxin was the most important regulator in controlling petal growth. The TEOSINTEBRANCHED 1, CYCLOIDEA and PCF transcription factor genes ( TCPs ), basic helix-loop-helix- encoding gene ( bHLH ), glutaredoxin-C ( GRXC ) and other zinc finger protein genes exhibited obvious up-regulation and might have significant effects on the growth of ‘Jinba’ petals. Given the interaction between these genes in Arabidopsis thaliana , we speculated that auxin signal transduction might exhibit a close relationship with transcription factors through TCPs. In summary, we present the first comprehensive transcriptomic and hormone analyses of C. morifolium petals. The results offer direction in identifying the mechanism underlying the development of chrysanthemum petals in the elongated phase and have great significance in improving the ornamental characteristics of C. morifolium via molecular breeding.
研究领域:
植物学
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分子生物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Foods
·
2024
·Vol. 13
·期 24
·4145
·
IF 4.7
Yunpeng Wei,Huiqiang Hu,Minghua Yuan,Huaxing Xu,Xiaobo Mao,Yuping Zhao,Luqi Huang
The bioactive components of chrysanthemum tea are an essential indicator in evaluating its nutritive and commercial values. Combining hyperspectral imaging (HSI) with key wavelength selection and pattern recognition methods, this study developed a novel approach to estimating the content of bioactive components in chrysanthemums, including the total flavonoids (TFs) and chlorogenic acids (TCAs). To determine the informative wavelengths of hyperspectral images, we introduced a variable similarity regularization term into particle swarm optimization (denoted as VSPSO), which can focus on improving the combinatorial performance of key wavelengths and filtering out the features with higher collinearity simultaneously. Moreover, considering the underlying relevance of the phytochemical content and the exterior morphology characteristics, the spatial image features were also extracted. Finally, an ensemble learning model, LightGBM, was established to estimate the TF and TCA contents using the fused features. Experimental results indicated that the proposed VSPSO achieved a superior accuracy, with R2scores of 0.9280 and 0.8882 for TF and TCA prediction. Furthermore, after the involvement of spatial image information, the fused spectral–spatial features achieved the optimal model accuracy on LightGBM. The R2scores reached 0.9541 and 0.9137, increasing by 0.0308–0.1404 and 0.0181–0.1066 in comparison with classical wavelength-related methods and models. Overall, our research provides a novel method for estimating the bioactive components in chrysanthemum tea accurately and efficiently. These discoveries revealed the potential effectiveness for constructing feature fusion in HSI-based practical applications, such as nutritive value evaluation and heavy metal pollution detection, which will also facilitate the development of quality detection in the food industry.
研究领域:
食品科学
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植物化学
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分析化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2017
·
IF 0
Yunhong Yi,Junliang Lv,Nanjing Zhong,Gongqing Wu
The present study explored the ability of a novel spent chrysanthemum adsorbent prepared from acid acetaldehyde for the removal of Cu 2+ from an aqueous solution. The effect of various parameters, including solution pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time and temperature on adsorption of Cu 2+ were studied by batch experiments. According to the experimental results, the optimal pH range and optimum dosage were found to be 3.0–5.0 and 6.0 g/L, respectively. The adsorption amount at equilibrium decreased with the increase of temperature. Freudlich model provided better correlation for the adsorption of Cu 2+ by modified spent Chrysanthemum (MSC) (R = 0.99)and spent Chrysanthemum (SC)(R = 0.98). Adsorption capacity of MSC was 692 mg/g at 293 K, but it was 400 mg/g at 293 K for SC. The adsorption process on Cu 2+ proceeded rapidly and almost reached adsorption equilibrium within 20 min. The kinetics data of MSC were analyzed using the pseudo-first-order equations and pseudo-second-order equations. The pseudo-second-order equation fitted the experimental data very well (R = 0.99). The adsorption amount at equilibrium decreased with the increase of temperature. The thermodynamic parameters showed that the biosorption was exothermic and spontaneous. Experimental results showed that MSC could be used as an effective biosorbent for Cu 2+ removal from aqueous solutions.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·Vol. 57
·期 6
·3385-3399
·
IF 3.612
Yu Zhang,Kexin Li,Maobin Chen,Shangling Fang,Da Zhen,Jinghua Cao,Zhengqi Wu,Ke Zhang
Summary In this study, a novel chrysanthemum polysaccharide (CP) was obtained and investigated from Chrysanthemum morifolium tea in Hubei province, China. Molecular characterisation and emulsifying properties of the CP were elucidated. The effects of different factors, including storage time, metal ions, pH value and heat treatment, were studied on the stability of emulsion. Results showed that the mean particle diameter (MPD) ( d 32 ) varied from 5.54 to 0.49 μm with the polysaccharide concentration ranging from 0.5wt% to 3.0wt%. The MPD ( d 32 ) of emulsions stabilised by chrysanthemum tea polysaccharide (ECP) was smaller than that of GA at 2wt%, and the MPD ( d 32 ) of ECP remained stable with no stratification occurred at 25 °C for 10 days. ECP also showed good stability under acidic conditions (3.0–7.0). With increase of Na + and Ca 2+ concentration, MPD( d 32 ) and zeta potential values raised significantly, from 2.24 to 7.24 μm and from −40.52 to −35.35 mV respectively. After high-temperature heat treatment, MPD ( d 32 ) and zeta potential showed no significant change, indicating ECP presented good storage stability. In conclusion, CP helped stabilised emulsions that could be used as a natural emulsifier for future application.
研究领域:
食品科学
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植物化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Analytical Methods
·
2021
·Vol. 13
·期 20
·2283-2289
·
IF 2.896
Weifeng Fan,Jianqiao Zhou,Zi Wu,Guoying Tan,Haoxiang Li,Quanxi Mei,Zhengming Qian
Chrysanthemum indici flos (CIF), a traditional functional beverage, has been used in China for thousands of years. However, research on the antioxidant properties and compounds in CIF is insufficient. In the current study, an online gradient extraction (OGE) coupled with a high performance liquid chromatography-ferric reducing antioxidant power (HPLC-FRAP) system for rapid identification of antioxidants in CIF was proposed. The CIF sample (0.3 mg) was extracted online by a gradient mobile phase (acetonitrile and 0.1% formic acid), separated on a Poroshell 120 SB-Aq column, and then detected for the anti-oxidative activity with the online FRAP assay. 36 peaks were found and 28 compounds were identified. Among them, 18 peaks showed antioxidant activity, six of which were detected in CIF for the first time. The total analytical time was less than 45 min, including sample extraction, separation, and antioxidant identification. The results indicate that the OGE-HPLC-FRAP system is a simple, efficient and rapid tool for screening antioxidants in CIF, which provides the scientific data of CIF's antioxidant research and is helpful to improve the quality evaluation of CIF.
研究领域:
分析化学
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药用植物学
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食品科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FITOTERAPIA
·
2019
·
IF 2.431
Fenqin Zhao,Qianqian Zhang,Yan Yan,Haiyan Jia,Xinran Zhao,Xiying Li,Lihua Zheng,Guang Han
Dendranthema morifolium cv. ‘jinsidaju’, cultivated only in Kaifeng, has been eaten for more than 1000 years. During the antioxidant-activity-guided studies on its chemistry and health care function, two new bisabolane-type sesquiterpenes , (6 R ,7 R )-7-hydroxybisabol-2,9 E ,11-triene-4-one (jinsidajuol A, 1 ) and (6 R ,7 R )-7-hydroxy-11-methoxybisabol-2,9 E -diene-4-one (jinsidajuol B, 2 ), and thirteen known compounds ( 3 – 15 ) were isolated from the flowers. Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy and HRMS. 1 and 2 are the first example of bisabolane-type sesquiterpenes isolated from the genus Dendranthema. Compounds 6 – 8 , 12 and 13 exhibited strong scavenging activities on the ABTS radical cation with IC 50 3.33, 5.67, 2.00, 2.50, 5.33 μg/mL, respectively. The IC 50 values of all compounds on HepG2 human hepatoma tumor cell line were higher than 50 μM.
研究领域:
药用植物学
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生物化学
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植物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）