JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
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2020
·Vol. 324
·期 1
·339-348
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IF 1.137
Zhao Jialin,Sui Ying,Peng Xiujing,Sun Guoxin,Cui Yu
Abstract Nuclear grade zirconium and hafnium are the key to promoting the development of nuclear industry. We designed and synthesized a new diphosphonic acid extractant N , N - n -octylamine di(methylene phenylphosphinic acid) (OADMPPA) with excellent extraction ability and priority for extraction of zirconium. This paper focused on the changes in extraction mechanisms and composition of complexes. With increasing concentration of HCl, cation exchange mechanism gradually changed into solvation mechanism, and complexes converted in the order of ZrOA, Zr(HA) 2 Cl 2 and ZrCl 4 ·H 2 A. Compared with bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl)phosphinic acid (Cyanex272), OADMPPA could increase the extraction rates of zirconium and hafnium by 7.2 and 12.6 times. Graphic abstract
研究领域:
化学工程
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核工业
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF RARE EARTHS
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2024
·
IF 5.2
Songsong Li,Jinglu Han,Yanling Li,Wuping Liao
Enlarging the steric hindrance to the molecular structures of extractants is a common way to improve their selectivity. To improve the separation factor of thorium(IV) and cerium(IV), cyclic groups having large steric hindrance such as phenyl, cyclohexyl, and benzyl were introduced into the α -aminophosphonate extractant molecules. Bis(2-ethylhexyl) ((phenylamino)methyl) phosphonate (PAMP), bis(2-ethylhexyl) ((cyclohexylamino)methyl) phosphonate (CAMP), and bis(2-ethylhexyl) ((benzylamine)methyl) phosphate (BAMP) were synthesized and applied in the separation and recovery of thorium(IV) and cerium(IV) from sulfuric acid solution. The separation ability between cerium(IV) and thorium(IV) descends in the order of CAMP > BAMP ≈ Cextrant230 > DEHAMP >> PAMP, which is consistent with the decreasing order of steric hindrance. Nearly non-extraction of both cerium(IV) and thorium(IV) and the lowest separation ability for PAMP will be due to the conjugation of the lone pair of the amino N atom and benzene ring in PAMP. Furthermore, the extraction of REs(Ⅲ) by CAMP is lower than that of thorium(IV). Thermodynamic parameters ( ΔG 0 , ΔH 0 , ΔS 0 ) and extraction equilibrium constants were determined. An extraction process was developed to separate and retrieve thorium(IV) and cerium(IV) from a bastnaesite leaching solution. The final product purity of CeO 2 and ThO 2 is 99% and 98.4%, respectively, and the yields are 90.2% and 97.6%, respectively.
研究领域:
化学
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材料科学
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高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2024
·
IF 8.1
Xilin Geng,Qionghua Xie,Yundong Zhu,Guocheng Yao,Liangshi Wang
Germanium is a strategic metal that is challenging to enrich and purify without any side effects, especially stability and selectivity. Here the role of carbonyl acid in selective separation of germanium from complex industrial liquids was highlighted. Integrating theoretical and experimental analyses, carbonyl acids exhibit strong binding ability and high selectivity to germanium was demonstrated. The first set of carbonyl acid extractant (CAE) for germanium extraction was successfully synthesized with a solubility of less than 50 mg/L at pH = 0. The process analysis exhibits the extraction rate of germanium in a single stage by CAEs exceeds 99.9 %, while the separation factor surpasses 10 3 , far beyond 10 1 of hydroxamic acids. Furthermore, the stripping rate for germanium in a single stage exceeds 83.0 %, with germanium accounting for over 99.9 % of the total metal content in the stripping solution. The CAE extraction process is straightforward and characterized by high germanium separation efficiency. The development of CAE not only realises the stable, green, low-carbon, and high-efficiency purification of germanium, but also the universality and inspiration of CAE make it highly significant and valuable in both theoretical research and practical applications.
研究领域:
冶金学
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化学工程
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材料科学
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高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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2024
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IF 7.4
Mengjia Hu,Jingjing Xiao,Hongqing Wang,Chen Yao,Yaxin Wu,Zhihong Xiao,Changzhu Li
In this paper, a novel bifunctional molecule dialkyl (2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl) phosphonate (DAHAOEP) containing both phosphoryl and hydroxamic groups was designed and synthesized, and used as a uranium extractant. The extraction properties of DAHAOEP were focused. Dihexyl (2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl) phosphonate (DHHAOEP) was shown to have a better extraction effect on uranyl ions than dibutyl (2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl) phosphonate (DBHAOEP) and diethyl (2-(hydroxyamino)-2-oxoethyl) phosphonate (DEHAOEP). Under the optimal extraction conditions, the extraction efficiency of DHHAOEP on uranyl ions could reach up to 98 %. Extraction saturation capacity, reusability and selectivity results indicated that the saturation capacity of DHHAOEP continuous extraction can reach 596 % after 10 times of extraction, DHHAOEP had been recycled more than 5 times, and exhibited a superior selectivity for uranyl ions. Slope method showed that DHHAOEP mainly coordinated with uranyl ions in a 1:2 coordination, i.e., monomolecular bidentate coordination M 2 L. FTIR and XPS analysis further confirmed that DHHAOEP combined with uranyl ions through it’s -C(=O)-NHOH and P = O groups to form a five-membered ring and P-O-U configuration, respectively.
研究领域:
化学
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环境科学
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高影响因子
Journal of Cleaner Production
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2019
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IF 6.395
Dongmei He,Li Zeng,Guiqing Zhang,Wenjuan Guan,Zuoying Cao,Qinggang Li,Shengxi Wu
A large amount of nickel discharge from Ni-plating wastewater, inevitably causes serious water pollution and resources waste issue, which has attracted extensive attentions worldwide. Solvent extraction is one of the most effective methods for the removal and recovery of nickel from Ni-plating wastewater. However, conventional extraction with acidic extractants brought secondary pollutant (acid wastewater). To eliminate the initial and secondary pollution caused by Ni-plating wastewater treatment , an acid-free and alkali-free extraction process for nickel by using a cleaner extractant–PEPD was proposed. The effects of Cl − concentration, PEPD concentration, equilibrium pH, O/A ratio and reaction time on the nickel extraction efficiency were evaluated employing single variable method. The results demonstrated that PEPD showed a high extraction capacity (single-stage extraction: 94%) and selectivity ( β Ni/Ca : 284, β Ni/Mg : 306) to nickel at room temperature. The extraction mechanism was further studied by means of FT-IR, UV-VIS, NMR and ESI-MS spectra and the structure of coordinated complex between Ni and PEPD was determined to be NiCl 4 (PEPD) 2 . Remarkably, PEPD exhibited a good stability after going through five extraction and stripping cycles. In conclusion, using PEPD to substitute the conventional acidic extractants is of great potential application value due to the merits of pollution reducing and utilization effectiveness improvement of resources.
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2024
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IF 13.3
Xuan Huang,Ming Yi,Kewen Tang
To address resources shortage and environmental degradation, noble metal recovery from e-waste is in desperate need. Herein, to achieve selective extraction of gold (Au) and palladium (Pd) from practical e-waste, a series of tridentate thioether extractants are designed with ester functional groups at both ends of the thioether. By varying the chain length of the ester alkyl, the relationship between extractant structure and performance is further explored. The results indicate that the as-introduced tridentate structure facilitate the Au(III) and Pd(II) extraction, demonstrating a complex mechanism involving both coordination substitution and ion association. Notably, the extractant with the shortest carbon chain length and smallest molecular weight delivers outstanding extraction capacities of 920.2 mg/g for Au(III) and 280.7 mg/g for Pd(II). More importantly, it exhibits superior selectivity (∼100 %) for Au(III) and Pd(II) in complex metal solutions. This work guides the design of thioether-based extractants for sustainable recovery of noble metal from practical e-waste.
研究领域:
化学工程
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环境科学
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材料科学
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高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2025
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IF 13.2
Hongtao Liu,Jiawei Wen,Lei Cao,Junlian Wang,Xin Wang,Guoyong Huang,Shengming Xu
Conventional phosphonic acid extractants such as bis (2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (P204) have only been used for cobalt extraction and perform poor separation efficiency. In this work, we propose a route to synergistically extract and separate Co, Mo, and V from spent hydrogenation catalysts by utilizing the modulating effect of ethanolamine (MEA) on phosphonic acid-based extractants, which eliminates the need for saponification and acidification of the extractants. The extraction mechanism of V, Co and Mo have been explained detailedly. By performing quantum chemical calculations on the surface properties of various amines, their metal extraction effects were predicted and validated using machine learning, laying the foundation for the design of synergistic extractants. The Co/Mo/V selective separation process was finally built with the aim of extracting cobalt first in the form of Co(RNH 2 ) 2 A 2 . At a P204 concentration of 25 %, MEA addition of 5 %, stirring time of 10 min, stirring rate of 400 rpm, the combined recoveries of the three metals Co, V and Mo reached 94.56 %, 85.60 % and 88.81 %, the separation factors β Co/Mo and β Co/V could be increased up to 44748.77 and 1174.04, respectively. It was also demonstrated that the extractant was also suitable for the selective extraction of Ni 2+ . This work provided fundamental research for the development of high-performance extraction systems.
研究领域:
化学工程
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材料科学
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高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2015
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IF 3.091
Dandan Jiang,Naizhong Song,Sufen Liao,Yu Lian,Jiutong Ma,Qiong Jia
In the present study, the solvent extraction of vanadium from chloride medium with acidic organophosphorus extractants, primary amine N1923, and their mixtures were investigated. The organophosphorus acids included di(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA), 2-ethylhexylphosphonic acid mono-(2-ethylhexyl) ester (HEHEHP), and bis(2,4,4-trimethylpentyl) phosphinic acid (Cyanex272). The extraction effects from chloride medium were studied in detail, illustrating that all the three mixtures of organophosphorus acids and N1923 have synergistic effects on vanadium. As a representative, extraction stoichiometries of vanadium with D2EHPA + N1923 were studied with the methods of slope and constant mole. The extraction capacity of temperature dependency was also investigated. Moreover, the separation of vanadium, nickel, and chromium with mixtures of D2EHPA + N1923 was studied.
研究领域:
化学工程
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冶金学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2024
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IF 12.2
Yunhui Li,Yixiong Chen,Jialin Qing,Zuoying Cao,Shengxi Wu,Qinggang Li,Mingyu Wang,Wenjuan Guan,Guiqing Zhang
The efficient recovery of nickel from chloride systems has long presented a challenge in the field. While solvent extraction is a viable approach, conventional extractants have been associated with drawbacks such as a high requirement for chloride ions and substantial consumption of acids and alkalis. In response to these challenges, this investigation developed and synthesized a novel thiazole-based extractant, N, N-Bis(4-thiazolylmethyl)octylamine (NNBT), tailored for the selective extraction of nickel from chloride systems. Findings from the study indicate that the nitrogen atom situated on the benzylamine framework within NNBT can interact synergistically with the chelating thiazole ring, facilitating effective nickel extraction and notably reducing the need for chloride ions. Furthermore, the extractant can be regenerated using deionized water , thereby obviating the necessity for additional consumption of acids and alkalis. Following the validation of NNBT as an environmentally sustainable and efficient nickel extractant within the chloride ion system, it was successfully employed to selectively and effectively extract nickel from the nickel-aluminum slag of spent HDP catalyst. The extracted nickel and aluminum were subsequently processed into electroplated nickel chloride and polyaluminum chloride, respectively, meeting the national standards of China. These outcomes underscore the eco-friendliness and promise of NNBT for nickel extraction from chloride systems.
研究领域:
冶金工程
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环境科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2018
·Vol. 8
·期 35
·19486-19493
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IF 2.936
Gang-Tian Zhu,Fei Liu,Sheng He,Xiao-Mei He,Shu-Kui Zhu,Yu-Qi Feng
Magnetic aqueous ammonia (MAA) was prepared as a magnetic extractant for dispersive microextraction of petroleum acids (PAs). The amount of extractant in MAA was custom-made by a simple approach. In the MAA composed of an aqueous ammonia coating and Fe3O4@SiO2 core, the coating is a base extractant that can selectively extract acids, while the magnetic core serves as a support to achieve dispersion as well as rapid magnetic retrieval of the extractant during the extraction processes. This is the first use of reusable, stable and modifiable Fe3O4@SiO2 as a support instead of bare Fe3O4 in a magnetic particle assisted dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction technique. The parameters that affect extraction efficiency were investigated. The sampling step as well as the desorption step can be completed in 2 min. The linear ranges are 5–5000 ng g−1, while the limits of quantification range from 2.5 to 6.2 ng g−1. The recoveries in spiked crude oil samples are in the range of 79.1% to 112.1% with relative standard deviations less than 11.3% (intra-day) and 13.4% (inter-day). Finally, the proposed method was applied to the analysis of PAs in diluted crude oils with different maturities. In comparison to the existing methods for extraction of PAs, the proposed method provides superior performances including high throughput (12-well plate), high degree of sample clean-up, and low consumption of separation material, solvent and time.
研究领域:
分析化学
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环境科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
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2023
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IF 6
Yingmin Yu,Xinlei Niu,Xiaocheng Zhang,Houchun Yan,Jinshan Wang
In order to remove epichlorohydrin from wastewater, liquid–liquid equilibrium behaviors in the systems {water + epichlorohydrin + solvents (1-hexanol/1-heptanol/2-octanol/1-nonanol)} were determined at 303.2 K under101.3 kPa. The partition coefficients and separation factors in each system were used to compare and discuss the effects of extraction. The σ-profiles were used to discuss the interactions of substances in this work. The experimental data were correlated with the NRTL and UNIQUAC models, to obtain the binary interaction parameters required for each system. The GMcal_TieLinesLL GUI tools were applied to verify the consistency of the binary interaction parameters.
研究领域:
化学工程
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环境科学
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DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
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IF 9
Lang Feng,Wei Long,Bin Li,Tao Li,Zhihong Zhang,Xiaohua Wang,Huiping Li
Red mud is an alkaline solid waste generated during alumina production and harbors significant scandium (Sc) resources. Sc holds substantial scientific and economic value due to its critical applications in metallurgy, chemistry, and electronics. However, traditional methods for extracting Sc from red mud are hindered by challenges such as prolonged mixing times, high energy consumption, and susceptibility to emulsification, which severely limit industrial application efficiency. To address these issues, this study designed and developed a microfluidic extraction platform utilizing laminar flow, slug flow, and micro-droplet systems. It systematically investigated the separation process of Sc 3+ using di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (P204) as the extractant. The microfluidic chip significantly enhanced the rapid mass transfer of Sc 3+ between phases by providing a larger interface area, thereby accelerating the extraction kinetics. This characteristic enabled the extraction process to reach equilibrium more quickly while ensuring operational stability and reproducibility. Experimental results demonstrated that, compared to solvent extraction (with an extraction efficiency of 74.6 %), the laminar flow achieved the selectivity separation efficiency for Sc 3+ ranging from 94.1 % to 96.4 %, with the reaction time reduced to 7.14–10 min. The slug flow improved mass transfer efficiency by promoting internal circulation within the droplets, achieving an extraction efficiency of 86.9 % to 94.8 %. Meanwhile, the micro-droplet attained the highest mass transfer efficiency of 92.9 % to 97.4 % by leveraging the large specific surface area and internal flow characteristics of the droplets. Therefore, the laminar flow is highly suitable for continuous operation and the rapid and efficient separation of rare earth elements from bulk solid waste. Additionally, the performance of the slug flow and micro-droplet is significantly superior to traditional solvent extraction methods, making them particularly suitable for high-selectivity separation of rare earth ions and small-scale processing applications. This study not only provides a novel strategy for the efficient recovery of Sc resources from red mud but also promotes the application and development of microfluidic technology in wet metallurgical engineering.
研究领域:
冶金工程
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环境科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）