ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2023
·
IF 8.4
Qiyuan Zheng,Zuoying Cao,Shengxi Wu,Qinggang Li,Mingyu Wang,Wenjuan Guan,Guiqing Zhang
Direct extraction of Ni(II) from Fe(III), Al(III), Ca(II), Mg(II), and Mn(II) is a bottleneck issue in the hydrometallurgy processes of laterite-nickel ore, spent batteries, and other secondary sources. One of the biggest challenges in achieving direct extraction of Ni(II) is the lack of stable and efficient extractants. Hence, a novel bipyridine extractant MSL211 was designed and synthesized in this paper. With its strong steric resistance and electrostatic interaction, MSL211 can form a stable eight-membered chelating ring with Ni(II), thereby having a high bonding ability toward Ni(II). Therefore, based on the high bonding ability of MSL211 toward Ni(II) and the low extraction capacity of DNNSA for Fe(III), an efficient synergistic extraction system of DNNSA-MSL211 was proposed. The synergistic extraction system of DNNSA-MSL211 realizes direct extraction of Ni(II) from Fe(III), Al(III), Ca(II), Mg(II), and Mn(II) without neutralization, precipitation, and solid/liquid separation processes, which are inevitable but problematic processes in the current hydrometallurgy processes for removing Fe(III), Al(III), and Mn(II). The effects of the molar ratios of DNNSA:MSL211, shaking time, temperature, O/A ratios, and equilibrium pH on the extraction behavior of Ni(II) were investigated. Under optimum conditions, the extraction efficiency of Ni(II) was as high as 97.62%, and the separation coefficient of Ni(II) over all impurities was greater than 400. To elucidate the mechanism of the high selectivity of DNNSA-MSL211 toward Ni(II), DFT calculations were carried out to calculate the binding energy (ΔE) and Gibbs free energy (ΔG(ext)) of the extraction process. Furthermore, this paper investigated the entire ″extraction-stripping″ process, demonstrating that the synergistic extraction system of DNNSA-MSL211 avoids neutralization, precipitation, and solid/liquid separation processes, minimizes hazardous waste generation, and shortens process flow while meeting the objectives of sustainable and clean production.
研究领域:
化学工程
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
HYDROMETALLURGY
·
2024
·
IF 4.8
Xinyu Cheng,Dong Shi,Yuze Zhang,Xiaowu Peng,Shaolei Xie,Lijuan Li,Yong Niu,Yuxuan Wang,Fugen Song
Cesium is an important strategic resource, and solvent extraction is the most frequently used technology for its extraction from various minerals and brines. However, this common method faces operational and cost problems owing to large alkali consumption. A synergistic extraction system consisting of 4- tert -butyl-2-(α-methylbenzyl) phenol (t-BAMBP) and di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) was designed and used to extract Cs + from an alkali-free solution. The effects of variables such as: (i) pH, (ii) concentration of t-BAMBP and D2EHPA, (iii) temperature, (iv) Cs + concentration, and (v) coexisting cations, on the Cs + extraction performance of the synergistic system were investigated. The most suitable organic phase composition was 1.0 mol/L t-BAMBP and 0.1 mol/L D2EHPA in kerosene, and the synergistic coefficient was up to 57 at 25 °C and an organic/aqueous phase volume ratio of 1/1. The extraction sequence of cations using the t-BAMBP–D2EHPA synergistic system followed the descending order Cs + > Rb + > Ca 2+ > K + > Li + > Mg 2+ > Na + . The chemical formula of the extracted species was determined as [CsA(HA)(ROH) 2 ] using the slope method. The Cs + extraction process is an exothermic reaction with an enthalpy ( ΔH o ) of −55.3 kJ mol −1 , confirmed by the thermodynamic study. After three-stage countercurrent extraction, the extraction efficiency of Cs + was 92.6%, demonstrating excellent selectivity from coexisting cations. The t-BAMBP–D2EHPA synergistic system showed outstanding economic and environmental advantages and a good application prospect to develop a conceptual process flowsheet for extraction with this system and stripping with HCl to separate cesium salt from salt-lake brine.
研究领域:
化学工程
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
DESALINATION
·
2024
·
IF 8.3
Junyuan Hua,Feidong Yang,Jintao He,Jiahui Du,Bo Dong,Xiaohua Ma,Jianxin Li
A great challenge is to develop suitable techniques to extract Li + resources from low-grade salt-lake brines with high Mg/Li ratios. In this study, an efficient ternary extraction system has been constructed using tributyl phosphate (TBP) and crown ether (CE) as the extractant and sodium bistrifluoromethylsulfonimide (NaNTf 2 ) as the auxiliary extractant to extract Li + . Results showed that the single-stage E Li % and SF Li-Mg were up to 74.1 % and 757, respectively, when the O/A was 1, 0.02 mol/l Li + and 0.232 mol/l Mg 2+ . It is noteworthy that the elution of Li + was also as high as 100 % at an O/A volume ratio of 5, when 0.5 mol/l HCl was used as the counter-extractant to recovery Li + . The NMR and FTIR analysis and molecular dynamics (MD) and density functional theory (DFT) revealed that the exceptional performance of the three-component extraction system was attributed to the optimal matching between the diameter of Li + and the cavity size of the CE, as well as the strong affinity exhibited by CE, TBP, and NTf 2 − towards Li + . Specifically, the 2TBP-LiNTf 2 -CE-LiNTf 2 complex structure with the highest binding energy displayed the most structure. In summary, this work paves the way for the recovery of Li + from low-grade salt-lake brine.
研究领域:
化学工程
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2025
·
IF 3.9
Linli Chen,Rujie Li,Yangyang Wang,Yi Jing,Shanxu Han,Zhongqi Ren,Zhiyong Zhou
Lithium precipitation mother liquor produced during the lithium precipitation process is a typical solution with a high Na/Li ratio. In this work, the dibenzoylmethane (DBM) and triisobutyl phosphate (TIBP) extraction system after saponification with sodium hydroxide was used to selectively recover lithium ions from lithium precipitation mother liquor. Under optimal extraction conditions, the single-stage extraction efficiency of lithium ions reached up to 95%, and the mass ratio of Na to Li decreased from 36 in aqueous solution to 0.7 in the extractant. After washing with ammonium chloride and lithium chloride, the washing efficiency of sodium ions reached up to 98.9% without the loss of lithium ions. The stripping efficiency of lithium ions was 99.6% by three-stage stripping processes with ammonium carbonate, and battery-grade lithium carbonate could be directly prepared by evaporation of the stripping solution, leading to no production of lithium precipitation mother liquor again. Finally, the selective extraction mechanism of DBM-TIBP extraction system was explored by FT-IR and 31P NMR characterizations.
研究领域:
化学工程
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
TALANTA
·
2022
·
IF 6.556
Qianqian Shang,Huajing Liu,Hang Mei,Chuixiu Huang,Xiantao Shen
Coextraction of different groups of analytes is vital for saving sample volumes and simplifying analytical procedures in bioanalysis . Conventionally, coextraction was achieved by using multi-extraction systems with different supported liquid membranes (SLMs). However, the different membrane solvents tended to diffuse into the aqueous solutions and the other SLM to reach distribution equilibrium during extraction process, causing the system instability. In this work, a stable multi-extraction system (integration of liquid-phase microextraction and electromembrane extraction, LPME/EME) based on the identical supported semi-liquid membrane (SsLM) was developed. Principally, the state of distribution equilibrium of the membrane solvent (polypropylene glycol with molecular weight 4000) in SsLM could be reached at the beginning of extraction, which enhanced the coextraction stability. With this multi-extraction system, acidic and basic analytes were simultaneously extracted from practical biological samples. The extraction recoveries of the six model drugs in undiluted urine samples were over 70%. Followed by LC-MS/MS, the limits of quantification (LOQs) were in the range of 5–10 ng mL −1 . The multi-extraction system using the identical SsLM in this study shows promising potential in construction of other stable multi-extraction systems (e.g., LPME/LPME and EME/EME) in the future, which will greatly benefit the group separation of analytes in complicated biological samples.
研究领域:
分析化学
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生物分析
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药学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2023
·
IF 15.1
Kun Wang,Guoquan Zhang,Mingzhi Luo,Jia Li
Spent Li-ion batteries (LIBs) pollute the environment and endanger human health; however, they are valuable mineral resources . Here, we designed an extraction system composed of 0.4 mol/L 2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone (HTTA), 0.4 mol/L trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO), and ionic liquid (IL) 1-Butyl-3-MethylImidazolium bis (trifluoromethyl sulfonyl) imide to recover valuable metals from spent LIBs. Under the optimum conditions (O/A = 1/1, 25 °C, reaction time 20 min, and pH = 3.65, the pH of the solution does not need to be adjusted), over 99.54% of Co, 99.85% of Mn, and 99.68% of Ni were extracted, while only 2.84% of Li were coextracted. The ultraviolet spectrum analysis showed that the spectral peaks of the stripping solution changed at 266 and 293 nm, indicating that CH 3 COO – participated in the extraction reaction. Following stripping with sulfuric acid , the pH of the solution was adjusted with 2.0 mol/L NaOH, and approximately 99% of the Al 3+ ions were precipitated. Nickel and manganese sulphates were added to the stripping solution. The precursor was prepared using a coprecipitation method. The precursor was then mixed with lithium hydroxide and calcined at 1000 °C for 12 h to obtain LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 .
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
·
2025
·
IF 1.9
Pei Shi,Liping Dong,Yun Li,Yida Li,Nianke Zheng,Hao Yang,Zhongqi Ren,Zhiyong Zhou
An extraction system consisting of di-2-ethylhexyl phosphoric acid (D2EHPA), tributyl phosphate (TBP), and kerosene was developed for selective recovery of aluminium ions from the leaching solution of cathode materials of spent ternary lithium-ion batteries. The proposed system could significantly separate nickel, cobalt, manganese, and lithium ions from aluminium ions in the leachate. A four-stage cross-flow extraction process using D2EHPA-TBP-kerosene with 40% saponification degree could recover 99.48% of Al 3+ at pH of 1.68 and O/A phase ratio of 1:1. After one-stage washing and five-stage stripping processes, a stripping solution containing nearly pure Al 3+ could be obtained. Then, the Al 2 (SO 4 ) 3 ‧ 17H 2 O product was recovered from the stripping solution by the cooling crystallization method with a yield of 92.63% and a purity of 99.32%. The extraction system showed very stable extraction ability during ten consecutive extraction–washing–stripping cycles. Finally, a cation exchange mechanism was explored by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) characterization.
研究领域:
化学工程
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环境科学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
MATERIALS RESEARCH BULLETIN
·
2011
·
IF 2.146
Aifang Geng,Yubing Liu,Wuping Liao
CdS microtrumpets with the length being of about 4 μm and the bell wall being of 100 nm have been prepared using a cadmium di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid chelate as the precursor by a two-phase thermal approach. The products were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV–vis spectroscopy. The effects of temperature, reaction time, and co-surfactant on the morphology were also examined. It was found that the co-surfactant triethanolamine plays a crucial role in the formation of the cubic phase trumpet-like CdS microstructures.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纳米技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2022
·Vol. 27
·期 19
·6465
·
IF 4.927
He Chang,Yang Lu,Yantao Sun
In this paper, a new aqueous two-phase extraction system(ATPES) consisting of UCON (poly(ethylene glycol-ran-propylene glycol) monobutyl ether)–NaH2PO4was established, and four trace polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs: fluorene, anthracene, pyrene and phenanthrene) in water and soil were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)–ultraviolet detection. In the multi-factor experiment, the central composite design (CCD) was used to determine the optimum technological conditions. The final optimal conditions were as follows: the concentration of UCON was 0.45 g·mL−1, the concentration of NaH2PO4was 3.5 mol·L−1, and the temperature was 30 °C. The recovery of the four targets was 98.91–99.84% with a relative standard deviation of 0.3–2.1%. Then UCON recycling and cyclic tests were designed in the experiment, and the results showed that the recovery of PAHs gradually increased in the three extractions because of the remaining PAHs in the salt phase of last extraction. The recovery of PAHs in the UCON recycling test was less than that in the extraction test due to the wastage of UCON. In addition, a two-phase aqueous extraction model was established based on the random forest (RF) model. The results obtained were compared with the experimental data, and the root mean square error (RMSE) was 0.0371–0.0514 and the correlation coefficient R2was 96.20–98.53%, proving that the model is robust and reliable.Keywords:aqueous two-phase separation;high-performance liquid chromatography;polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons;determination
研究领域:
环境科学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2017
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IF 3.034
Wei Yu,Kai Li,Zhongling Liu,Hanqi Zhang,Xiangqun Jin
Ionic liquid/anionic surfactant aqueous two-phase system was developed and applied for the extraction of sulfonamides in blood. High-performance liquid chromatography was applied to the determination of the analytes. The blood sample was centrifuged and added to sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), ionic liquid 1-Hexyl-3-MethylImidazolium Chloride([C 6 MIM] Cl), K 2 HPO 4 . After the resulting mixture was ultrasonically shaken and centrifuged, the aqueous two phase system was formed and analytes were extracted into the upper phase. The parameters affecting the extraction efficiency, such as volume of ionic liquid, amount of sodium dodecyl sulfate, ionic strength , pH value of system, extraction time and temperature were investigated. The limits of detection of Sulfamethyldiazine (SMZ), Sulfamethizole (STZ), sulfachlorpyridazine (SCP), sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and Sulfisoxazole (SSZ) were 3.29, 4.13, 3.74, 2.45 and 3.60 μg L − 1 , respectively. When the present method was applied to the analysis of real blood samples, the recoveries of analytes ranged from 85.5 to 110.9% and relative standard deviations were lower than 6.9%.
研究领域:
分析化学
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药理学
·
医学检验
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
·
2019
·
IF 4.561
Wenbo Zhu,Yongzhong Jia,Jinhe Sun,Pengrui Zhang,Fei Shao,Yan Jing
A novel synergistic extraction system was studied for the separation of lithium isotopes using lithium salts solution as aqueous phase and dichloromethane containing 4′-acetylbenzo-15-crown-5 and [BMIm][NTf 2 ] as organic phase with solvent extraction method . The key factors such as anions of lithium salts, concentrations of LiNTf 2 , initial pH values of aqueous phase, solvents, volume ratio of dichloromethane and [BMIm][NTf 2 ] were investigated in this study. Results showed that the maximum extraction rate of lithium was 68.36% and the maximum single stage separation factor of 6 Li and 7 Li was 1.056 ± 0.002. The formed complex in organic phase was studied by the slope analysis method, which indicated that the complex was composed of Li-ion and 4′-actylbenzo-15-crown-5 by 1:1. The thermodynamic parameters of the 6 Li and 7 Li exchange reaction were calculated by data obtained on temperature during experiments, which explained that the exchange behavior of 6 Li and 7 Li in this system was a spontaneous exothermic reaction . In addition, this system was able to efficiently separate lithium isotopes at lower temperature.
研究领域:
化学
·
核科学与技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE BRAZILIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
·
2015
·Vol. 26
·期 6
·1098-1110
·
IF 1.129
Yao Hui,Lu Yang,Han Juan,Wang Yun,Yan Yongsheng
As a pretreatment technique to trace analysis, polyoxyethylene lauryl ether (POELE10)- salt aqueous two-phase extraction system (ATPES) is coupled with high performance liquid chromatography to analyse thiamphenicol (TAP) in egg, milk and honey. The analysis of the phase behaviors of the ATPES found that the extraction efficiency and enrichment factor of TAP was influenced by the types of salts, the concentration of salt, the concentration of POELE10, the concentration of 1-propanol and the temperature. The optimized conditions of experiment were determined in the multi-factor experiment by using response surface methodology. The extraction efficiency of TAP is up to 99.59% and the optimal values of enrichment factor of TAP was 27 under the optimized conditions. The limit of detection and the limit of quantification of TAP are 0.5 µg kg−1 and 1.5 µg kg−1, which meet the needs of determination of trace or ultratrace TAP in food.
研究领域:
食品科学
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分析化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）