Introduction Previously reported preparation methods of Ginkgo biloba leaf extract (EGBL) have mainly focused on the enrichment of flavonoid glycosides (FG) and terpene trilactones (TT), which led to the underutilization of G. biloba leaves (GBL). Objectives To make full use of GBL, in this study, a comprehensive optimization strategy for preparing EGBL by macroporous resin column chromatography was proposed and applied to enrich FG, TT, and shikimic acid (SA) from GBL. Methodology Initially, the static adsorption and desorption were executed to select suitable resin. Then, the influences of solution pH were investigated by the static and dynamic adsorption. Subsequently, eight process parameters were systematically investigated via a definitive screening design (DSD). After verification experiments, scale-up enrichment was carried out, investigating the feasibility of the developed strategy for application on an industrial scale. Results It was found that XDA1 was the most appropriate adsorbent for the preparation of EGBL at solution pH 2.0. Furthermore, based on the constraints of the desired quality attributes, the optimized ranges of operating parameters were successfully acquired, and the verification experiments demonstrated the accuracy and reliability of using DSD to investigate the chromatography process for the preparation of EGBL. Finally, magnified experiments were successfully performed, obtaining the EGBL containing 26.54% FG, 8.96% TT, and 10.70% SA, which reached the SA level of EGB761, an international standard EGBL. Conclusion The present study not only provided an efficient and convenient approach for the preparation of EGBL enriched in SA but also accelerated efforts to high-value utilization of GBL.
Fengnan Li,Isaac Duah Boateng,Simeng Chen,Xiao-Ming Yang,Desy Anggraini Soetanto,Weimin Liu
Although high temperature processing is a traditional physical processing method used to degrade ginkgolic acid (GA) in Ginkgo biloba L., it leads to loss of abundant bioactive compounds in G. biloba leaves (GBL) such as ginkgo flavonoids , ginkgolides, etc. Pulsed light (PL) is a prospective non-thermal technique that might be a possible solution to the above problem. In this research, the impact of PL and heating pretreatment on GA, ginkgolides and bilobalide, flavonoid profile, polyphenol oxidase (PPO) and peroxidase (POD), antioxidant capacity , and total phenolics content (TPC) of GBL was evaluated. Besides, an ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/orbitrap High-resolution mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS) was employed to gain insight into the degradation pathway of GA C13:0. The findings showed that fluences of 0.52 J/cm 2 for 300 s reduced GA by 19.94%, while heating at 180 °C for 300 s only reduced the GA by 7.04%. Moreover, the ginkgo flavonoids and terpene trilactones (bilobalide and ginkgolides A to C) in GBL were effectively retained after PL irradiation but significantly reduced by heating at 180 °C. Ginkgo leaves irradiated by PL for 200 s had the highest antioxidant capacity and TPC, while heating produced opposite results. Pulsed light and heating treatments significantly inactivated PPO and POD, but PL preserved color of leaves (lower total color change). UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HRMS results showed that PL irradiation degraded GA C13:0 by removing the hydroxyl or carboxyl group of the benzene ring. These findings demonstrate that PL treatment can improve quality of GBL, opening a broader way for its applications in food industry.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）