VACUUM
·
2021
·
IF 3.627
Zhaowang Dong,Xueyi Guo,Bin Yang,Heng Xiong,Wenlong Jiang
Lead sulfide (PbS) is the main component of galena. The traditional method used to prepare metal lead from galena is disadvantaged by high energy consumption and severe pollution. In this paper, an eco-friendly yet simple process is proposed to prepare high-purity metal lead directly from lead sulfide. According to thermodynamic calculation, lead sulfide can be decomposed into metal lead under vacuum. The pathway to decomposition is based on the reaction of 2PbS (s) = 2 Pb (l) + S 2 (g). Besides, an investigation was conducted into the impact of temperature and holding time on the quality of decomposition products and the purity of lead in residue. The investigative results show that the decomposition rate of lead sulfide reached its maximum at 1050 °C for 60 min, which is about 50%, and the purity of the lead in the residue reached 99.51%. When the temperature reached above 1100 °C and the holding time exceeded 40 min, the purity of lead reached as high as 99.81%, but the quality of the residue stayed low. This method contributes a fresh idea to the eco-friendly utilization and efficient purification of galena for preparing high-purity metal lead.
研究领域:
冶金学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
GREEN CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·Vol. 26
·期 5
·2763-2772
·
IF 9.3
Lei Guo,Shuaibo Gao,Zuojun Hu,Yongxin Wu,Fangzhao Pang,Huayi Yin,Dihua Wang
Green metal-electrode batteries call for the clean production of s-block metals. Herein, we developed an electrolysis–displacement–distillation (EDD) approach for producing s-block metals with low-carbon emissions and no chlorine gas evolution. The clean production stems from the choice of a molten NaCl–Na2CO3 electrolyte to prevent chlorine gas evolution, an inert nickel-based anode to produce oxygen, and a liquid metal cathode to make the cathodic product (e.g., Na–Sn) sit at the bottom of the electrolytic cell. Later, M–Sn (M = Li, Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba) alloys were successfully prepared by a displacement reaction between the Na–Sn alloy and molten NaCl–LiCl, NaCl–MgCl2, NaCl–CaCl2, NaCl–SrCl2, or NaCl–BaCl2 with a displacement efficiency of >96.0%. Furthermore, Li, Mg, Ca, Sr, and Ba metals were separated from M–Sn alloys using vacuum distillation with a separation rate of >95.0%. We achieved a current efficiency of 81.0% for the electrolytic production of 100 kg of a liquid Na–Sn alloy, which holds promise to produce s-block metals at a large scale.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Nano
·
2018
·
IF 13.709
Yongling An,Yuan Tian,Lijie Ci,Shenglin Xiong,Jinkui Feng,Yitai Qian
Potassium-ion batteries (KIBs) are considered favorable candidates for post-lithium-ion batteries, a quality attributed to their low cost, abundance as a resource, and high working potential (−2.93 V for K+/K). Owning to its relatively low potassiation potential and high theoretical capacity, antimony (Sb) is one of the most favorable anodes for KIBs. However, the large volume changes during K–Sb alloying and dealloying causes fast capacity degradation. In this report, nanoporous Sb (NP-Sb) is fabricated by an environmentally friendly vacuum-distillation method. The NP-Sb is formed via evaporating low-boiling-point zinc (Zn). The byproduct Zn can be recycled. It is further found that the morphology and porosity can be controlled by adjusting Zn–Sb composition and distillation temperature. The nanoporous structure can accommodate volume expansion and accelerate ion transport. The NP-Sb anode delivers an improved electrochemical performance. These results suggest that the vacuum-distillation method may provide a direction for the green, large-scale, and tunable fabrication of nanoporous materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 7.312
Zhaowang Dong,Zhentao Zhou,Heng Xiong,Bin Yang,Yongnian Dai
Jamesonite is a significant complex mineral containing antimony, lead, iron and other elements. At present, the traditional smelting method has high sulfur dioxide pollution and low metal recovery. This paper puts forward a method of treating jamesonite by vacuum distillation. The decomposition behavior of jamesonite (Pb 4 FeSb 6 S 14 ) in argon and 10 Pa, the volatilization of pure sulfides and the vacuum distillation behavior of jamesonite under 10 Pa were also studied. The separation of lead and antimony via two methods, namely multi-step condensation and one-step multi-stage condensation was developed. The results show that the initial decomposition temperature of jamesonite is higher than 600 °C in argon and about 500 °C at 10 Pa. The final decomposition products are antimony trisulfide, lead sulfide and ferrous sulfide. The decomposition temperature can be effectively reduced under negative pressure. Pure antimony sulfide volatilizes violently at 630 °C-760 °C, and pure lead sulfide sublimates violently at 887–1098 °C, respectively. The purity of antimony sulfide and lead sulfide obtained by multi-step condensation experiment is 99.12% and 98.74%, respectively. The purity of antimony sulfide and lead sulfide obtained by one-step multi-stage condensation is 98.12% and 89.26%, respectively. Zinc sulfide is also enriched by a multi-stage condensation, with a purity of 99.40%. This method can achieve the separation of Sb 2 S 3 and PbS directly from jamesonite, significantly reduce the production cost compared to the traditional process.
研究领域:
冶金学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Nano
·
2018
·
IF 13.709
Yongling An,Huifang Fei,Guifang Zeng,Lijie Ci,Shenglin Xiong,Jinkui Feng,Yitai Qian
Silicon is considered as one of the most favorable anode materials for next-generation lithium-ion batteries. Nanoporous silicon is synthesized via a green, facile, and controllable vacuum distillation method from the commercial Mg2Si alloy. Nanoporous silicon is formed by the evaporation of low boiling point Mg. In this method, the magnesium metal from the Mg2Si alloy can be recycled. The pore sizes of nanoporous silicon can be secured by adjusting the distillated temperature and time. The optimized nanoporous silicon (800 °C, 0.5 h) delivers a discharge capacity of 2034 mA h g–1 at 200 mA g–1 for 100 cycles, a cycling stability with more than 1180 mA h g–1 even after 400 cycles at 1000 mA g–1, and a rate capability of 855 mA h g–1 at 5000 mA g–1. The electrochemical properties might be ascribed to its porous structure, which may accommodate large volume change during the cycling process. These results suggest that the green, scalable, and controllable approach may offer a pathway for the commercialization of high-performance Si anodes. This method may also be extended to construct other nanoporous materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
·
2023
·Vol. 55
·期 1
·128-143
·
IF 3
Guo Lei,Yin Huayi,Gao Shuaibo,Wang Shiyu,Du Kaifa,Shi Hao,Wang Dihua
Potassium (K) cannot be produced by molten-salt electrolysis due to its high vapor pressure and erosion of the graphite anode by K. To overcome this problem, a liquid tin (Sn) electrode was employed to enable the electrolysis by accommodating K in the form of K-Sn alloy that can be separated into K gas and Sn by a following distillation approach. The so-called electrolysis-distillation (ED) approach was conducted in molten K 2 CO 3 -KCl along with a nickel (Ni)-based inert oxygen-evolution anode at 150 to 700 mA/cm 2 at 700 °C. The K-Sn alloys were obtained with a current efficiency of >70 pct at 350 mA/cm 2 without harmful chlorine gas (Cl 2 ) generation, and the chemical diffusion coefficient of K in liquid Sn is ~ 5.21×10 −5 cm 2 /s. Moreover, the Ni-based alloy inert anode was stably served for over 100 hours. The vacuum distillation was conducted at 650 °C for 90 minutes to obtain K metal with a purity of 99.99 pct and a recovery rate of 93.5 pct. Therefore, the ED approach developed here is an efficient and clean route to produce K metal.
研究领域:
无机化学
·
材料科学
·
冶金工程
·
电化学
·
能源化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 5.7
Cheng Wang,Lian Duan,Binwang Yang,Zhixiong Ye,Jianna Yu,Jiaxu Liu,Xiuqin Zheng,Qi Yang,Guoxin Jing,Wen Liu,Wenshan Li,Wenjie Liu
Herein, we develop a novel method using gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) with an ammonia dopant for the determination of volatile N-nitrosamines in meat products. The IMS system was implemented with Fourier deconvolution multiplexing to simultaneously improve the resolving power and sensitivity. The ammonia dopant mitigated the formation of N-nitrosamine dimer ions, suppressing the ionization of interferents and shifting the reactant peak from hydrated protons to hydrated ammonium ions. The ammonium adduct product ions of N-nitrosamines were confirmed using time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The instrument limits of detection and quantitation for nitrosamines were 0.78–1.79 and 2.60–5.82 ng/mL, respectively, with recoveries between 71.39% and 110.59% using a simple water distillation method. The developed method showed satisfactory performance when applied to the detection of nitrosamines in various meat products.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
食品科学
·
光谱学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）