JOURNAL OF FOOD PROTECTION
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2015
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IF 1.849
Ruiyu Zhu,Ting Yu,Shuanghuan Guo,Hao Hu,Xiaodong Zheng,Petr Karlovsky
The effect of a strain of marine yeast Rhodosporidium paludigenum on postharvest blue mold and patulin accumulation in apples and pears stored at 23°C was evaluated. The occurrence and severity of apple and pear decay caused by Penicillium expansum were significantly inhibited by R. paludigenum. However, the application of the yeast at a high concentration (10 8 cells per ml) enhanced patulin accumulation after 7 days of storage; the amount of patulin increased 24.2 times and 12.6 times compared to the controls in infected apples and pears, respectively. However, R. paludigenum reduced the patulin concentration in the growth medium by both biological degradation and physical adsorption. Optimal in vitro patulin reduction was observed at 30°C and at pH 6.0. R. paludigenum incubated at 28°C was tolerant to patulin at concentrations up to 100 mg/liter. In conclusion, R. paludigenum was able to control postharvest decay in apples and pears and to remove patulin in vitro effectively. However, because the yeast induced patulin accumulation in fruit, the assessment of mycotoxin content after biological treatments in postharvest decay control is important. R. paludigenum may also be a promising source of gene(s) and enzyme(s) for patulin degradation and may be a tool to decrease patulin contamination in commercial fruit-derived products.
研究领域:
食品科学
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微生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Food Bioscience
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2025
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IF 5.9
FeiFei Wang,Taizhi Shen,Changrong Cao,Shuo Shan,Juan Sun,Ruiyu Zhu
Penicillium expansum is a major pathogen critical for the blue mold decay and patulin production in various fruits and vegetables, particularly apples, creating an urgent need to identify safer and more effective compounds for its management. In this study, two pathogenic factors of P. expansum , PeBgl1 and PeSCP, were first time targeted for virtual screening with a database (a combination of TCM Database @ Taiwan and food ingredients database) containing 20,219 molecules, and octyl gallate (OG) was identified as a common candidate inhibitor with high binding energy. Therefore, we investigated the inhibitory impacts of OG against P. expansum and patulin production in vitro and in apples. It’s revealed that OG significantly inhibited the spore germination and mycelia growth by inducing oxidative stress and compromising cell membrane integrity, as well as restrained patulin biosynthesis via suppressing the expression level of patulin synthesis genes including patE, patL , and patK. Molecular docking and dynamics simulation indicated that OG could affect the stability and function of PeBgl1 and PeSCP mainly via Van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonds. qRT-PCR analysis further demonstrated that OG directly inhibited the expression of genes encoding for PeBgl1 and PeSCP. Finally, in vivo application of OG on apples demonstrated that OG can effectively trigger the defensive enzyme system of apples and control the blue mold decay caused by P. expansum . Overall, this study emphasizes the potential of OG as a promising natural compound for the management of blue mold decay and patulin production in the post-harvest fruits and vegetables.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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食品安全
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DOI
高影响因子
Microorganisms
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2021
·Vol. 9
·期 5
·969
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IF 4.128
Yi Li,Runan Zhao,Yan Li,Zhiqin Zhou
Penicillium italicum, the cause of citrus blue mold, is a pathogenic fungus that seriously affects the postharvest quality of citrus fruit and causes serious economic loss. In this study, a eugenol nanoemulsion containing limonin, an antimicrobial component from citrus seeds, was prepared using a high-pressure microfluidizer and the antifungal activity of the nanoemulsions againstP. italicumwas evaluated based on the conidial germination rate, mycelial growth, and scanning electron microscopy analysis. The results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration and the inhibition rate of limonin-loaded eugenol nanoemulsion was 160 μg/mL and 59.21%, respectively, which was more potent than that of the limonin-free eugenol emulsion. After treatment with the nanoemulsions, the integrity of theP. italicumcell membrane was disrupted, the cell morphology was abnormal, and the leakage of nucleic acid and protein was observed. In addition, the challenge test on citrus fruits revealed that the limonin-loaded eugenol emulsion inhibited citrus infection for longer periods, with an infection rate of 29.2% after 5 days. The current research shows that nanoemulsions containing limonin and eugenol have effective antifungal activity againstP. italicum, and may be used as a substitute for inhibiting blue mold in citrus fruits.Keywords:eugenol nanoemulsion;citrus blue mold;limonin;Penicillium Italicum;antifungal activity
研究领域:
植物病理学
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食品科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY
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2025
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IF 3.2
Luo Yuwei,Zhang Yonghua,Chen Xiumei,Che Jinxin,Tao Nengguo
AimsTo overcome the hydrophobicity and effumability restriction of the essential oil in practice, we aim to fabricate the (E)-2-octenal-β-cyclodextrin inclusion complex (O/β-CDIC) and investigate its encapsulation mechanism.Methods and ResultsThe O/β-CDIC was fabricated using saturated aqueous solution method combined with freeze-dried method. The encapsulation efficiency and loading content of O/β-CDIC were 45.61 ± 1.37% and 2.97 ± 0.08%. In vitro assays, the MIC (Minimum Inhibitory Concentration) and MFC (Minimum Fungicidal Concentration) of the O/β-CDIC were 2.00 and 8.00 mg·mL⁻¹ for P. italicum XX5 mycelial growth, respectively. In addition, the O/β-CDIC effectively reduced the incidence of blue mold in citrus fruit and maintained fruit quality. The detailed structure characterization combined with the molecular docking study, molecular electrostatic potential, and independent gradient model based on Hirshfeld analysis collectively demonstrated that (E)-2-octenal was entrapped successfully within the β-CD cavity.ConclusionsThe O/β-CDIC significantly enhanced the thermal stability and phase solubility of (E)-2-octenal while effectively preserving its antifungal activity. Characterization analyses confirmed the presence of non-covalent interactions between β-CD and (E)-2-octenal.
研究领域:
食品科学
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植物病理学
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化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD MICROBIOLOGY
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2024
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IF 5
Yanchi Liu,Lintao Zhao,Hongyang Chen,Zimao Ye,Long Guo,Zhiqin Zhou
The study prepared and used eugenol nanoemulsion loaded with nobiletin as fungistat to study its antifungal activity and potential mechanism of Penicillium italicum (P. italicum) . The results showed that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of eugenol nanoemulsion loaded with nobiletin (EGN) was lower than that of pure eugenol nanoemulsion (EG), which were 160 μg/mL and 320 μg/mL, respectively. At the same time, the mycelial growth inhibition rate of EGN nanoemulsion (54.68 %) was also higher than that of EG nanoemulsion (9.92 %). This indicates that EGN nanoemulsion is more effective than EG nanoemulsion. Compared with EG nanoemulsion, the treatment of EGN nanoemulsion caused more serious damage to the cell structure of P. italicum . At the same time, in vitro inoculation experiments found that EGN nanoemulsion has better control and delay the growth and reproduction of P. italicum in citrus fruits. And the results reflected that EGN nanoemulsion may be considered as potential resouces of natural antiseptic to inhibit blue mold disease of citrus fruits, because it has good antifungal activity.
研究领域:
药理学
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微生物学
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食品科学
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植物病理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 7
Yuwei Luo,Xin Chen,Jin Xin Che,Yonghua Zhang,Qiuli Ouyang,Nengguo Tao
Blue mold caused by Penicillium italicum is one of the most devastating postharvest diseases in Citrus fruit. This work aims to determine the antifungal potential of ( E )-2-octenal, a component of plant essential oil, on the mycelial growth and disease incidence of a prochloraz-resistant strain of P. italicum isolated from an orchard in Luxi, Hunan Province, China. An in vitro assay revealed that the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum fungicidal concentration (MFC) of ( E )-2-octenal were 0.25 and 0.50 mL L −1 , respectively. An in vivo assay showed that wax + 4 × MFC ( E )-2-octenal treatment could reduce the blue mold incidence in Ponkan fruit inoculated with P. italicum without impairing fruit quality. Scanning electron microscopy analysis illustrated that the mycelia of P. italicum were anomalously twisted and shrunken upon treatment with ( E )-2-octenal. The primary antifungal targets were attributed to the cell membrane instead of the cell wall based on propidium iodide and calcofluor white staining results. In addition, ( E )-2-octenal induced massive accumulation of reactive oxygen species in hyphae in a dose-dependent manner, leading to oxidative stress and dysfunction of energy and respiration metabolism. At the same time, the activities of phosphofructokinase (PFK) and pyruvate kinase (PK) were decreased in ( E )-2-octenal-treated samples. Taken together, our present study suggested that ( E )-2-octenal could exert its antifungal activity against P. italicum by damaging the function of mitochondria and may be a potential antifungal substance for an alternative to chemical fungicides.
研究领域:
植物科学
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微生物学
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食品科学
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植物病理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
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