Insects
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2025
·Vol. 16
·期 7
·716
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IF 2.9
Lei Li,Dongyin Han,Jing Zhao,Haiyan Qiu,Fangping Zhang,Zhengpei Ye,Yueguan Fu
Simple SummaryThe melon fly (Zeugodacus cucurbitae) is a pest that prefers to bore into and feed on cucurbitaceous crops and that pupates in the soil. The parasitoidSpalangia endiuscan burrow into the soil to attack melon fly pupae, but it only kills about 33% of them. Since insecticides are essential for controlling melon fly populations, we assessed how five commonly used insecticides affect the toxicity, survival, reproduction, choice-making behaviour, and parasitism ability ofS. endius. Our goal was to determine how to combine insecticides withS. endiusto more effectively control melon fly pupae. Through a series of laboratory and semi-field trials, we confirmed that abamectin is suitable for combined use withS. endius. However, we must be careful about the concentration and timing of abamectin application. The best approach is to spray abamectin on the soil surface before the melon flies pupate and then release the parasitoids.Spalangia endiusWalker, a pupal parasitoid of the alien invasive pestZeugodacus cucurbitae(Coquillett), causes 33% host mortality. This study assessed whether combiningS. endiuswith insecticides (abamectin, thiamethoxam, nitenpyram, emamectin benzoate, or beta-cypermethrin)—all effective againstZ. cucurbitae—could enhance control efficacy. Among these, abamectin was the least toxic to adultS. endius. Surface contact treatments with 12 and 15 mg a.i./kg of abamectin did not significantly increaseS. endiusmortality. However, mixing 12 mg a.i./kg of abamectin into a honey solution to encourage ingestion decreased the survival, parasitism, and fecundity ofS. endius. In olfactometer assays,S. endiusadults avoided abamectin-treated host pupae, though prior exposure to abamectin mitigated this avoidance. The timing of abamectin soil application relative to host pupation andS. endiusrelease affects host mortality. The most effective timing is spraying abamectin before host pupation (to exposeZ. cucurbitaelarvae) and then releasingS. endius. Field trials confirmed that combining abamectin (12 mg a.i./kg) withS. endiusincreased host mortality more than either treatment alone. In conclusion, abamectin (12 mg a.i./kg) is a suitable insecticide for combination withS. endiusto controlZ. cucurbitae.The application sequence should be spraying abamectin before hosts pupate and, only after that, releasing the parasitoid.
研究领域:
昆虫学
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生物防治
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害虫管理
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杀虫剂
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寄生性天敌
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
·
2019
·
IF 4.527
Gaofeng Cui,Haiqi Yuan,Zhiyan Jiang,Jing Zhang,Zhipeng Sun,Guohua Zhong
The widely distributed β-carboline alkaloids exhibit promising psychopharmacological and biochemical effects. Harmine, a natural β-carboline, can inhibit insect growth and development with unclear mechanisms. In this study, harmine (at 0-200 mg/L) showed a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on the pupal weight, length, height, pupation rate and eclosion rate of fruit flies Drosophila melanogaster , which was similar to the inhibition induced by the well-known botanical insect growth regulator azadirachtin . Moreover, the expression levels of major regulators from the developmental signaling network were down-regulated during the pupal stage except Numb , Fringe , Yorkie and Pten . The Notch, Wnt, Hedgehog and TGF-β pathways mainly played vital roles in coping with harmine exposure in pupae stage, while the Hippo, Hedgehog and TGF-β elements were involved in the sex differences. Notch , Hippo , Hedgehog , Dpp and Armadillo were proved to be suppressed in the developmental inhibition with fly mutants, while Numb and Punt were increased by harmine. In conclusion, harmine significantly inhibited the development of Drosophila by negatively affecting their developmental signaling network during different stages. Our results establish a preliminary understanding of the developmental signaling network subjected to botanical component-induced growth inhibition and lay the groundwork for further application.
研究领域:
昆虫学
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分子生物学
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发育生物学
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PubMed
高影响因子
ISME Journal
·
2021
·Vol. 15
·期 11
·3239-3257
·
IF 10.302
Zhang Jiao,Wang Fei,Yuan Bo,Yang Lei,Yang Yi,Fang Qi,Kuhn Jens H.,Song Qisheng,Ye Gongyin
We identified a 9332-nucleotide-long novel picornaviral genome sequence in the transcriptome of an agriculturally important parasitoid wasp ( Pachycrepoideus vindemmiae (Rondani, 1875)). The genome of the novel virus, Rondani’s wasp virus 1 (RoWV-1), contains two long open reading frames encoding a nonstructural and a structural protein, respectively, and is 3’-polyadenylated. Phylogenetic analyses firmly place RoWV-1 into the dicistrovirid genus Cripavirus . We detected RoWV-1 in various tissues and life stages of the parasitoid wasp, with the highest virus load measured in the larval digestive tract. We demonstrate that RoWV-1 is transmitted horizontally from infected to uninfected wasps but not vertically to wasp offspring. Comparison of several important biological parameters between the infected and uninfected wasps indicates that RoWV-1 does not have obvious detrimental effects on wasps. We further demonstrate that RoWV-1 also infects Drosophila melanogaster (Meigen, 1830), the hosts of the pupal ectoparasitoid wasps, and thereby increases its pupal developmental duration and fecundity, but decreases the eclosion rate. Together, these results suggest that RoWV-1 may have a potential benefit to the wasp by increasing not only the number of potential wasp hosts but also the developmental time of the hosts to ensure proper development of wasp offspring.
研究领域:
病毒学
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昆虫学
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分子生物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PLoS One
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2016
·Vol. 11
·期 6
·e0156555
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IF 3.057
Chunmei Xu,Zhengqun Zhang,Kaidi Cui,Yunhe Zhao,Jingkun Han,Feng Liu,Wei Mu
To better understand the sublethal effects of cyantraniliprole on the black cutworm Agrotis ipsilon (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), several studies were carried out to investigate sublethal effects on development stages, population parameters, feeding indices and nutrient content of A . ipsilon . The result of a bioassay showed that cyantraniliprole had high toxicity against A . ipsilon fourth-instar larvae with an LC 50 of 0.354 μg.g −1 using an artificial diet. Compared with controls, sublethal doses of cyantraniliprole at LC 5 , LC 20 and LC 40 levels prolonged larval and pupal duration and extended mean generation time and total preovipositional period. In addition, survival rate, reproductive value, intrinsic and finite rates of increase and net reproduction rate declined significantly. Meanwhile, cyantraniliprole had markedly antifeedant effects; decreased the relative growth rate (RGR), the relative consumption rate (RCR), the efficiency of conversion of ingested food (ECI), the efficiency of conversion of digested food (ECD); and increased the approximate digestibility (AD) significantly. This phenomenon contributed to the decrease of nutrient contents, including lipids, protein and carbohydrates, to the point that insufficient energy was available for normal growth. Therefore, sublethal concentrations of cyantraniliprole decreased growth speed and reduced population reproduction of A . ipsilon . This result provides information useful in integrated pest management (IPM) programs for A . ipsilon .
研究领域:
昆虫学
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害虫管理
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毒理学
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PubMed
高影响因子
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