Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2023
·Vol. 11
·期 37
·20011-20020
·
IF 11.9
Yangkai Sun,Dan Xu,Zijian He,Zihang Zhang,Liwu Fan,Shurong Wang
Pore modulation of carbon structures with low cost is of great importance for promoting the large-scale application of advanced supercapacitors. Herein, we innovatively propose a method for the directional preparation of hierarchical porous carbon materials using carbon aerogels assisted by mantis shrimp shells. The chitosan-based aerogel realizes self-assembly crosslinking in the mantis shrimp shell template possessing ordered pore arrays, with the template removed to obtain carbon materials with the corresponding pore structure after pre-carbonization, which is conducive to the full mixing of subsequent activators. The elimination of CaCO3 in the template and the further activation of carbon materials promote the formation of a porous structure. Thanks to the reasonable pore size distribution, high specific surface area and N/O doping of the carbon materials, a high specific capacitance of 401 F g−1 (0.5 A g−1) is achieved as an electrode material in a three-electrode system with 6 M KOH electrolyte. The pore distribution of the carbon materials at 0.5 and 0.8 nm enables the symmetric supercapacitors with the EMIMBF4 ionic liquid electrolyte to achieve an ultra-high energy density of 82.5 W h kg−1 (437.5 W kg−1). Further, the capacitance characteristics and ion diffusion rate are revealed in depth by Trasatti and Dunn's method as well as ion diffusion kinetic analysis. In addition, the transient distribution of electrolytes with different pore structures is simulated by COMSOL Multiphysics, which confirms that the hierarchical porous structure prepared with the assistance of mantis shrimp shells is more beneficial to the rapid diffusion of ions.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储
·
纳米技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 18.5
Binjie Zhang,Xianchang Peng,Zhengzhi Mu,Shichao Niu,Zhiwu Han,Luquan Ren
Mantis shrimps deliver one of the fastest strikes with their powerful dactyl clubs. The kinematic energy derived by a saddle storing and releasing mechanical energy with large deformation. As an exoskeleton, the toughness of saddles can achieve a remarkable value ≈15.28 ± 2.32 MJ m −3 , which exceeds most bulk natural materials. The excellent toughness of saddles is mainly attributed to the synergy of the helical mineralized fiber architectures and interlaminar fibrils. The interlaminar fibrils connect adjacent mineralized fiber layers closely, enhancing the toughness through viscoelastic deformation during sliding and separating of adjacent layers. They further cooperate with rigid interlacing fiber structure induced by helical structure to transform little normal strain to large shear strain utilizing incompressibility of soft fibrils further to enhance strain energy for toughening. Inspired by unique laminated saddles, the laminate composites are designed with basalt fabrics achieving remarkable fracture toughness to solve the problem of delamination in traditional laminate composites with poor interlaminar toughness. The Mode I and Mode II interlaminar fracture toughness of bio-inspired laminate composites respectively increase by 44% and 118% reaching 906.8 and 1394.6 J m −2 , which provides an innovative bionic strategy for designing new generation structural engineering materials with excellent mechanical properties.
研究领域:
仿生学
·
材料科学
·
生物力学
·
复合材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nature Communications
·
2024
·Vol. 15
·期 1
·1-10
·
IF 14.7
Wang Hongxing,Cheng Longdi,Yu Jianyong,Si Yang,Ding Bin
Ceramic aerogels are often used when thermal insulation materials are desired; however, they are still plagued by poor mechanical stability under thermal shock. Here, inspired by the dactyl clubs of mantis shrimp found in nature, which form by directed assembly into hierarchical, chiral and Bouligand (twisted plywood) structure exhibiting superior mechanical properties, we present a compositional and structural engineering strategy to develop strong, superelastic and fatigue resistance ceramic aerogels with chiral fibers array resembling Bouligand architecture. Benefiting from the stress dissipation, crack torsion and mechanical reinforcement of micro-/nano-scale Bouligand array, the tensile strength of these aerogels (170.38 MPa) is between one and two orders of magnitude greater than that of state-of-the-art nanofibrous aerogels. In addition, the developed aerogels feature low density and thermal conductivity, good compressive properties with rapid recovery from 80 % strain, and thermal stability up to 1200 °C, making them ideal for thermal insulation applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
机械工程
·
纳米技术
·
仿生学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Nature Photonics
·
2021
·Vol. 15
·期 11
·813-816
·
IF 38.771
Chen Xiaomei,Lu Wen-gao,Tang Jialun,Zhang Yongyou,Wang Yongtian,Scholes Gregory D.,Zhong Haizheng
Waveplates are widely used in photonics to control the polarization of light 1 , 2 . Often, they are fabricated from birefringent crystals that have different refractive indices along and normal to the crystal axis. Similar optical components are found in the natural world, including the eyes of mantis shrimp 3 , 4 and the iridescence of giant clams 5 , fish 6 and plants 7 . Optical retardation in biology relies on sophisticated self-assembly, whereas man-made systems comprise multiple-layered materials 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 . Here we report a discovery that bridges these two design principles. We observe wideband achromatic retardation in the visible and near-infrared (532–800 nm) regions for Cs 4 PbBr 6 perovskite crystals embedded with CsPbBr 3 nanocrystals. We explain our observations as matched dispersions of the refractive indices of the ordinary and extraordinary rays caused by the ordered embedding of the nanocrystals in the host. The wideband performance and ease of fabrication of these perovskite materials are attractive for future applications.
研究领域:
光子学
·
材料科学
·
光学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）