CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Jing Jiang,Xinwei Li,Kaiguang Yang,Wangyin Wang,Xupeng Cao,Can Li
Formate, which can be produced from CO 2 with green energy, has received increasing attentions as a carbon source for bioconversion. Microalgae have the native advantages of use captured light energy to facilitate the formate assimilation. However, the low efficient natural conversion and inhibition to the electron transfer chain obstacle its applications’ development. Here, using green microalga C. reinhardtii 21gr as the model, an approach to improve formate-based biomass and protein production was raised and verified through isotope labeling experiments, and the pathway of formate which presented in photosynthetic organisms was related to amino acids. By the enhancement of chloroplast glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (cGAPDH) expression, together with the adaptive laboratory evolution (ALE) over regular lethal dose of formate, the yields of the biomass and proteins were promoted with 34 % and 55 % to the wild type, respectively. Indicated by the photosynthetic activity variations, it was proposed that the balance of cellular energy and reduction power is necessary for microalgae to achieve high productivity with formate. Further investigated by proteomics, 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6-PGD) was identified as the key enzyme to formate and nitrogen’s co-assimilation.
研究领域:
植物学
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生物化学
·
遗传学
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DOI
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH
·
2025
·
IF 7.7
Zeliang Liu,Xuanlin Cao,Manli Wu,Wenjie Huang,Xia Dong,Xing Chen,Chun Zhang
Perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), an emerging alternative to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), has become increasingly prevalent in aquatic ecosystems, yet its ecotoxicological impacts remain poorly understood. This study investigated the aquatic toxicity of PFBA using the freshwater algae Chlorella vulgaris ( C . vulgaris ) as a model organism, employing a 96h pre-exposure assay to determine the median effective concentration followed by acute toxicity experiments analyzing multiple endpoints including growth, photosynthetic parameters, oxidative stress markers, and antioxidant enzyme activities. Computer simulation techniques were utilized to illustrate the underlying molecular mechanisms of PFBA toxicity. The results showed that the 96h-EC 50 value of PFBA was 154.88 mg/L, which is comparable to conventional per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS). Acute toxicity experiments revealed a biphasic dose-response relationship to the algal growth with the hormetic effects at the lower concentrations (30.97–92.93 mg/L) but inhibition at the higher levels (123.91–185.86 mg/L) of PFBA. High dosages of PFBA significantly decreased the maximum photosynthetic yield (Fv/Fm) and relative electron transfer rate (rETR), while inducing oxidative stress and inhibiting superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) activities. Future AlphaFold2 modeling and molecular docking simulations demonstrated the potential binding of PFBA to photosystem II D1 C-terminal processing protease (PSII D1 protein), SOD, and CAT. These findings reveal a complex toxicity mechanism of PFBA on C . vulgaris involving photosynthetic disruption, oxidative stress, and antioxidant system impairment, contributing to the understanding of short-chain PFAS alternative ecotoxicity in aquatic ecosystems.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
毒理学
·
分子生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
·
2020
·
IF 4.872
Sijie Wei,Jun Cao,Xinyue Ma,Jie Ping,Chao Zhang,Tan Ke,Yurui Zhang,Yue Tao,Lanzhou Chen
Microalgae have been used for the removal of heavy metals or synthetic organics; however, the simultaneous removal of both types of compounds is always technically difficult. In this study, a green algae , Chlamydomonas reinhardtii , was first used to simultaneously remove hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] and o-nitrophenol (ONP), and the balance among biomass, oxidative damage and removal rate was also investigated. The results showed that treatment with Cr(VI) or ONP decreased the photosynthetic and superoxide dismutase activities and increased the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and malondialdehyde content. However, combined treatment with Cr(VI) (≤4 mg/L) and ONP (≤15 mg/L) significantly decreased ROS generation and alleviated cell damage in C. reinhardtii . In addition, the removal rates of Cr(VI) and ONP by C. reinhardtii cells significantly increased from 37.4% to 54.9% and from 35.8% to 45.9%, respectively, and the cells could be reused at least four times. Moreover, the increased acidity in the medium and Cr(VI) reductase content in C. reinhardtii caused Cr(VI) to be reduced to Cr(III). The addition of an exogenous antioxidant decreased the removal rates of Cr(VI) and ONP. These results indicated that the presence of Cr(VI) could induce ROS generation in C. reinhardtii and enhance ONP degradation, which consumed ROS, alleviated cell damage, and thus benefited Cr(VI) reduction. As a result, C. reinhardtii could be used as a theoretical candidate for the simultaneous removal of combined Cr(VI) and ONP contamination.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
微生物学
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DOI
高影响因子
Chemical Engineering and Processing-Process Intensification
·
2025
·
IF 3.9
Juxiang Chen,Sitong Lin,Chong Ruan,Lin Liu,Shangye Yang
The proliferation of sulfonamide antibiotics (SAs) in aquatic ecosystems poses a severe threat to environmental integrity and human well-being. This research employs an acclimation strategy using Chlorella pyrenoidosas to enhance the photo-sensitized degradation efficacy of sulfamethoxazole (SMX) and sulfisoxazole (SIZ). The acclimated Chlorella exhibits remarkable degradation capabilities, with improvements of approximately 9.7 times for SMX and 4.2 times for SIZ, respectively, compared to non-acclimated strains. These improvements are linked to increased growth rates, higher chlorophyll levels, enhanced extracellular organic matter (EOM) production, and elevated antioxidant enzyme activities. The enhanced performance is attributed to refined enzymatic and metabolic processes promoting photosynthesis, energy conversion, and the degradation of SAs. Through response surface methodology, this approach is refined to achieve optimal water remediation results, attaining a degradation rate of 78.04 %. The EOM content increases by up to 68.33 %, while growth rates improve by 1.06 to 1.14 times, indicating superior tolerance. A biphasic response to antibiotic concentrations is also observed, where low concentrations facilitate degradation while high concentrations have an inhibitory effect. This characteristic is reflected by significant increases in antioxidant enzyme activities, particularly in the case of glutathione reductase (GR) and catalase (CAT) at concentrations below 1 mg/L.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
微生物学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 11.3
Zhilin Zhao,Xiaoying Zheng,Yue Li,Zongshuo Han,Yu Tang,Tianxing Hu,Tao Lin
Microplastics (MPs) and perfluorobutanoic acid (PFBA), emerging contaminants, are ubiquitous in the environment and toxic to organisms. The interaction of MPs with other contaminants can affect their toxicity. However, the impact of MPs on PFBA toxicity remains unknown. This research investigated the individual and combined impacts of polystyrene microplastics (PS) and PFBA to Chlorella sorokiniana based on cellular responses and transcriptome analyses. Results showed that both PS and PFBA induced excessive ROS generation, causing cell membrane damage and photosynthesis inhibition, ultimately inhibiting Chlorella sorokiniana growth. The highest inhibition was observed for small particle size PS, with a maximum inhibition rate of 15.98 ± 1.24 % (3PS group). Notably, the combined toxicity of PFBA and PS exhibited antagonism, which was attributed to PFBA adsorption and PS hetero-aggregation via massive EPS secretion, resulting in decreased PS and PFBA bioavailability. Transcriptomic analysis elucidated that EPS secretion was promoted owing to the up-regulation of carbohydrate, amino acid, and energy metabolism (carbon fixation, oxidative phosphorylation, and TCA cycle). Enhanced EPS secretion, ABC transport, and antioxidant response alleviated PS and PFBA toxicity. Our findings offer valuable data for the joint ecotoxicity of PFASs and MPs, contributing to environmental risk assessment of co-pollution.
研究领域:
环境科学
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毒理学
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分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2018
·
IF 4.61
Haifeng Qian,Jiahui Xu,Tao Lu,Qi Zhang,Qian Qu,Zhaopeng Yang,Xiangliang Pan
Linoleic acid (LA), is the product of secondary metabolism secreted from Microcystis aeruginosa , and it exhibits allelopathic activity against eukaryotic algae. However, information about on the mechanisms associated with the inhibition of algal activity by LA is limited. In this study, Chlorella pyrenoidosa was treated with LA (20–120 μg L −1 ) for 4 days, and its growth inhibition and physiological responses were examined for potential toxic mechanisms. The photosynthetic efficiency of C. pyrenoidosa was inhibited by LA treatments, and the F v /F m parameter decreased significantly compared to that of controls; however, the photosynthetic pigment content did not change significantly. Peroxidase activity was enhanced, relieving oxidative damage in algae after LA treatments. However, superoxide dismutase and catalase were suppressed, ultimately leading to the aggravation of lipid peroxidation. Transcriptome-based gene expression analysis revealed that the 120 μg L −1 LA treatment significantly inhibited the transcription of genes related to photosynthesis, carbon metabolism, and amino acid metabolism in C. pyrenoidosa , suggesting that these genes might be key LA targets in C. pyrenoidosa . Moreover, the expression of genes involved in vitamin, lipid, nitrogen cycling, terpenoid, and ascorbate metabolism was also affected, suggesting that LA inhibits algal cell growth through multiple pathways. The identification of LA-responsive genes in C. pyrenoidosa provides new insight into LA stress responses in eukaryotic algae.
研究领域:
植物学
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生态学
·
分子生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
AQUACULTURE NUTRITION
·
2025
·Vol. 2025
·期 1
·6665220
·
IF 3.9
Shiping Yang,Leyuan Feng,Junliang Luo,Jichang Jian,Shuanghu Cai,Huiling Liu
Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is an essential component in regulating oxidative stress. Sulforaphane (SFN) is a natural antioxidant and gene Nrf2 agonist that can increase the antioxidant capacity of the organism and reduce oxidative stress. However, research on the repair of oxidative stress damage by SFN in aquatic animals remains extremely scarce. In order to further explore the function and role of SFN in the repair of oxidative stress injury in aquatic animals, this study took Litopenaeus vannamei as the research object. We established an oxidative stress model of L. vannamei through 6% oxidized fish oil (OFO) feeding. Methods, such as RNA interference (RNAi), qPCR, histopathological analysis, and TUNEL assay, were used to detect the changes in the oxidative stress status of L. vannamei . The results showed that the expression of Nrf2 in the hepatopancreas of L. vannamei in the double-stranded RNA (dsRNA)- Nrf2 + SFN group was significantly higher than that in the dsRNA- Nrf2 group and control group at 24 h ( p < 0.05). The transcription levels of antioxidant and autophagy genes in the SFN group were significantly higher than those in the control group ( p < 0.05), and the expression of related genes in the dsRNA- Nrf2 + SFN group was also higher than that in the dsRNA- Nrf2 group. Histopathology showed that Nrf2 knockdown would aggravate hepatopancreatic apoptosis and vacuolation, while SFN treatment after Nrf2 knockdown could alleviate hepatopancreatic injury and apoptosis caused by OFO. The results indicated that SFN could repair the oxidative stress injury of L. vannamei induced by OFO by activating Nrf2 . This study investigated the role of SFN in alleviating and repairing the oxidative stress damage in L. vannamei caused by OFO, aiming to provide a theoretical basis for the research on the antioxidant effect of SFN and the regulation of the antioxidant capacity of shrimp.
研究领域:
海洋生物学
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水产养殖
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分子生物学
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毒理学
·
药理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2025
·
IF 8.2
Min Zhou,Ruru Xiong,Xuanxuan Wang,Huishuang Li,Lijuan Wang,Guixia Ling,Peng Zhang
Hyperpigmentation (HP) is mainly triggered by ultraviolet irradiation or local inflammation, and the free radicals generated by these two factors are the core inducers of various skin diseases. This study proposes a multipathway and highly efficient treatment strategy for melanin deposition. A microneedle (MN) system based on hydrolyzed collagen (HC) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) was designed to precisely deliver Chlamydomonas reinhardtii (C. reinhardtii) and potassium 4-MSK (C.r&4-MSK-MN) to skin tissues. C. reinhardtii contains unique antioxidant components such as arsenoproteins, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and algal polysaccharides, which distinguish it from other microalgae like Chlorella. In vitro free radical scavenging experiments show that at a concentration of 1 × 109 cells/mL, C. reinhardtii exhibits scavenging rates of 89.26%, 101.44%, and 103.57% against DPPH·, ABTS·+, and ·OH radicals, respectively. In addition, potassium 4-methoxysalicylate (4-MSK) can inhibit tyrosinase activity and promote skin metabolism. Therefore, C.r&4-MSK-MN has the following advantages: on one hand, C.r&4-MSK-MN successfully breaks through the skin barrier, directly delivering C. reinhardtii cells to the target site to scavenge free radicals and reduce the stimuli for melanin production. On the other hand, 4-MSK inhibits tyrosinase activity to reduce melanin synthesis and, at the same time, promotes skin metabolism to reduce melanin deposition on the skin surface, achieving multipathway reduction of melanin deposition. Experimental results showed that in animal models, C.r&4-MSK-MN significantly reduces the epidermal thickness of rats and substantially decreases melanin production. This research outcome not only provides a new strategy for the treatment of melanin deposition but also confirms that microalgae have potential application prospects in the fields of skin care (such as whitening and antiaging) and cosmeceuticals.
研究领域:
皮肤病学
·
药剂学
·
生物技术
·
化妆品科学
·
纳米医学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2021
·
IF 3.978
Zhikang Deng,Jinyao Zhu,Lie Yang,Zulin Zhang,Bolin Li,Ling Xia,Li Wu
The widespread use of neonicotinoid pesticides has caused environmental threat that has attracted scientific concern. This study developed a microalgae fuel cells (MFCs) with Chlorella sp. as the cathode synergistically enhanced the removal of imidacloprid (IMI). The MFCs were operated at open-circuit and closed-circuit. Under closed-circuit condition (with an external load), 57.20–61.66% of IMI (10–50 mg/L) was removed within 12 days. However, only 39.66–42.66% was removed in the open-circuit (without an external load). Additionally, a voltage of 200 mV was also detected in the closed-circuit MFCs, indicating the green bioenergy was produced during the degradation of IMI. Cyclic voltammetry revealed that the cathodic electroactivity was higher with the addition of IMI. Biomass accumulation (indicated by chlorophyll and dry cell weight) were significantly enhanced by IMI. On the 12th day, there was no difference in MDA content between the different IMI concentration (10–50 mg/L), while a significantly upregulated superoxide dismutase (SOD) of each group was also found at the same time. Six intermediates were detected and five major degradation pathways were proposed. Based on the identified products and microalgae growth, the degradation products of IMI were less toxic /non-toxic than IMI. Considering the efficient removal of IMI and energy production, the MFCs could be a promising technique for controlling IMI contamination by effective detoxification.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
生物技术
·
电化学
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
WATER RESEARCH
·
2024
·
IF 11.4
Xin Qi,Jing-Yu Qin,Shaoguo Ru,Jiu-Qiang Xiong
Microalgae-based biotechnology is one of the most promising alternatives to conventional methods for the removal of antibiotic contaminants from diverse water matrices. However, current knowledge regarding the biochemical mechanisms and catabolic enzymes involved in microalgal biodegradation of antibiotics is scant, which limits the development of enhancement strategies to increase their engineering feasibility. In this study, we investigated the removal dynamics of amphenicols (chloramphenicol, thiamphenicol, and florfenicol), which are widely used in aquaculture, by Chlamydomonas reinhardtii under different growth modes (autotrophy, heterotrophy, and mixotrophy). We found C. reinhardtii removed >92 % chloramphenicol (CLP) in mixotrophic conditions. Intriguingly, gamma-glutamyl hydrolase (GGH) in C. reinhardtii was most significantly upregulated according to the comparative proteomics, and we demonstrated that GGH can directly bind to CLP at the Pro77 site to induce acetylation of the hydroxyl group at C3 position, which generated CLP 3-acetate. This identified role of microalgal GGH is mechanistically distinct from that of animal counterparts. Our results provide a valuable enzyme toolbox for biocatalysis and reveal a new enzymatic function of microalgal GGH. As proof of concept, we also analyzed the occurrence of these three amphenicols and their degradation intermediate worldwide, which showed a frequent distribution of the investigated chemicals at a global scale. This study describes a novel catalytic enzyme to improve the engineering feasibility of microalgae-based biotechnologies. It also raises issues regarding the different microalgal enzymatic transformations of emerging contaminants because these enzymes might function differently from their counterparts in animals.
研究领域:
环境生物技术
·
生物化学
·
微生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT
·
2025
·
IF 8.4
Limei Xu,Zining Wang,Hanyu Zhang,Aoxue Sun,Gaoxiang Zhou,Ruixue Jiang,Tiantian Chen,Yong Wang,Xiaochen Li
So far, potential chronic risks of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) on organisms remain largely unknown, especially molecular-level alterations at the environmentally relevant concentrations. In this study, Chlamydomonas reinhardtii ( C. reinhardtii ) is used as the model organism to investigate chronic toxic effects of 100 μg/L and 50 mg/L AgNPs for 120 d. Physiological studies showed that AgNPs attached on cell surface and internalized into algal cells, inducing the increase in cell permeability, the decline in cell size and granularity, the damage in photosynthetic systems, and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The damage in photosynthetic systems was reflected in the decline in the photosynthetic activity ( F v / F m ), photosynthetic efficiency ( F v / F 0 ), and fluorescence intensities of Peridinin-Chlorophyll Protein Complex and Allophycocyanin. C. reinhardtii attempted to increase the absorption (ABS/RC), dissipation (Dl 0 /RC) and trapping (TR 0 /RC) of light energy for adapting AgNPs stress. In addition, the accumulation of glutathione (GSH), ascorbate (ASC), and the irreversible cell apoptosis was observed in 50 mg/L AgNPs group. Transcriptomics showed that most of genes involved in photosynthetic systems (e.g. photo-oxidation, light harvesting, and chlorophyll synthesis) were down regulated, providing evidence for chloroplast as the main target of AgNPs toxicity. The up-regulation of some genes, involved in ASC and aldarate metabolism, and GSH metabolism, showed self-adaptive capacity of C. reinhardtii to eliminate ROS under long-term exposure to AgNPs. Phagocytosis and endocytosis were the main pathways of the internalization of AgNPs. This study provided valuable data for potential chronic risks of nanoparticles in aquatic environment.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
毒理学
·
分子生物学
·
水生生态学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 12.2
Zhilin Zhao,Xiaoying Zheng,Zongshuo Han,Yue Li,Haidong He,Tao Lin,Hang Xu
Microplastics (MPs) commonly coexist with other contaminants and alter their toxicity. Perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), an emerging pollutant, may interact with MPs but remain largely unknown about the joint toxicity of PFOA and MPs. Hence, this research explored the single and joint effects of PFOA and polystyrene microplastics (PS-MPs) on microalgae ( Chlorella sorokiniana ) at the cellular and molecular levels. Results demonstrated that PS-MPs increased PFOA bioavailability by altering cell membrane permeability, thus aggravating biotoxicity (synergistic effect). Meanwhile, the defense mechanisms (antioxidant system modulation and extracellular polymeric substances secretion) of Chlorella sorokiniana were activated to alleviate toxicity. Additionally, transcriptomic analysis illustrated that co-exposure had more differential expression genes (DEGs; 4379 DEGs) than single-exposure (PFOA: 2533 DEGs; PS-MPs: 492 DEGs), which were mainly distributed in the GO terms associated with the membrane composition and antioxidant system. The molecular regulatory network further revealed that PS-MPs and PFOA primarily regulated the response mechanisms of Chlorella sorokiniana by altering the ribosome biogenesis, photosynthesis, citrate cycle, oxidative stress , and antioxidant system (antioxidant enzyme, glutathione-ascorbate cycle). These findings elucidated that PS-MPs enhanced the effect of PFOA, providing new insights into the influences of MPs and PFOA on algae and the risk assessment of multiple contaminants. Environmental implication MPs and PFAS, emerging contaminants , are difficult to degrade and pose a non-negligible threat to organisms. Co-pollution of MPs and PFAS is ubiquitous in the aquatic environment, while risks of co-existence to organisms remain unknown. The present study revealed the toxicity and defense mechanisms of microalgae exposure to PS-MPs and PFOA from cellular and molecular levels. According to biochemical and transcriptomic analyses, PS-MPs increased PFOA bioavailability and enhanced the effect of PFOA on Chlorella sorokiniana , showing a synergistic effect. This research provides a basis for assessing the eco-environmental risks of MPs and PFAS.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
毒理学
·
分子生物学
·
生态学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）