MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
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2023
·
IF 4.8
Ye Lin,Lingfen Yang,Ying Ma,Jianshan Ye
l -glutamate ( l -Glu) is the basic unit for the synthesis of protein, metabolic substances and chlorophyll, and plays an important role in the carbon and nitrogen metabolism in plants. The in vivo monitoring of l -Glu level is of great significance to study the growth and development of plants. Although a variety of methods have been reported for the in vitro determination of l -Glu, there are very limited research focused on the determination of l -Glu in plants. Here we firstly report a simple method to construct a minitype glutamate sensor for in vivo monitoring of l -glutamate in cucumber. The minitype graphite rod electrode (GRE) allows its application for in vivo monitoring, and modification of Pt nanoparticles (PtNPs) and poly ( m -phenylenediamine) film (PMPD) significantly improves the sensitivity and anti-interference ability, and immobilization of the glutamate oxidase (GluOx) could effectively catalyze the l -Glu into a detectable H 2 O 2 . The resulting l -Glu sensor exhibits a good performance in terms of high sensitivity, good selectivity and excellent stability with a linear range of 2–550 μM and limit of detection (LOD) as low as 0.536 μM. More importantly, the as-developed sensor was successfully applied for the determination of l -Glu in cucumber juice and the in vivo monitoring of l -Glu level in cucumber fruit. We envision that the constructed sensor will show great potentials for studying the growth mechanisms of plants.
研究领域:
植物学
·
分析化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Biosensors-Basel
·
2023
·Vol. 13
·期 12
·1023
·
IF 5.4
Ting Cai,Keshuai Shang,Xiaolei Wang,Xiaoyan Qi,Ruijun Liu,Xia Wang
Glutamate, a non-essential amino acid produced by fermentation, plays a significant role in disease diagnosis and food safety. It is important to enable the real-time monitoring of glutamate concentration for human health and nutrition. Due to the challenges in directly performing electrochemical oxidation–reduction reactions of glutamate, this study leverages the synergistic effect of glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH) and nanoporous gold (NPG) to achieve the indirect and accurate detection of glutamate within the range of 50 to 700 μM by measuring the generated quantity of NADH during the enzymatic reaction. The proposed biosensor demonstrates remarkable performance characteristics, including a detection sensitivity of 1.95 μA mM−1and a limit of detection (LOD) of 6.82 μM. The anti-interference tests indicate an average recognition error ranging from −3.85% to +2.60%, spiked sample recovery rates between 95% and 105%, and a relative standard deviation (RSD) of less than 4.97% for three replicate experiments. Therefore, the GLDH-NPG/GCE biosensor presented in this work exhibits excellent accuracy and repeatability, providing a novel alternative for rapid glutamate detection. This research contributes significantly to enhancing the precise monitoring of glutamate concentration, thereby offering more effective guidance and control for human health and nutrition.Keywords:electrochemical detection;biosensor;glutamate dehydrogenase;nanostructured porous gold;glutamate
研究领域:
分析化学
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生物化学
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生物医学工程
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食品科学
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医疗诊断
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
eLife
·
2025
·
IF 0
Yi Li,Long Gong,Jing Wu,Wesley Hung,Mei Zhen,Shangbang Gao
Resistance to anthelmintics, particularly the macrocyclic lactone ivermectin (IVM), presents a substantial global challenge for parasite control. We found that the functional loss of an evolutionarily conserved E3 ubiquitin ligase, UBR-1, leads to IVM resistance in Caenorhabditis elegans. Multiple IVM-inhibiting activities, including viability, body size, pharyngeal pumping, and locomotion, were significantly ameliorated in various ubr-1 mutants. Interestingly, exogenous application of glutamate induces IVM resistance in wild-type animals. The sensitivity of all IVM-affected phenotypes of ubr-1 is restored by eliminating proteins associated with glutamate metabolism or signaling: GOT-1, a transaminase that converts aspartate to glutamate, and EAT-4, a vesicular glutamate transporter. We demonstrated that IVM-targeted GluCls (glutamate-gated chloride channels) are downregulated and that the IVM-mediated inhibition of serotonin-activated pharynx Ca2+ activity is diminished in ubr-1. Additionally, enhancing glutamate uptake in ubr-1 mutants through ceftriaxone completely restored their IVM sensitivity. Therefore, UBR-1 deficiency-mediated aberrant glutamate signaling leads to ivermectin resistance in C. elegans.
研究领域:
寄生虫学
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分子生物学
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药理学
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DOI
PubMed
CHEMISTRY LETTERS
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2015
·Vol. 44
·期 4
·471-473
·
IF 1.23
Sun Jiadi,Meng Long,Zhu Ye,Cui Yan,Liu Xiaoya
Herein, gels composed of nanoscaled particles were obtained via one-step self-assembly of poly(γ-glutamic acid) (γ-PGA) and folic acid (FA). The outcomes show that the amount of added FA plays a crucial role in the liquid–gel transition. The resulting gels revealed an increase in both storage modulus (G′) and loss modulus (G′′) with increasing amount of FA. This paper describes an effective and promising strategy to prepare gels based on self-assembly of copolymers or particles in an organic medium.
研究领域:
材料科学
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生物化学
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DOI
高影响因子
Catalysis Science & Technology
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 12
·4057-4065
·
IF 6.177
Huichao Lin,Yang Liu,Chonghui Yang,Gaozhen Zhao,Jiaao Song,Taiyi Zhang,Xiaowen Huang
Artificial photosynthesis (APS) is an effective way to convert solar energy into chemical energy by simulating the natural photosynthesis system. Currently, APS plays an important role in the regeneration of coenzymes and synthesis of organic matter. Nevertheless, the photocatalytic materials and oxidoreductases used in most bulk reactors are simply distributed in the reaction solution, which results in problems such as poor stability, high price and they cannot be reused. Moreover, the photocatalytic system also has a certain influence on the catalytic activity of oxidoreductase. In this work, we report an efficient and stable microfluidic artificial photosynthetic system for reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) regeneration and L-glutamate synthesis under visible light. We fabricate glass capillary and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic reactors, followed by immobilization of few-layer g-C3N4 and glutamate dehydrogenase in light and dark reactions zones, respectively. The system possesses advantages over the traditional method in terms of its high efficiency, low cost, and sustainability. The experimental results show that the NADH regeneration rate of the system reached 56.03%, the maximum production rate of L-glutamate was 98.3%, and the reaction conversion rate of immobilized glutamate dehydrogenase still reaches 53.2% after ten times of reuse. All these results prove that our system is applicable for synthesizing high value-added compounds by simulating the natural photosynthesis system, which may be a new feasible scheme to alleviate the energy and food crisis.
研究领域:
化学工程
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生物技术
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材料科学
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环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 6.751
Jiali Yang,Tengfei Wang,Jianbing Di,Yaping Liu,Yu Wang
Recent progress showed the potential of glutamate to regulate stress responses by affecting phytohormones homeostasis , but much remains to be explored. To decipher the role of ethylene in glutamate-induced resistance to Alternaria alternata , ethephon application, ethylene perception inhibitor (1-MCP) experiment and ethylene measurement were pursued. Concurrently, temporal alteration in ethylene biosynthesis and signaling pathways were transcriptionally analyzed in tomato fruit. Our data exhibited that ethylene conferred tomato fruit susceptibility rather than resistance to Alternaria alternata . The enhanced resistance in glutamate treatment was related to decreased ethylene production during the early stages of interaction, accompanied by lower expression levels of SlACS1 , SlACS2 and SlACO1 relative to the control. Interestingly, 1-MCP induced amounts of resistance similar to that observed in glutamate treatment, while ethylene receptors ( SlETR3 and SlETR4 ), mitogen-activated protein kinase SlMPK3 and ethylene response factor SlERF1 were down-regulated by glutamate during infection. Collectively, antagonizing the ethylene biosynthesis or signaling might play a pivotal role in glutamate-induced resistance to the necrotrophic pathogen Alternaria alternata .
研究领域:
植物学
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植物病理学
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分子生物学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2021
·
IF 5.279
Zhihua Nie,Pi Liu,Yu Wang,Xuan Guo,Zijian Tan,Jie Shen,Zijing Tang,Jianping Lin,Jibin Sun,Ping Zheng,Leilei Zhu
Mechanosensitive amino acid exporters have drawn increasing attention due to their important roles in extracellular accumulation of the target amino acids. Protein engineering is a powerful approach to tailor the properties of amino acid exporters and illustrate structure–function relationships. Here we report the first protein engineering effort on the mechanosensitive glutamate exporter MscCG2 from Corynebacterium glutamicum for improved excretion efficiency of glutamate and understanding of the structure–function relationship. MscCG2 was engineered through directed evolution and computer-assisted design with a coupled assay in microtiter plate format. Improved MscCG2 variants were identified with up to 2.5-fold increase in the level of glutamate excretion in the early stage of fermentation and 1.5-fold in the late stage of fermentation under experimental conditions. Furthermore, the identified variants exhibited enhanced efflux of 4-fluoroglutamate (4-FG), an analog of glutamate. Structure analysis employing homology modeling and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation reveal that identified amino acid substitutions enlarge the size of the seven portals on the equator of MscCG2 and expand the narrowest rim of its inner channel, respectively. This study demonstrates the great potential of protein engineering in improving the secretion efficiency of exporters for enhanced bioproduction.
研究领域:
生物技术
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蛋白质工程
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分子生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
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2013
·Vol. 14
·期 12
·23751-23761
·
IF 2.464
Jun Xiang,Yugang Jiang
Our present study aimed to determine the antiepileptic activity of matrine, and explore the possible molecular mechanism. To evaluate the antiepileptic activity of matrine, seizures in mice induced by PTZ and MES were established, then the pentobarbital sodium-induced anaesthetizing time and locomotor activity tests in mice were also carried out. For the molecular mechanism investigations, contents of aspartic acid (Asp), gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), glutamic acid (Glu), glycine (Gly) in seizures mice were determined; then, the chronic seizures rats induced by PTZ were prepared, and western blotting was used to determine the expressions of GAD 65, GABAAand GABABin the brains. In the results, matrine showed significant antiepileptic effects on seizures mice induced by MES and PTZ. Moreover, the pentobarbital sodium-induced anaesthetizing time and locomotor activity tests were also demonstrated that matrine had obvious antiepileptic effects. Additionally, our results revealed that after treatment with matrine, contents of GABA can be elevated, and the contents of Glu were obviously decreased. Furthermore, western blotting revealed that the mechanism regarding the antiepileptic effect of may be related to the up-regulations of GAD 65 and GABAAin the brain. Collectively, we suggested that matrine can be developed as an effective antiseptic drug.Keywords:antiepileptic;matrine;gamma-aminobutyric acid;glutamic acid
研究领域:
药理学
·
神经科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences
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2017
·
IF 0
Yang Ou,Zhao-hui Tang,Lu Sun,Hai-yang Yu,Jia Li,Mei-hui Zhao,Hui Xu
Combretastatin A4 (CA4) possesses varying ability to cause vascular disruption in tumors, while the short half-life, low water solubility and deactivation of many CA4 analogs during storage limited its antitumor efficacy and drug stability. A novel macromolecular conjugate of CA4 (CA4-PL) was synthesized by covalent bonding of CA4 onto poly( L -glutamic acid)-graft-polyethylene glycol (PLG-g-PEG) via Yamaguchi reaction. The obtained CA4-PL was characterized by 1 H NMR, GPC, and UV methods, and the properties of the nanoparticles composed of CA4-PL, including critical aggregation concentration, size and size distribution, and morphology, were investigated. CA4-PL can self-assemble to form micelle-like nanoparticles of 80~120 nm in diameter, which may have potential to improve the blood circulation period as well as the targetability of CA4, and find applications to treat various tumors when combined with traditional chemotherapy or radio therapy.
研究领域:
药剂学
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肿瘤学
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生物材料学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
Coatings
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 10
·1433
·
IF 3.236
Zhiyuan Pang,Hongzhou Zhang,Yue Ma,Dawei Song,Xixi Shi,Lianqi Zhang,Yong Zhou
Binders play a very important part in electrodes, as they closely bind active materials, conductive agents, and current collectors together. The application of binders is critical to the electrochemical performance of Li-S batteries. Herein, a series of studies on sulfur cathodes with different binders is carried out. Compared to traditional polyvinylidene fluoride, γ-polyglutamic acid (γ-PGA) is rich in polar functional groups (amino and carboxyl groups), and the shuttle effect of lithium polysulfide can thereby be inhibited due to the secondary bond between the functional groups and polysulfide. Furthermore, the integrity of the cathode during electrochemical processes can be maintained with a γ-PGA binder. After assembly with a Li anode, a capacity retention of 62.5% is maintained after 100 cycles, which is much higher than that of batteries with traditional binders such as polyvinylidene fluoride (53.9%), polyvinylpyrrolidone (52.8%), sodium carboxymethylcellulose (40.7%), and polyacrylonitrile (51.5%).Keywords:lithium–sulfur battery;sulfur cathode;binders;polyglutamic acid
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
能源存储
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Thermal Science and Engineering Progress
·
2023
·
IF 4.8
Shuai Guo,Guoliang Qi,Jialiang Gao,Deng Zhao,Kaixin Chen,Chenchen Zhao,Xingcan Li,Guangyu Li
Pyrolysis is an effective method for safely disposing of sewage sludge via conversion into a usable energy source. However, municipal sludge has a high protein content, which is a major source of NO x precursors. This study investigated the effect of CaO on NO x precursor formation during glutamate pyrolysis and demonstrated that CaO occupies the carbo x yl site of glutamic acid at 320 °C, which delays its decomposition and promotes the conversion of glutamic acid from a five- to a si x -membered ring. At 400 °C, heterocyclic nitrogen in the tar peaked from 4.87 to 53.87% after adding CaO. As the temperature increases to 480 °C, CaO might promote the conversion of heterocyclic nitrogen into tricyclic piperazine dione in the tar, which subsequently decomposed to produce HCN in large quantities. At 480 °C, CaO contributed to the decrease in pyrrole, pyridine, and quaternary nitrogen in the semi-coke from 24.81%, 12.93%, and 7.43% to 1.91%, 5.97%, and 1.43%, respectively and promoted HCN hydrolysis to form NH 3 . At 480–680 °C, CaO interacted with NH 3 to form CaCN 2 . The product of CaC x N y decomposition—CaC x —captured NH 3 . At high temperatures, CaO inhibited HCN release, which might be related to the reaction between CaO and HCN to form CaC x N y , subsequently reconverted into CaO at temperatures above 680 °C. These findings provide novel insights into the influence of CaO on amino acid pyrolysis to produce NO x precursors and the regulation of NO x precursor production.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
能源与燃料
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Communications Biology
·
2023
·Vol. 6
·期 1
·1-12
·
IF 5.9
Wang You-Yuan,Zhen Cheng,Hu Wei,Huang Hui-Huang,Li Yan-Jun,Zhou Ming-Ju,Li Jing,Fu Yu-Long,Zhang Peng,Li Xiao-Yu,Yang Tao,Song Jin-Wen,Fan Xing,Zou Jun,Meng Si-Run,Qin Ya-Qin,Jiao Yan-Mei,Xu Ruonan,Zhang Ji-Yuan,Zhou Chun-Bao,Yuan Jin-Hong,Huang Lei,Shi Ming,Cheng Liang,Wang Fu-Sheng,Zhang Chao
CD8 + T cells are essential for long-lasting HIV-1 control and have been harnessed to develop therapeutic and preventive approaches for people living with HIV-1 (PLWH). HIV-1 infection induces marked metabolic alterations. However, it is unclear whether these changes affect the anti-HIV function of CD8 + T cells. Here, we show that PLWH exhibit higher levels of plasma glutamate than healthy controls. In PLWH, glutamate levels positively correlate with HIV-1 reservoir and negatively correlate with the anti-HIV function of CD8 + T cells. Single-cell metabolic modeling reveals glutamate metabolism is surprisingly robust in virtual memory CD8 + T cells (TVM). We further confirmed that glutamate inhibits TVM cells function via the mTORC1 pathway in vitro. Our findings reveal an association between metabolic plasticity and CD8 + T cell-mediated HIV control, suggesting that glutamate metabolism can be exploited as a therapeutic target for the reversion of anti-HIV CD8 + T cell function in PLWH.
研究领域:
免疫学
·
病毒学
·
代谢学
·
HIV/AIDS研究
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）