Chemistry-An Asian Journal
·
2018
·Vol. 13
·期 15
·1932-1940
·
IF 3.692
Nianming Jiao,Yanqiang Zhang,Hao Li,Long Liu,Suojiang Zhang
Graphical Yes, it is rocket science ! Both the cations and the anions of hypergolic ionic liquids, [bis(imidazolyl)–BH 2 ] + [bis(triazolyl)–BH 2 ] − (see figure), were functionalized with B−H groups and azoles, which play the roles of ‘hypergolic triggers’ and ‘regulators’, respectively. These ionic liquids show great promise as sustainable rocket fuels. [Bis(imidazolyl)–BH 2 ] + [bis(triazolyl)–BH 2 ] − and [bis(imidazolyl)–BH 2 ] + [tris(triazolyl)–BH] − were synthesized, the cations and anions of which were functionalized with B−H groups and azoles. As B−H groups contribute to the hypergolic activity and azole groups improve the energy output, the resulting ionic liquids exhibited ignition delay times as low as 20 ms and energy outputs as high as 461.1 kJ mol −1 . In addition, densities (1.07–1.22 g cm −3 ) and density-specific impulse (≈360 s g cm −3 ) values reached a relatively high level. These ionic liquids show great promise as sustainable rocket fuels.
研究领域:
化学
·
材料科学
·
航天工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
·
2024
·
IF 5.3
Tianhao Xie,Yuan Yao,Xiaofang Yang,Long Liu,Peihao Dou,Yanqiang Zhang
Hypergolic ionic liquids are a new type of liquid propellants, and the energy density is critical to propulsion performance. We propose to combine cage structures with tensile rings to design and synthesize new ionic liquid molecules. Cycloalkane-substituted 1-aza-bicyclo[2.2.2]octane and 1,4-diazabicyclo[2.2.2]octane-like ionic liquids were synthesized using dicyanamide root as an anion, and their structure and properties were determined. The obtained ionic liquids possess higher energy density up to 1.87 kJ·mL −1 . The three-membered ring substituent can increase the energy density of ionic liquids by 79.8 % and reduce the ignition delay time by 52.5 % than that of straight-chain alkanes. This work provides an important basis for the design and synthesis of the new type of hypergolic ionic liquids.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
·
航天推进技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY & FUELS
·
2023
·
IF 5.3
Lihan Fei,Mengxiao Qin,Zuohua Huang,Chenglong Tang
The hypergolic ignition behaviors of three ionic liquids [BMIm][DCA], [EMIm][DCA], and [EMIm][CDB] reacting with white fuming nitric acid (WFNA) were investigated using the drop test approach. Two high-speed cameras with/without a long-distance microscope and a time-resolved infrared camera were used to simultaneously record the hypergolic ignition process and the reaction region temperature evolution. Results showed two distinct hypergolic ignition modes. Specifically, for [BMIm][DCA] and [EMIm][DCA], some “vapor smoke” is generated after the fuel droplet contacts the WFNA pool, followed by sudden ejection of liquids induced by microexplosion. The measured temperature in the observation window is found to first increase, then decrease, and rise again. For [EMIm][CDB], no microexplosion is observed and the temperature monotonically increases before hypergolic ignition. It is inferred that microexplosion is caused by sufficient accumulation of gaseous intermediates or products underneath the liquid surface, and the monotonic or nonmonotonic increasing temperature is a characteristic of ignition modes. A conceptual model is proposed to illustrate the two ignition modes. In addition, the droplet impact velocity (U0) was varied from 1.1 to 2.1 m/s in the experiment. It is found that the vapor delay time (VDT), explosion delay time (EDT), and ignition delay time (IDT) are all reduced with U0 by at most 50%. For a given U0, the three time scales decrease in the order [BMIm][DCA], [EMIm][DCA], and [EMIm][CDB] (IDT as low as 14.4 ms).
研究领域:
化学工程
·
燃料化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
·
2022
·
IF 3.841
Xue Li,Jun Wu,Tianjiao Hou,Hongping Li,Lei Wang,Jing Ding,Hui Wan,Guofeng Guan
As a new generation of potential rocket fuel, hypergolic ionic liquids, especially boron-containing hypergolic ionic liquids, have emerged as attractive alternatives for unsymmetrical dimethylhydrazine (UDMH). Herein, a series of bis(1H-1,2,3-triazole-1-yl) dihydroborate (BTDB) hypergolic ionic liquids were successfully synthesized, which had a melting point below -60 °C, high density ranging from 1.134 g/cm 3 to 1.173 g/cm 3 , and superior density-specific impulse from 374.2 to 386.5 s g/cm 3 . In particular, 1,3-diallyl-1H-imidazol-3-ium bis(1H-1,2,3-triazole-1-yl) dihydroborate owned an ignition-delay time of 36 ms and the enthalpy of formation about 1.78 kJ/g, exhibiting that it was a good potential for the rocket fuels.
研究领域:
化学
·
材料科学
·
航空航天工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）