JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
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2022
·
IF 5.582
Yimou Fu,Tenghao Yin,Shaoxing Qu,Wei Yang
A defect in soft materials expands rapidly under a critical hydrostatic tension, causing cavitation or fracture. The mechanical properties of the material and the size of the defect have decisive influence on the failure mechanism. As different modes of material failure, the transition between cavitation and fracture is still elusive. Combining the Griffith's fracture criterion and finite deformation theory, we hereby obtained the critical initial defect size of cavitation/fracture transition. In the experiments, a cavitation rheology device was built to measure the failure mode of polyacrylamide hydrogels by inserting needles with various sizes. By observing the surface roughness and measuring critical expansion pressure of the bubble, we verified that the transition size is controlled by fractocohesive length Γ / W f , which can be orders of magnitude smaller than elasto-adhesive length Γ / E . The present work reveals the transition mechanism between cavitation and fracture, quantifies the transition size, and provides a promising route to predict the failure behaviors of highly stretchable materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物力学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE MECHANICS AND PHYSICS OF SOLIDS
·
2019
·
IF 4.087
Yimou Fu,Haotian Lu,Guodong Nian,Peng Wang,Nan Lin,Xiaocheng Hu,Haofei Zhou,Honghui Yu,Shaoxing Qu,Wei Yang
High-rate loading induced cavitation of soft materials, including brain and muscle, has increasingly been studied due to its importance in a variety of biomedical applications , such as potential impact-related traumatic brain injury and high-intensity focused ultrasound therapy. The size of cavitation nuclei or defects is crucial to the onset of cavitation. However, it remains challenging to introduce gaseous defects with controllable size into soft materials and to understand the underlying mechanism of impact-bubble interaction in soft materials. Here, we set up a drop-tower system to perform impact loading tests on gelatin samples with controllable monodispersed microbubbles, allowing us to mimic the general cavitation behavior of human tissues. The microbubbles are inserted into the soft matrix as cavitation nuclei by taking advantage of microfluidic flow focusing. A high-speed camera paired with a signal acquisition system is utilized to determine the critical pressure at which cavitation initiates for different defect sizes . Meanwhile, we propose a theoretical model based on surface tension to predict the time-dependent spherically symmetric cavitation of a pre-existing gas bubble in elastomers under high-speed loading. Our experiments and theoretical modeling demonstrate the strong effect of gas-filled defects on cavitation and indicate the necessity and significance of controlling defect size in mimicking targeted organs using soft gels. Our work provides a promising route to predict cavitation-induced injury in tissues with variable materials stiffness and initial defect size.
研究领域:
生物力学
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医学工程
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMISTRY-A EUROPEAN JOURNAL
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2016
·Vol. 22
·期 24
·8096-8104
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IF 5.771
Hang-Xing Wang,Ze Yang,Zhong-Guo Liu,Jia-Yun Wan,Juan Xiao,Hao-Li Zhang
Graphical Bright side of soft materials : A facile approach for the preparation of a new fluorescent soft material, which relies on directly heating an aqueous mixture of citric acid and cysteine at low temperature in air (see figure), is reported. Highly fluorescent and biocompatible soft materials are desirable for many potential applications, but their synthetic processes are somehow complicated. Herein, we have explored the feasibility of synthesis of unconventional fluorescence soft materials from small organic molecules under mild conditions. A new blue-fluorescent soft material with high quantum yield (89.6 %) and eutectic feature prepared by simple heat treatment of citric acid (CA) and cysteine (Cys) aqueous mixtures below 100 °C in air was reported. The as-prepared fluorescent material has the features of facile preparation, low cost, scalable production and easy to process, making it suitable for applications like fluorescent labeling and light-emitting devices. This new finding opens a new venue for the preparation of fluorescent soft materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
·
有机化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 5.1
Erqiang Du,Mengke Li,Binbin Xu,Yingxin Zhang,Zibiao Li,Xiaohui Yu,Xiaoshan Fan
Multifunctional bottlebrush polymer supersoft materials are highly desirable for the development of next-generation flexible electronic devices. Herein, we report a facile strategy for the fabrication of bottlebrush polymer supersoft materials integrated with self-healing and adhesive functionalities. These are achieved by the first fabrication of the bottlebrush poly(n-butyl acrylate) (PnBA) via combining atom transfer radical polymerization with ring-opening metathesis polymerization and subsequent formation of dynamically cross-linked networks via “click” thiol-bromo reaction between Br end groups of PnBA side chains and dithiol-containing boronic ester cross-linker. Owing to the unique architecture and the reversible boron ester bonds, the unique bottlebrush architecture and fast bond-reforming kinetics of boron ester bonds impart the resultant materials with supersoftness with a shear modulus as low as 5 kPa and high self-healing efficiency over 90%. Moreover, owing to the extremely low glass transition temperature of PnBA segments, they also display strong adhesiveness to many substrates. The as-prepared strain sensors show an excellent ability to detect a large range of strains from an ultralow strain of 0.1% to a large strain of 100%. This work has provided a facile and promising approach to the development of multifunctional supersoft materials, which hold great potential as functional sensors for flexible electronics.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
·
柔性电子学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCES
·
2024
·
IF 7.1
Congshan Liu,Yangkun Du,Kecheng Li,Chaofeng Lü
Surface morphological instability, induced by geometric incompatibility, is ubiquitous in nature and plays a pivotal role in maintaining specific biological functions in organs. In this study, we experimentally reveal that geometric incompatibility effectively regulates the morphological instability of bilayer tubes. Building upon these experimental findings, we develop a theoretical model to elucidate the underlying mechanical mechanism of the observed morphological instability. Theoretical analysis demonstrates that by manipulating geometric incompatibility, various patterns including circumferential, two-dimensional (2D), and axial patterns can be generated in bilayer tubes. Specifically, as the axial geometric incompatibility parameter increases, the instability pattern transitions from the circumferential pattern to the 2D pattern and eventually to the axial pattern. Furthermore, we conduct a series of quantitative experiments and finite element simulations to validate our theoretical model. Both the numerical simulations and experimental observations show excellent agreement with our theoretical predictions, demonstrating that linear stability analysis can be employed not only to predict wrinkles but also to determine the number of creases in tubular soft materials roughly. This study significantly advances our understanding of the morphological instability of geometrically incompatible bilayer tubular tissues and provides valuable insights for the fabrication of morphology-related multifunctional surfaces.
研究领域:
生物力学
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材料科学
·
理论建模
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Additive Manufacturing
·
2023
·
IF 11
Yang Li,Qijiang Mao,Kailei Xu,Huayong Yang,Yong Huang,Jun Yin
Support bath-assisted additive manufacturing has been extensively employed in constructing 3D complex soft biomaterials by extrusion- or inkjet-based printing. However, the conventional support bath (i.e., slurry of gelatin microparticles used in freeform reversible embedding of suspended hydrogels and nanoclay) can only provide static in-situ support to the deposited constructs, which is not feasible for vat photopolymerization printing since the printed constructs are mobile during the printing process. A dynamic support bath assisted vat photopolymerization printing method using yield stress fluid (YSF) is proposed in this study, which enables the dynamic accompanying supporting for the printing structures. As the moving platform rises continually, the YSF bioink was elevated with the cured construct near the curing region and remaining in a solid-like state to provide support against gravity and surface tension. While the YSF bioink was in a liquid-like state, due to the atmospheric pressure difference during the rising of moving platform, the YSF bioink can flow to fill up the vacuum and ensure continuous forming. Thus, this printing method achieved the vat photopolymerization printing of extremely soft cell-laden bioinks (Young’s modulus of 4.3 KPa) into 3D complex constructs with excellent biological functionality.
研究领域:
生物制造
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材料科学
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生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Polymer Chemistry
·
2018
·Vol. 9
·期 19
·2617-2624
·
IF 4.927
Jianyu Xu,Ziwen Fan,Lijie Duan,Guanghui Gao
For hydrogels, toughness and adhesiveness are contradictable. However, the simultaneous requirement for both is very urgent in some practical applications, such as robotic joints, wound dressing, and surgical bandages. Herein, milk casein as a protein model was introduced into polyacrylamide (PAAm) hydrogel, which resulted in adequate adhesiveness and mechanical strength. Surprisingly, casein-PAAm hydrogel could repeatedly adhere to the surface of various solid materials and biological tissues by possible physical interactions. A maximum peeling force of 378 N m−1 for casein-PAAm hydrogel on an aluminum surface was measured. Moreover, casein-PAAm hydrogel exhibited adequate mechanical performance with fracture stress of 180 kPa at fracture strain of 2000%. Therefore, the strategy based on tough and adhesive hydrogels assisted by protein would broaden the direction to fabricate a new generation of soft materials with multiple adhesive properties and tough mechanical properties.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOLIDS AND STRUCTURES
·
2021
·
IF 3.9
Yimou Fu,Xiaocheng Hu,Yide Liu,Peng Wang,Shuo Chen,Haofei Zhou,Honghui Yu,Shaoxing Qu,Wei Yang
Cavitation in soft materials attracts many attentions due to its importance for a range of biomedical problems and applications, such as cavitation-induced traumatic brain injury, high-intensity focused ultrasound lithotripsy, and the treatment of tumors. However, existing studies are mainly focused on the deformation behavior of a single bubble. The dynamic configuration and the failure process of multiple bubble interactions, which are significantly different from those of a single bubble, remain largely unknown. Here, we performed experimental and analytical studies to investigate the impact-induced interactions of bubbles in soft materials, where bubbles of controllable size and spacing were introduced with the aid of a highly efficient rheology modifier, namely carbomer. A drop tower system paired with a high-speed camera was utilized to conduct impact tests and concurrently visualize the evolution of the bubble configuration. A theoretical model containing pressure radiated by bubbles is proposed to predict the spherically symmetric deformation of multi-bubble interactions, as well as the inhibition between bubbles during deformation. A combination of energy-based strength theory and finite element analysis is used to reveal the squeeze and coalescence mechanisms of the bubbles. The failure of soft material is shown to depend on stress triaxiality ; in particular, the material can rupture at unloading and under a stress lower than the historic maximum. A phase diagram was drawn to predict the critical impact loads for bubble coalescence at different conditions. Our work provides a promising clue to the understandings for the interactions and coalescence behavior of bubbles those ubiquitously exist in natural and artificial soft materials.
研究领域:
生物医学工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Nature Synthesis
·
2025
·
IF 20
Xia Neng,Jin Dongdong,Yang Zhengxin,Pan Chengfeng,Su Lin,Zhang Moqiu,Wang Xin,Xu Zirong,Guo Zichang,Pan Longyu,Sun Xiaohao,Ma Xing,Wang Liu,Zhang Li
Reconfigurable 3D surfaces found in nature are inspiring for advancing technologies in smart materials, soft robotics and precision medicine. Although ferromagnetic soft materials enable the dynamic and reversible regulation of 3D shape transformation, challenges lie in the programming of ferromagnetic domains to design 3D curved surfaces, because previous methods based on optimization models or machine learning incur a computational burden. Here we report the template-free, inverse programming of hard-magnetic domains embedded in a soft material. This method can trigger shape morphing into 3D curved surfaces under the actuation of a magnetic field. A ferromagnetic hydrogel resin and photodosage-based printing method are developed to prepare a ferromagnetic soft material with controllable distribution of crosslinking densities, resulting in heterogeneous swelling upon solvent stimulation to transform the soft material into a designed 3D morphological shape. By applying a strong pulsed magnetic field followed by recovery to the initial 2D configuration, the ferromagnetic soft material is programmed with a 3D magnetization profile. An inverse design algorithm is used to flatten the 3D surface into a 2D pattern with programmed crosslinking densities, serving as the exposure guidance for photodosage-based printing of the ferromagnetic soft material.
研究领域:
智能材料
·
软体机器人
·
精密医学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Extreme Mechanics Letters
·
2024
·
IF 4.3
Qingxian Li,Xiaodong Wan,Ziyi Xu,Yunfeng He,Qiqi Xue,Canhui Yang
Stretchable adhesion is crucial for the implementation of soft materials but the debonding resistance of current stretchable adhesives is low due to the limited volume of fracture process zone. Herein, we propose a strategy to achieve stretchable adhesion with high debonding resistance by invoking large-scale bridging through programming structural heterogeneities. We lay out stiff segments of high bending stiffness in a soft matrix such that the soft segments function as stretchable bridges to provide the overall stretchability and the stiff segments function as rigid islands to provoke the large-scale bridging mechanism. We verify the principle by fabricating heterogeneous adhesives using poly(butyl acrylate- co -isobornyl acrylate) as the soft segment and polymethyl methacrylate as the stiff segment. We optimize the debonding resistance by tunning the stiff segment length to the saturated size of the bridging zone and obtain an enhancement of 13 times compared to the all-soft adhesives. As a proof-of-concept, we demonstrate a stretchable light strip and a stretchable bandage for notch repair. Engineering structural heterogeneities provides an alternative means to design stretchable adhesion with high debonding resistance.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Materials
·
2022
·Vol. 15
·期 4
·1412
·
IF 3.748
Jingyuan Bai,Xuejiao Wang,Meilin Zhang,Jin Zhang,Xiaolin Chen,Yanan An,Renguo Guan
Novel porous magnetic soft materials (pMSMs) based on a poly (vinyl alcohol) (PVA) porous matrix filled with CuNi nanoparticles (NPs) of around 70 nm were synthesized. Initially, magnetic CuNi NPs were fabricated by the reduction of Ni and Cu ions with hydrazine hydrate in ethylene glycol medium in the absence of other capping agents. The pMSMs are subsequently fabricated by mixing CuNi NPs and PVA through freezing-drying process. The as-obtained pMSMs can respond to a magnetic field, i.e., the compressive modulus increase under a magnetic field of 0.23 T. The experimental results indicate that CuNi NPs can easily move to form chain-like structures under the application of a magnetic field. A combination of direct observation and finite element modeling has shown that under the influence of a magnetic field, chain-like aggregates of CuNi NPs lead to self-reinforcement of the pMSMs and, thus, to the increased compressive modulus. From a technological point of view, these materials with good magnetic responsiveness and moderate mechanical strength have potential applications in artificial muscle, soft actuators and drug release, to name a few.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
力学
·
纳米技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2023
·
IF 9.5
Tianhong Wu,Shiqing Huang,Xing Feng,Xiaogang Liu,Tony D. James,Xiaolong Sun,Xuhong Qian
In this research, we developed a photoluminescent platform using amine-coupled fluorophores, generated from a single conjugate acceptor containing bis-vinylogous thioesters. Based on the experimental and computational results, the fluorescence turn-on mechanism was proposed to be charge separated induced energy radiative transition for the amine-coupled fluorophore, while the sulfur-containing precursor was not fluorescent since the energy internal conversion occurred through vibrational 2RS– (R represents alkyl groups) as energy acceptor(s). Further utilizing the conjugate acceptor, we establish a new fluorogenic approach via a highly cross-linked soft material to selectively detect cysteine under neutral aqueous conditions. Turn-on fluorescence emission and macroscopic degradation occurred in the presence of cysteine as the stimuli, which can be visually tracked due to the generation of an optical indicator and the cleavage of linkers within the matrix. Furthermore, a novel drug delivery system was constructed, achieving controlled release of sulfhydryl drug (6-mercaptopurine) which was tracked by photoluminescence and high-performance liquid chromatography. The photoluminescent molecules developed herein are suitable for visualizing polymeric degradation, making them suitable for additional “smart” material applications.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
材料科学
·
药物递送
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）