CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
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2019
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IF 3.372
Sultan Ahmed Khoso,Fei Lyu,Xiangsong Meng,Yuehua Hu,Wei Sun
Pyrite depression in xanthate flotation of multiple sulphide minerals has become a serious problem in every mineral industry. The present study introduces a novel and non-hazardous depressant reagent scheme in selective flotation of chalcopyrite from pyrite with sodium butyl xanthate (SBX) as the collector. The combined inhibitory effect of an organic polymer, tricarboxylate sodium starch (TCSS), and calcium oxide (CaO) depressed the flotation of pyrite more strongly than that of the chalcopyrite in a wide pH range of 7–12. The synergistic effect of CaO and TCSS achieved an improved selective flotation separation of chalcopyrite from pyrite at low alkaline pH of 9, for which the recovery of chalcopyrite was over 80% and that of pyrite was less than 19%. The IR spectral, XPS spectral, UV–vis spectral and zeta potential measurements indicated that the surface of pyrite adsorbed significantly more amount of CaO and TCSS than that of the chalcopyrite. The dissolved calcium species preferentially adsorbed on the pyrite surface decreasing its negative charge and promoting TCSS adsorption. The findings of this research are of great significance in reducing the consumption of larger doses of lime in conventional Cu–Fe flotation circuits of the copper industry.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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2024
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IF 7.4
Fan Feng,Siqing Liu,Shuming Wen,Guang Han,Qicheng Feng
In flotation, the separation and concentration of copper-iron sulfide ores are usually carried out at high alkalinity to depress pyrite, and plenty of lime could block the flotation pipeline and affect the recovery of precious metals during practical operation. Herein, the current research hotspot to achieve the separation of copper-iron sulfide ores under low alkalinity. This paper presented an eco-friendly reagent, quercetin, for the flotation separation of chalcopyrite and pyrite, and investigated the effect on the flotation performance of the two minerals. The interaction mechanism of quercetin with mineral was demonstrated using zeta potential measurements, atomic force microscopy (AFM), surface adsorption measurements, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS). The flotation results showed that the depressive effect of quercetin on pyrite was more pronounced in comparison to its impact on chalcopyrite at pH 8.0, and the chalcopyrite recovery reached 90 %, whereas that of pyrite was under 10 %. The surface analysis revealed quercetin chemisorption on the mineral surface through interaction with metal sites. In the presence of quercetin, the quercetin significantly diminished the ability of pyrite to adsorb xanthan but had minor effects on the adsorption of chalcopyrite.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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表面化学
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环境科学
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高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2021
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IF 4.539
Xun Wang,Jie Liu,Yimin Zhu,Yuexin Han
At present, it is still a difficulty to separate chalcopyrite from pyrite due to the similar electrochemical properties of the two minerals, which would dilute the grade of copper concentrates and affect the follow process. In this paper, polypropylene carboxylic acid (PCA) was used as an environmentally friendly depressant to efficiently separate pyrite from chalcopyrite, and the separation performance was evaluated by micro-flotation experiments. The results of the flotation experiments showed that PCA could selectively depress the flotation of pyrite rather than that of chalcopyrite when using SBX as the collector, and the optimum separation performance was realized at the reagent scheme of 60 mg/L PCA and 15 mg/L SBX when pH was 8.16. Meanwhile, the selective depression mechanism of PCA on the two minerals was also investigated via a series of surface analyses. The analyzed results indicated that PCA could be chemisorbed on pyrite surface via the Fe sites and impede the further adsorption of SBX, which would intensively enhance the hydrophilicity of pyrite and make it sink into the tailing products even in the presence of SBX. However, the adsorption of PCA on chalcopyrite surface was very weak and SBX could still be chemisorbed on chalcopyrite surface even the chalcopyrite was pre-conditioned with PCA. Therefore, PCA could be selected as the potential depressant for the efficient separation of chalcopyrite from pyrite.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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环境科学
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DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED POWDER TECHNOLOGY
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2024
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IF 4.2
Huifang Yang,Xiaoyu Cao,Jihui Luo,Jianxian Zeng,Xiaoping Huang,Jianrong Xue,Sheng Liu
In this study, an eco-friendly compound, carrageenan, was employed as a depressant for the selective separation of chalcopyrite and pyrite. The depressant performance and mechanism were comprehensively investigated. The results of the flotation experiments demonstrated that carrageenan exhibited selective depression towards pyrite as opposed to chalcopyrite, achieving flotation recoveries of 88.57 % for chalcopyrite and 9.57 % for pyrite with the combination of 2 × 10 -5 mol/L SIBX and 20 mg/L carrageenan. The results of AFM and contact angle measurements revealed that carrageenan exhibited selective adsorption on pyrite surface, resulting in an enhancement in surface hydrophilicity. In contrast, the adsorption of carrageenan on chalcopyrite surface was found to be negligible. Zeta potential and XPS analyses further confirmed the chemisorption of carrageenan on the pyrite surface, indicating the reaction involving sulfuric acid and hydroxyl groups on carrageenan and Fe sites on pyrite. Therefore, carrageenan holds potential as a promising depressant for the selective separation of chalcopyrite from pyrite.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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表面化学
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DOI
高影响因子
MINERALS ENGINEERING
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2022
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IF 5.479
Sihui Wu,Jianjun Wang,Liming Tao,Ruihua Fan,Cong Wang,Wei Sun,Zhiyong Gao
In the flotation separation of chalcopyrite and pyrite, the commonly used high-lime process often causes problems such as losses of precious metals, blockage in pipelines and environmental pollution. In this study, acetylacetone (AA) was used as a novel collector to separate chalcopyrite from pyrite without adding limes. The flotation results indicate that AA can selectively separate chalcopyrite from pyrite without depressants at pH 9.0. Flotation kinetics and entrainment calculations show that compared with potassium ethyl xanthate (KEX), AA reduces pyrite entrainment and produces the concentrate with a higher Cu grade and a higher separation efficiency. Solution chemistry calculations show that enolate (AAE - ) and ketone (AAK) are the dominant species of AA at pH 9.0. Contact angle measurements, zeta potential measurements and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis indicate that the dominant species of AA chemically adsorb onto chalcopyrite surfaces at pH 9.0 while the adsorption on pyrite is minimal. Density functional theory (DFT) analysis reveals that the Fe atoms on chalcopyrite are the active sites interacting with AA to form six-membered ring complexes. The selective adsorption of AA relies on the spatial distribution and reactivity of Fe atoms on the commonly exposed cleavage surfaces of chalcopyrite and pyrite. After surface relaxation, a layer of Fe atoms appears on the outermost layer of chalcopyrite (1 1 2) surface, which is beneficial for the adsorption of AA species while a layer of S atoms for pyrite (1 0 0) surface. The Fe (III) on chalcopyrite (1 1 2) surface has a higher reactivity than the Fe (II) on pyrite (1 0 0) surface, leading to a higher adsorption energy of AA species on the chalcopyrite. Therefore, this acetylacetone-based lime-free process has a great potential for industrial application in the separation of chalcopyrite from pyrite.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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化学工程
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环境科学
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DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
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2024
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IF 6.3
Zhihao Shen,Qicheng Feng,Shuming Wen,Han Wang
Novel eco-friendly organic depressants with high selectivity are attracting ever-growing interests. The selective inhibition effect of pyrogallic acid (PA) on galena in chalcopyrite flotation was investigated in this study. Flotation trials showed that PA markedly depressed galena with only a small effect on chalcopyrite, which contributed to the separation of chalcopyrite and galena by flotation after adding a low dosage of PA. Surface hydrophobicity tests suggested that PA strongly adsorbed on galena but not on chalcopyrite, which attenuated the adsorption activity of collector on galena, thus rendering galena highly hydrophilic. Conversely, chalcopyrite still retained favorable floatability. These findings were corroborated by the results obtained from infrared and surface adsorption measurements. Results of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy measurements also validated the strong adsorption of PA on galena. This behavior promoted the generation of other hydrophilic species on galena. In addition, molecular dynamic simulations demonstrated that PA tended to adsorb on galena, and water molecules accumulated on galena following PA adsorption, which would decrease the floatability of galena.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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计算化学
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环境科学
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DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
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2024
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IF 6.3
Songlin Chen,Zhihao Shen,Shuming Wen,Guang Han,Qicheng Feng
Flotation separation of Cu–Fe sulfide minerals typically necessitate the addition of substantial quantities of lime to depress pyrite flotation. Because lime can harm the environment, there is an urgent need to develop novel environmentally friendly depressants that are non-toxic and biodegradable. In this study, we investigated an environmentally friendly pyrite depressant containing amino and carboxyl groups, namely D-arginine (DA). The effect of DA on the surface hydrophobicity of Cu–Fe sulfide minerals and thus collector adsorption was investigated by analyzing zeta potentials, adsorption capacities, and contact angles. Additionally, changes in the surface properties of the minerals induced by DA were examined using X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectroscopy (ToF-SIMS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM). Flotation tests revealed that 2 × 10 –4 mol/L DA reduced the flotation recovery of pyrite to 9.96 % at low alkalinity while leaving chalcopyrite recovery unchanged. The results of mineral surface analysis indicated that DA exhibited significantly stronger adsorption on the pyrite surface than on the chalcopyrite surface. Furthermore, DA effectively reduced the adsorption of the collector on the surface of pyrite, thereby weakening pyrite floatability at low alkalinity. Therefore, DA is a promising alternative depressant for the flotation separation of chalcopyrite from pyrite.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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环境科学
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材料化学
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DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
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2025
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IF 6.9
Songlin Chen,Zhengyong Song,Zhihao Shen,Guang Han,Qicheng Feng
Conventional flotation separation methods for Cu–Fe sulfide minerals, such as highly alkaline processes and cyanidation processes, often lead to environmental pollution. As a result, the development of low-alkalinity processes and environmentally friendly reagents has become both critical and challenging. In this study, levodopa (L-dopa) was evaluated as a potential depressant for the flotation separation of Cu–Fe sulfide minerals, with a focus on its selective depressive effect under low-alkalinity conditions. Micro-flotation test showed that, under low-alkalinity conditions, L-dopa at a concentration of 4 × 10 –4 mol/L demonstrated a notable selective depression effect on pyrite. Specifically, the pyrite recovery was only 11.81 %, while chalcopyrite recovery reached 94.53 %. Zeta potential, total organic carbon (TOC), adsorption quantity, and atomic force microscopy (AFM) studies confirmed that L-dopa adsorbed differently on the surfaces of the two minerals. The adsorption of L-dopa on pyrite was substantially stronger than on chalcopyrite. Furthermore, pretreatment with L-dopa effectively hindered KBX adsorption on the pyrite surface, further diminishing its floatability. In contrast, L-dopa had a relatively minor effect on the adsorption of KBX on chalcopyrite. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) analyses indicated that L-dopa was likely chemisorbed onto the pyrite surface, with Fe sites acting as active binding sites. In contrast, the adsorption of L-dopa on chalcopyrite was relatively weak. Thus, L-dopa demonstrated a potent selective depressive effect on pyrite, showing promise for the effective separation of chalcopyrite from pyrite under low-alkalinity conditions.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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环境科学
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化学
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DOI
高影响因子
International Journal of Mining Science and Technology
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2021
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IF 4.084
Jinpeng Cai,Peilun Shen,Dianwen Liu,Xiaolin Zhang,Jianjun Fang,Chao Su,Xingcai Yu,Jiangli Li,Han Wang
In this work, the growth of copper sulfide crystal onto azurite surfaces during sulfurization and its response to flotation are investigated. Filed emission scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (FESEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies confirmed that the sulfurization of azurite is not limited to the mineral surface, but rather penetrates into the bulk to form covellite crystal (syn-CuS), creating favorable conditions for the stable adsorption of xanthate and greatly promoting the azurite flotation. Additionally, as demonstrated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (TOF-SIMS) analyses, a redox reaction occurred during this process, and Cu(Ⅱ) onto the mineral surface was reduced to Cu(I). Correspondingly, reduced S 2- was oxidized to (S 2 ) 2- , (S n ) 2- , and even to deeper oxidation state S 0 , (S x O y ) n- and SO 4 2- . Excess sodium sulfide strengthens copper sulfide to form onto the azurite surface, and provides enough raw material for crystal copper sulfide to grow, resulting in the formation of “flake-like” covellite with a better crystallinity. However, the floatability of azurite decreased dramatically under this condition, because the generated massive colloidal copper sulfide in flotation pulp deteriorates the flotation environment, resulting in a decreased effective adsorption of collector onto azurite surfaces.
研究领域:
矿物学
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浮选化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
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2025
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IF 6.9
Qifang Zheng,Liuyang Dong,Peilun Shen,Dianwen Liu
Magnetic separation poses challenges for the effective separation of chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite. Therefore, flotation separation has emerged as a key research focus. This study investigated the oxidative properties and flotation behavior associated with the separation of chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite using sodium periodate (NaIO 4 ). The results of flotation test show that without adding depressant, the recovery of chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite were 91.57 % and 90.15 %, respectively. When addition of 1 × 10 –3 mol/L NaIO 4 and 1 × 10 –4 mol/L potassium butyl xanthate, chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite achieved recovery of 88.25 % and 15.41 %, respectively. This effectively promoted the flotation separation of the two minerals. The NaIO 4 oxidation reduced pyrrhotite’s surface hydrophobicity by forming hydrophilic species. The S 2– and Fe 2+ species on the pyrrhotite surface were oxidized to hydrophilic SO 4 2– and Fe 3+ species, potentially forming FeOOH – species and sulfate films that hindered collector adsorption. However, the S 2– species on the chalcopyrite surface were oxidized to hydrophobic S 0 /S n 2– , enabling the mineral to maintain its good floatability. Moreover, a descriptive model was developed to illustrate the different oxidative properties of both chalcopyrite and pyrrhotite treated with NaIO 4 . This study provides a new approach for the efficient enrichment and utilization of pyrrhotite.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2024
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IF 4.9
Jiaqiao Yuan,Yamin Li,Zhan Ding,Anmei Yu,Yijie Zhang,Shuming Wen,Shaojun Bai
It is difficult to realize an effective separating of chalcopyrite and pyrite without using any depressants due to their similar physicochemical properties . Herein, a cyclic oligosaccharide carboxymethyl-β-cyclodextrin (CMCD) with carboxyl and hydroxyl groups was introduced for the first time as a novel environmentally friendly depressant for separating chalcopyrite from pyrite. The depression performance and adsorption mechanism of CMCD in the flotation separation of chalcopyrite and pyrite were investigated through micro-flotation experiments, molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, and a series of characterization tests. The flotation findings manifested that under weakly acidic conditions (pH=6.5±0.2), a high-quality copper concentrate with a copper recovery of 73.15 % and a grade of 28.06 % was obtained. CMCD exhibited superior inhibition of pyrite compared with other traditional inhibitors. The adsorption density of CMCD onto the pyrite surface was significantly higher than that of chalcopyrite, and the pre-treatment with CMCD hindered the attachment of sodium butyl xanthate (SBX) on pyrite but had a minor effect on chalcopyrite, as confirmed by contact angle, adsorption amount, and Atomic Force Microscope analyses. Moreover, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analyses robustly demonstrated that the carboxyl and hydroxyl groups in the CMCD molecule primarily reacted with the metal hydroxides on the pyrite surface through hydrogen bonding, leading to a more hydrophilic surface. MD simulations further confirmed at the molecular level that the affinity of CMCD for the pyrite surface was much greater than for chalcopyrite. In summary, CMCD shows promising potential as a depressant for separating chalcopyrite from pyrite.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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环境科学
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DOI
高影响因子
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
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2024
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IF 6.9
Linquan Dai,Bo Feng,Mengyan Tang,Yuangan Chen
It is challenging to separate between molybdenite and chalcopyrite due to their comparable hydrophobic characteristics. Inorganic depressants were previously used to separate two minerals, but the results were unsatisfactory and polluted the environment. In this study, the molybdenite and chalcopyrite were separated using a highly effective and ecologically safe depressant, 2,4-Diamino-6-hydroxypyrimidine (DAHP). According to the single mineral experiment, chalcopyrite is totally depressed while molybdenite has superior floatability. The efficacy of DAHP as the depressant was validated by further artificially mixed mineral flotation experiments, indicating the possibility of separating chalcopyrite and molybdenite. The adsorption capacity experiment results showed that the adsorption capacity of DAHP on the surface of chalcopyrite was greater than that on the surface of molybdenite. Zeta potential experiment results show that DAHP is adsorbed on the surface of chalcopyrite and molybdenite through static electrostatic interactions . X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) experiment results show that DAHP is mainly adsorbed on chalcopyrite surface through –NH 3 + group, which hinders the adsorption of kerosene. The electrostatic contact between DAHP and molybdenite has the least effect on kerosene adsorption. This study shows that DAHP has the potential to separate chalcopyrite and molybdenite as an efficient and environmentally friendly depressant.
研究领域:
矿物加工工程
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环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）