Jingrui Lan,Haoran Li,Xiaoyi Liu,Shiming Wang,Wenpeng Hong
Solar-driven interfacial water evaporation (SIWE) is an important strategy for addressing the world's freshwater shortage. However, the traditional evaporator typically localizes the heat to the evaporation interface. This would increase the radiative heat loss between the evaporator and the environment, resulting in a reduction in the evaporation rate. Herein, a water-energy-balanced evaporator (WEBE) is proposed by accurately adjusting the thickness of the solar absorber. The excess energy is transferred downward to preheat the water, which will be transported to the evaporation interface, instead of being dissipated to the environment. In addition, a unique T-shaped water path is introduced to reduce the contact area between the evaporation interface and the bulk water. These allow the WEBE to decrease the conductive and radiative heat losses by 16.4% in total. Importantly, the WEBE demonstrates a superior evaporation rate due to efficient thermal management and water-energy balance. Under 1 sun (at a solar flux of q = 1 kW m −2 ) illumination, the evaporation rate reaches 2.02 kg m −2 h −1 , which is 1.21 times of the traditional evaporator. This work provides a novel and accessible approach to further increase direct solar vapor productivity for solar desalination.
The thermochemical energy storage based on Calcium looping (CaL) process shows great potential for the application in the 3 rd generation Concentrated Solar Power (CSP) compared to other high-Temperature heat storage schemes. However, due to the inherent low solar absorptance of CaCO 3 , the surface heating mode is widely adopted in the conventional CaL-CSP system, which causes large thermal resistance and severe radiative heat loss . Herein, we propose achieving direct solar absorption in the CaL-CSP system through enhancing the CaCO 3 ’s ability to capture thermal energy from the concentrated solar irradiation . Efforts are devoted to design and fabricate a modified CaL material by doping CaCO 3 with some materials with high solar absorptance . In order to obtain a highly stable CaL, the cyclic performance of the composite material is investigated and optimized. The calcium gluconate ((Ca(C 6 H 11 O 7 ) 2 )) was used as the precursor while fabricating the porous CaCO 3 , and the Mn–Fe oxides were doped into CaCO 3 through two different doping processes. The experimental results indicate that the proposed material obtains the solar absorptance of ∼90%. The heat release efficiency (equal to carbonation activity) remains over 92% in 60 cycles, which is much higher than that of the commercial CaCO 3 powder (20% after 60 cycles). The proposed calcium-based thermochemical energy storage material is expected to dramatically improve both the solar utilization efficiency and cyclic stability of the integrated CaL-CSP system.
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