BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
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2026
·
IF 8.2
Xumiao Mao,Weiqiang Jiang,Qian Chen,Xiaojun Fan,Hongguang Guo,Jin Yuan,Xin Kong
ZVI boosts straw hydrolysate H 2 yield (24.53%) and H 2 /CO 2 (26.9%) at 55 °C. • ZVI amendment markedly elevates hydrogenase and acetate kinase activities. • ZVI addition reshapes the microbial community into a syntrophic consortium. • ZVI upregulates key genes of acetate-producing pathway in butyrate-type fermentation. Deep strata anaerobic fermentation of crop straw hydrolysate for bio-hydrogen (H 2 ) production mitigates open-field burning pollution and supports net-negative carbon emissions by substituting and converting geologically sequestered CO 2 into CH 4 . However, the thermophilic conditions in deep strata differ significantly from traditional mesophilic systems for biohydrogen fermentation. Crucially, optimizing subsequent methanogenesis of pre-stored CO 2 requires enhancing H 2 yield and H 2 /CO 2 ratio simultaneously. This study demonstrates that zero-valent iron (ZVI) can enhance the biohydrogen during straw hydrolysate fermentation at 55 °C. Experimental results indicate that, compared to the control, the reactor with a ZVI dosage of 1 g/L exhibited a 24.53% increase in cumulative hydrogen yield, accompanied by a 26.90% elevation in the H 2 /CO 2 ratio, thereby achieving simultaneous improvements in both hydrogen yield and purity. Mechanistic investigation reveal that ZVI maintains appropriate reductive conditions and faciliates interspecies electron transfer efficiency within the fermentation system. Moreover, molecular ecological network analysis indicates that ZVI promotes the formation of syntrophic microbial networks. KEGG-based functional predictions further suggest that key enzyme genes associated with glycolysis and butyrate-type fermentation were upregulated, whereas the expression of genes participating in non-hydrogen-producing pathways was suppressed. Furthermore, acetyl-CoA metabolism was shifted toward the acetate pathway during butyrate-type fermentation, favoring elevated hydrogen production while suppressing CO 2 co-generation. This study establishes a conceptual and experimental foundation for achieving net-negative carbon emissions via straw-derived biohydrogen in deep strata, although significant engineering challenges remain. Download: Download high-res image (198KB) Download: Download full-size image
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2026
·Vol. 14
·期 5
·124625
·
IF 7.5
Dawei Lan,Ping Liu,Fengjiao Zhang,Jiang Lin,Ying Ran,Wan Cheng,Jing Chen,Xiaohui Wu,Anxu Sheng,Linling Wang
Pentachlorophenol (PCP) is a persistent chlorinated organic pollutant with high toxicity, strong environmental stability, and resistance to biodegradation. Although persulfate-based oxidation is promising for PCP remediation, its performance in contaminated soil is often limited by complex soil matrices and unclear activation mechanisms. In this study, CaO-activated persulfate was applied to PCP degradation in actual contaminated soil, with emphasis on synergistic alkaline–thermal activation and calcium-associated PCP transformation. CaO significantly enhanced PCP degradation, achieving 86.0% removal after 7 d, whereas persulfate alone showed limited oxidation capability. Mechanistic analysis showed that CaO promoted PCP degradation through Ca(OH) 2 -induced alkaline activation, hydration-induced transient thermal activation, and Ca 2 + -mediated formation of calcium-associated pentachlorophenolate species (PCP-Ca). PCP-Ca formation reduced the apparent degradation activation energy from 112.8 to 92.3 kJ mol −1 and increased the apparent pseudo-first-order rate constant by 62.7% at 30 °C, indicating enhanced oxidative susceptibility. SO 4 • - and •OH were identified as the main reactive species. LC-MS analysis suggested that PCP degradation proceeded through hydroxylation, dechlorination, and ring-cleavage pathways, generating intermediates with lower predicted toxicity. This study reveals the multifunctional role of CaO in persulfate activation and provides mechanistic insight into PCP degradation in contaminated soil.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2026
·Vol. 14
·期 5
·124617
·
IF 7.5
Jinyun Lyu,Yanqian Liu,Chanjuan Liu,Xiaohua Huang
Mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) combine the flexibility of polymer membranes and the excellent gas separation performance of porous materials, and have attracted extensive attention in the field of gas separation in recent years. In this work, a novel fluorinated non-coplanar diamine monomer 2,2-bis(4-(4-amino-2-methoxyphenoxy)phenyl)hexafluoropropane (AMPH) was synthesized through molecular design. Fluorinated non-coplanar copolyimide (AFPI) was fabricated by copolymerizing AMPH with 4,4′-(hexafluoroisopropylidene)diphthalic anhydride (6FDA) and 9,9-bis(4-amino-3-fluorophenyl)fluorene (FFDA). Subsequently, Zr-BTB, a zirconium-based metal-organic framework with high CO 2 affinity and structural stability, was incorporated into the AFPI matrix to fabricate AFPI/Zr-BTB MMMs with different mass loadings. Benefiting from the introduced fluorine groups, AFPI possesses enlarged free volume to accelerate gas permeation. Meanwhile, two-dimensional Zr-BTB facilitates selective CO 2 adsorption over N 2 through thermodynamic adsorption affinity for improved separation performance. Compared with the pristine membrane, the CO 2 and O 2 permeabilities of MMMs increase by 277% and 237% at 15 wt% Zr-BTB loading, and the ideal CO 2 /N 2 and O 2 /N 2 selectivities rise by 45% and 33% at 5 wt% loading. This confirms that embedding Zr-BTB into copolyimide to fabricate MMMs is a promising strategy for developing high-performance gas separation membranes.
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GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH LETTERS
·
2026
·Vol. 53
·期 14
·e2026GL122763
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IF 5
Yuanjing Li,Liangliang Zhang,Fabin Pan,Xiaojing Lai,Xiang Wu,Feng Zhu
Mercury is one of the few terrestrial planets in the solar system with a magnetic field, yet the energy source to power its core dynamo remains unclear to date. Si, C, and possibly H are the top candidate light elements for its liquid core. Here, we showed experimentally that Si, C, and H in Fe-Si-C and Fe-Si-C-H liquids share a simultaneous solubility at 9–21 GPa, 1,400°C–2,200°C, and this solubility decreases with decreasing temperature. When exceeding the simultaneous solubility, light elements will exsolve from the Fe melt as elemental phases such as diamond, graphite, silicon, and H 2 . We infer that if Mercury had an early liquid core primarily composed of saturated Fe-Si-C-(H) liquid, subsequent cooling would lead to continuous light element exsolution in its liquid core. The gravitational potential released by the exsolved light elements can drive the compositional convection and power its long-term core dynamo.
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Journal of Energy Storage
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2026
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IF 10.7
Zanshe Wang,Jiarong Lu,Xueting Wang,Yongyi Ma,Zhaolin Gu
Passive hygrothermal regulation is a key strategy for reducing substantial energy consumption of building HVAC systems, yet current materials face thermodynamic limitations, primarily due to the release of adsorption heat during moisture capture leads to local temperature spikes that suppress moisture uptake efficiency. This study addresses this challenge by developing a novel dual-functional composite integrating the iron-based metal-organic framework (MOF), MIL-100(Fe), with microencapsulated phase change materials (MPCMs). Unlike conventional hydrothermal methods, we employed a facile, fluoride-free atmospheric pressure synthesis strategy at 95 °C to fabricate MIL-100(Fe), significantly enhancing engineering scalability and reducing energy input and equipment costs. Structural characterization (XRD, SEM) confirmed that the physical blending process preserved the porous MOF framework and the structural integrity of the MPCM shell. We propose a synergistic ‘in-situ thermal management’ mechanism, where the phase change latent heat of the MPCMs effectively absorbs the adsorption heat released by the MOF, providing a locally buffered thermal environment that mitigates temperature-induced efficiency decay and extends moisture buffering capacity. Through dynamic sorption testing and optimization, a composition of 50 wt% MPCM was identified as the optimal balance for high-humidity climates. Validation in 1:10 scale physical model rooms under dynamic weather conditions demonstrated that the composite reduced peak indoor temperatures by up to 1.44 °C under dynamic climatic cycling and 0.9 °C under controlled heating load, achieving a temperature fluctuation decrement factor ( f ) of 0.71 and a time lag of 0.33 h, and significantly suppressed relative humidity fluctuations compared to the comparison space. These findings provide a viable engineering reference for passive building energy conservation, bridging the gap between material synthesis and practical engineering application.
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ChemPlusChem
·
2026
·Vol. 91
·期 2
·e202500675
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IF 3.1
Kenan Dang,Haiyang Cheng
Selective reduction of nitroaromatics containing reducible groups is of great significance and has attracted the attention in chemical synthesis. Here, a low-cost and easy to operate H 2 O/CO 2 acidic system combined with non-precious metal iron powder was used to prepare amino aromatics without affecting double or triple bond. Under optimized conditions (1 MPa CO 2 , 60°C, 2.5 h), the selectivity of 3-aminostyrene reached 99.4% at 99.2% conversion of 3-nitrostyrene. For the reduction of 4-nitrophenylacetylene (4-NPA) to 4-aminophenylacetylene (4-APA), the conversion of 4-NPA reached 99.5%, and the selectivity to 4-APA could reach 90.5% with 0.2 MPa CO 2 at 60°C in 8 h. The Fe/H 2 O/CO 2 system is also effective for the one-pot transformation including the reduction and hydration of 4-NPA to 4-aminoacetophenone with a high conversion (95.4%) and selectivity (97.7%). After the reaction is completed, the acidic system will self-neutralize by the release of CO 2 . The non-precious metal-acidic system is green, low-cost, and high selective for the reduction of nitroaromatics without affecting the easy reducible groups and the hydration of alkyne group. Graphical A low-cost and easy to operate H 2 O/CO 2 acidic system combined with non-precious metal iron powder was used to prepare amino aromatics without affecting vinyl or alkyne groups. The Fe/H 2 O/CO 2 system is also effective for the one-pot reduction and hydration of nitrophenylacetylene to 4-aminoacetophenone with a high conversion (95.4%) and selectivity (97.7%).
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高影响因子
WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2026
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IF 2.6
Zang Xueke,Tu Yuedong,Lyu Shuguang,Xu Zhiqiang
View large Download slide View large Download slide Close modal This study investigates the synergistic activation of persulfate (PS) by multivalent iron-based materials (ZVI, FeS, and FeS 2 ) in the presence of activated carbon (AC) for the efficient degradation of trichloroethylene (TCE). The incorporation of AC markedly accelerated TCE oxidation by enriching contaminants within its microenvironment and promoting reactive species (ROS) generation. The optimal PS/iron/TCE molar ratios with 0.5 g L −1 AC were 20/10/3 for the PS/ZVI/TCE system and 20/60/3 for both PS/FeS/TCE and PS/FeS2/TCE systems. Scavenging and electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) analyses identified hydroxyl radicals (HO • ), sulfate radicals ( S O 4 − ∙ ), and singlet oxygen ( 1 O 2 ) as the dominant ROS responsible for TCE degradation. All three systems maintained over 90% removal efficiency across a wide pH range (3–9). Anion interference tests revealed that bicarbonate ( HC O 3 − ) strongly inhibited ROS formation, while other anions had minor effects. Experiments using actual groundwater confirmed the robustness of the AC-iron systems, which achieved efficient degradation of chlorinated alkenes, while exhibiting limited activity toward saturated chlorinated alkanes. Overall, this research highlights the synergistic role of AC and iron-based materials in PS activation and provides valuable insights into selective CHC degradation in a complex groundwater environment. Multivalent iron materials coupled with AC synergistically enhanced persulfate activation and TCE degradation. Over 90% of TCE degradation across a broad pH range was achieved at the optimized chemical dosages. HO • , 1 O 2 , and S O 4 − ∙ were the primary reactive species responsible for TCE degradation. This technique demonstrated strong potential for remediating CHCs, particularly chlorinated alkenes, in real groundwater.
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PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
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2026
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IF 7.9
Tong Shen,Xueqiang Zhu,Leyi Zhao,Guiqing Wang,Xuanran Zhao
Carbon tetrachloride (CCl 4 ) contamination in groundwater poses persistent environmental risks due to its high toxicity, resistance to complete dechlorination, and the accumulation of hazardous intermediates in subsurface systems. This study developed a synergistic microorganism-CMC-nZVI coupled system, combining carboxymethyl cellulose-modified nanoscale zero-valent iron (CMC-nZVI) with Enterobacter ludwigii CT-7. Under optimized conditions (0.2 g/L CMC-nZVI, pH 6.5), the system achieved a 95.8% CCl 4 removal efficiency within 72 h, significantly higher than the microbial-only (81.0%) and standalone CMC-nZVI (69.4%) treatments. Notably, the coupled system enhanced dehydrogenase and cytochrome P450 activities by 1.5–2.3 folds, while effectively suppressing chloroform accumulation. CMC-nZVI acted as a sustained source of Fe 2 ⁺ and H 2 , providing essential electron donors and mitigating ROS-induced oxidative stress, which increased cell viability by 25%. Transcriptomic analysis revealed a significant upregulation of key functional genes, with redox-active proteins and iron-transport genes (e.g., feoB , suf series) showing 3.2–5.8-fold increases in expression levels. These findings confirm a coordinated mechanism linking Fe 0 oxidation to enhanced enzymatic C-Cl bond cleavage. This study provides a robust and high-performance strategy for the deep dechlorination of chlorinated hydrocarbons in complex subsurface environments.
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JOURNAL OF MAGNETISM AND MAGNETIC MATERIALS
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2026
·
IF 3
Long-Xiang Li,Zhi-Yue Li,Si-Rong Lu,Ting-Yong Chen
Exchange bias (EB) is characterized by a horizontal shift in magnetic hysteresis loops, originating from interfacial coupling between ferromagnetic (FM) and antiferromagnetic (AFM) layers. This phenomenon enables key regulation of magnetic coercivity and spin alignment in spintronic devices. Conventionally engineered in FM/AFM heterostructures. We report exchange bias (EB) in self-flux-grown Fe₁.₁Te single crystals, where Fe excess drives stoichiometric deviation. Structural analysis confirms a tetragonal FeTe phase with no secondary phases, while magnetic measurements reveal coexistence of ferromagnetic (FM) behavior (from excess Fe) and intrinsic antiferromagnetism (AFM) of FeTe. This is evidenced by a zero-field-cooled/field-cooled magnetization bifurcation below the Néel temperature ( T N ≈ 65 K). H EB decays linearly with temperature (vanishing near T N ) and scales with the magnitude of the cooling field. We attribute EB to interfacial coupling between FM clusters (Fe-rich) and the AFM FeTe matrix. This work establishes Fe₁.₁Te as a tunable platform for antiferromagnetic spintronics, leveraging stoichiometric control to engineer interfacial magnetic coupling.
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MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
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2026
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IF 5.2
Kuanping Gong,Yongquan Jiang,YongMan Choi
We describe the synthesis and characterization of CaSe 1-x S x :Eu (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) phosphors, uniformly coated with alternating metal oxide layers via a customized fluidized-bed chemical vapor deposition (FB-CVD) technique. Through precise sintering control, the phosphor composition is engineered for tunable red emission under 450 nm blue excitation. First-principles calculations show that Eu 2+ substitution introduces localized Eu 4f states just below the conduction band minimum, enabling efficient blue excitation and red emission, while sulfur substitution enhances lattice stability by increasing intrinsic chalcogenide migration barriers. This energy-level configuration explains efficient Eu 2+ luminescent center activation, yielding intense red emission. Moreover, Se substitution with S increases the anionic migration barrier progressively, consistent with experimental observations of CaSe 1-x S x degradation in humid environments due to Se's inherent instability. However, this moisture susceptibility is markedly reduced via uniform, conformal FB-CVD barrier coatings on individual phosphor particles. Stabilized CaSe 1-x S x phosphors serve as promising components in high-performance warm white light-emitting diodes (W-LEDs), enabling blue-to-red light conversion. As a result, fabricated W-LEDs retain >95% of initial luminance after 1000 h of operation, with negligible chromaticity coordinate shifts.
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Journal of Water Process Engineering
·
2026
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IF 6.6
Xiang Luo,Hongwei Chen,Hongjian Shen,Ling Zhang,Jinbo Chen,Shuai Liu,Bo Gao,Honglei Zhang,Yawei Gu
Zero-valent iron (ZVI) technology is regarded as one of the most efficient approaches for remediating groundwater contaminated with chlorinated hydrocarbons (CHCs). Despite its highly reactive nature, the corrosion of ZVI in aqueous solution readily results in surface passivation, which diminishes its reactivity. ZVI doped with heteroatoms such as carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and sulfur (S) has displayed excellent performance in trichloroethylene (TCE) degradation. Nevertheless, the effects of these heteroatoms on ZVI materials, along with their various degradation mechanisms, remains ambiguous. In this study, C-mZVI bm , N-mZVI bm , and S-mZVI bm were prepared, respectively, via a mechanochemical method and utilized for TCE degradation. The dechlorination reaction facilitated by each material was thoroughly investigated both theoretically and experimentally, focusing on TCE adsorption affinity, the dechlorination process, hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), electron efficiency, and lifetime. Among the three materials, S-mZVI bm exhibited 100% TCE removal in less than 24 h., as well as improved electron efficiency and lifetime, primarily attributed to its high TCE adsorption energy and the suppression of HER. These integrated theoretical and experimental results indicate that S-mZVI bm nanoparticles are a promising and innovative material for in situ groundwater TCE remediation.
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ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 7.3
Yichi Zhang,Fen Tao,Ruoyang Gao,Ling Zhang,Jun Wang,Guohao Du,Tiqiao Xiao,Biao Deng
Achieving nondestructive, high-precision quantitative elemental analysis at the nanoscale has long been a challenge in materials characterization. The proposed Grayscale Bayesian Elemental Quantification Analysis (GBEQA) method effectively circumvents issues such as insufficient detection depth, destructiveness, and matrix effects encountered by conventional techniques by integrating grayscale information from synchrotron radiation nano-CT with a Bayesian inversion framework. By constructing a grayscale probability model and generating probability mass functions through convolution with standard materials, GBEQA achieves unsupervised element quantification without requiring prior knowledge for the first time. The validation on FeNi alloys and Ni0.9Co0.05Mn0.05(OH)2 (NCM90 precursor) demonstrates high agreement with inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES) while successfully characterizing nanoscale element distribution heterogeneities inaccessible to conventional techniques. This study establishes a novel paradigm for elemental analysis that combines nondestructive, 3D resolution, and universality, holding significant implications for advancing research on complex systems such as alloys and energy materials.
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