PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS
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2023
·Vol. 34
·期 5
·540-547
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IF 3.3
Ningning Zhao,Junpeng Xing,Zhong Zheng,Fengrui Song,Zhiqiang Liu,Shu Liu
Introduction Relieving toxicity and enhancing a calming effect after processing Polygalae Radix (PR) are widely known. Aromatic carboxylic acids (ACAs) may be crucial processed products. However, due to the limited detection methods for ACAs, the whole metabolic profiles via intestinal bacteria are still not very clear. Objective Designing a novel strategy for the detection of ACAs and tracking the whole metabolic profiles before and after processing PR. Materials and Methods The stable-isotope labelling derivatisation (SILD) method based on multidimensional ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with a mass spectrometer (UHPLC-MS) technology and UNIFI-pathway mode was firstly designed to systematically study the metabolisms of all the drug-derived ingredients ranging from m/z 100 to 2000 in processing PR via intestinal bacteria. Firstly, the SILD with UHPLC coupled with a triple-quadrupole MS technology was designed to trace eight ACA metabolites of the processed PR with intestinal bacteria. Additionally, the UHPLC coupled with a quadrupole time-of-flight MS with UNIFI-pathway mode was adopted to monitor relatively big metabolites. Results The metabolism mechanism of ACAs (eight kinds) and the relatively big molecular metabolites (98 kinds) were deeply traced in PR, PR with refined honey (HP), and PR with licorice (LP) via the intestinal bacteria. Totally 106 intact metabolic profiles of drug-derived ingredients were presented. Importantly, the influence of LP on the metabolism of compounds after incubation of intestinal bacteria was greater than that of HP. Conclusion This research provides a comprehensive and systematic guidance for further study on in vivo metabolisms of the processed PR.
研究领域:
中药学
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代谢组学
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药理学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHIC SCIENCE
·
2021
·Vol. 59
·期 10
·941-948
·
IF 1.618
Zhang Xiaoyong,Chen Xuezhao,Jin Juan,Gong Minghua,He Qiang,Li Shouxin,Tian Jinkui
Capilliposide B (CPS-B) and Capilliposide C (CPS-C), as the key components in Lysimachia capillipes Hemsl., increasingly aroused the interest and research concern of many researchers due to the good bioactivities. Nowadays, the reference standards of CPS-B and CPS-C yield were very limited. Due to the deficit of reference standards, the determination could be difficult to carry out, and the quality control and evaluation would be restrained afterwards. To solve this urgent problem, a quantitative analysis of multi-components by single-marker (QAMS) method was proposed and established based on high-performance liquid-chromatography tandem evaporative light-scattering detector. In this QAMS method, the content of the two bioactive components could be calculated by buddlejasaponin IV, which is applied as an external standard and readily obtained. And the methodological experiments were evaluated and indicated accuracy, stability and feasibility of this QAMS method. Therefore, in this study, this built method would properly meet the requirement of determination of CPS-B, CPS-C and quality control of the L. capillipes Hemsl. plant.
研究领域:
植物化学
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药物分析
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PROTEIN AND PEPTIDE LETTERS
·
2022
·Vol. 29
·期 12
·1051-1060
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IF 1.927
Gao Chengxia,Du Huizhi
Objective: The work aimed to compare the binding between the two main components of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. and two cholinesterases (ChEs) by using a variety of spectral techniques. Methods: Two main components of Polygala tenuifolia Willd. included Tenuifolin (Ten) and Onjisaponin
B (Onj B), and two ChEs included acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). Results: The UV-visible absorption spectra results showed that Ten had no effect on the structure of ChEs, and the combination of Onj B with ChEs changed its structure. Onj B statically quenched
the endogenous fluorescence of both of ChEs, Ten dynamically quenched the endogenous fluorescence of AChE with no effect on BChE. The fluorescence quenching rate of ChEs by Onj B was much higher than that of AChE by Ten, and only one binding site of each protein spontaneously interacted with
the compound to bind to or collide. Synchronous fluorescence results showed that Ten and Onj B quenched the fluorescence intensity by affecting tryptophan and tyrosine residues in cholinesterases, respectively. Hydrophobic force played an important role in the interaction between Ten and AChE,
and van der Waals force and hydrogen bond were the main driving forces for the binding of Onj B to ChEs. The Enzyme activity test showed that Onj B inhibited ChE activity, and Ten never inhibited ChE activity. Conclusion: Onj B has the potential to inhibit ChE activity and increase the
neurotransmitter acetylcholine content in the nerve system, improving the Alzheimer's disease (AD).
研究领域:
药理学
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生物化学
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神经科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
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2021
·
IF 1.134
Ning-Ning ZHAO,Zhi-Qiang LIU,Mei-Ling FAN,Zi-Feng PI,Feng-Rui SONG,Shu LIU
Traditional processing methods have been used to relieve toxicity and enhance a calming effect of Polygalae Radix (PR). However, up to now, there is no comprehensive study on the changes of saponins , aromatic acids, and so on (from relatively big molecules to small molecules). Here, a novel processing-omics (PO) strategy was reported. It cleverly integrated the non-targeted and targeted chemomics technology, and the simulated processing method of compounds for mining original markers, to rapidly and comprehensively evaluate mechanisms of chemical transformation among PR, PR with refined honey (HP), and PR with licorice (LP). In this strategy, the advanced ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight data-independent mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-TOF-MS E ) and HPLC platform were employed to study and collect chemical composition data of PR processing. And the combination of QI and UNIFI TM software was designed to analyze relatively big molecules for PR, HP and LP sequentially, avoiding a waste of time for the identification of extra non-markers. A total of 57 relatively big markers were identified. Six small aromatic acids were quantified by targeted chemomics, as critical markers. Importantly, the hydrolysis mechanisms of saponins, isomerization of xanthones and glycolipids , and intact mechanisms of transformation, were reported by a combination of above chemomics and the simulated processing method. This study provided a rapid and comprehensive guidance to further study on processing procedures, chemical mechanisms, and construction of quality standards.
研究领域:
中药学
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分析化学
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植物化学
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DOI
高影响因子
MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
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2021
·
IF 4.821
Wei Wei,Qiang Han,Sheng Tian,Yanping Wang,Huiying Zhang,Haibo Wang,Qionglin Liang
The separation of active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is of great significance in determining the efficacy of TCM as well as the pharmacological study of active ingredients, improving the scope of application of TCM and the efficiency of disease prevention and treatment. In the current study, we have successfully synthesized a core–shell structure magnetic microsphere Fe 3 O 4 -COF for the separation of α-asarone and β-asarone in the combined decoction of Acorous Tatarinowii Rhizoma (ATR) and Polygalae Radix (PR). The successful synthesis of Fe 3 O 4 -COF was demonstrated chemically and morphologically by using five characterizations such as Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Extraction conditions were investigated and optimized, including adsorbent dosage, adsorption time, sample pH value, elution solvent, elution time and volume of elution solution. Under the optimal experimental conditions, we got a low limit of detection (LOD) of α-asarone and β-asarone were 0.0379 μg/mL and 0.0432 μg/mL, and the relative standard deviations (RSD) were less than 2.3%. And the number and intensity of impurity peaks in the chromatogram after extraction of complex samples were significantly reduced and the good recoveries were still maintained after multiple extractions of complex samples, which showed satisfied specific adsorption and excellent resistance to matrix interference. The successful establishment of this method will provide a new direction for the separation and analysis of active ingredients in traditional Chinese medicine.
研究领域:
药学化学
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分析化学
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中药学
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DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY & RELATED TECHNOLOGIES
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2021
·
IF 1.312
An-ping Li,Jing-yan Kang,Yan-ping Shi
Farfarae Flos is a frequently used traditional herbal medicine, with outstanding antitussive, anti-asthmatic and expectorant effects. The current quality standard cannot effectively evaluate the quality of decoction pieces, or reflect the quality difference between medicinal parts and impurities. Herein, a simple, rapid, and accurate ultra high-performance liquid-chromatography diode-array (UHPLC-DAD) method was established for the simultaneous determination of 14 components in Farfarae Flos within 15 minutes. Different parts of the plant (flower bud, corolla, pedicel and stem) of 20 batches of decoction pieces were determined by the established method. Chemometrics was applied to assess the proposed method and analyze the quantitative results. Principal component analysis showed that the phenolic acids, flavonoids and terpenoids were effective quality control markers for Farfarae Flos. The quality of traditional medicinal part (flower bud) was significantly different from that of impurities (pedicel and stem). ANOVA showed that the content of phenolic acids in the pedicel and stem was significantly higher than that in the flower bud, while the content of flavonoids in the pedicel and stem was significantly lower than that in the flower bud. This study provides an efficient and low-cost methodology with adequate sensitivity for the quality control of Farfarae Flos decoction pieces.
研究领域:
中药学
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分析化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
·
2021
·Vol. 44
·期 24
·4412-4421
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IF 3.645
Laisen Wang,Miaomiao Liu,Fanrong Sun,Haiyan Liu,Hongyuan Yan,Ligai Bai
A solid-phase extraction cartridge was fabricated using diallyl isophthalate as the monomer with the addition of porous organic cage material via in situ free-radical polymerization in a stainless-steel column. The resulting monolithic adsorbent exhibited a relatively uniform porous structure, a high specific surface area of 113.98 m 2 /g, and multiple functional chemical groups according to the characterization results. An online solid-phase extraction–high-performance liquid chromatography procedure was fabricated to extract and determine tussilagone from Farfarae Flos. The results show that the complex sample matrices can be removed in the solid-phase extraction procedure. Simultaneously, tussilagone can remain, which can be subsequently switched to an octadecylsilane bonded analytical column. The methodological validation showed that the correlation coefficient was 0.9999 with a linear range of 0.6–200.0 µg/mL, the limit of detection was 0.2 µg/mL, the limit of quantification was 0.6 µg/mL, accuracy was 100.3–100.6%, and relative standard deviation of precision was ≤1.9%. The present monolithic cartridge exhibits good reusability of not more than 100 times. The real sample of Farfarae Flos was determined with a tussilagone content of 0.74 mg/g.
研究领域:
分析化学
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药学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Experimental and Therapeutic Medicine
·
2020
·Vol. 19
·期 3
·2326-2334
·
IF 1.785
Zi‑Wen Chen,Chao‑Bao Peng,Zhong Pei,Meng‑Ruo Zhang,Tian‑Chan Yun,Zhi‑Min Yang,Fu‑Ping Xu
Insomnia is a common sleep disorder with a high prevalence and substantial adverse consequences. There is growing interest in identifying novel therapeutics from herbal medicine. Tenuifolin is a major constituent of the well‑known anti‑insomnia herb Radix Polygala. The present study investigated the neural activity in response to tenuifolin during rest/wake behaviour in zebrafish and identified the potential biological signalling pathways involved. An automatic video tracking system was used to monitor the behavioural response of zebrafish larvae for 24 h after treatment with tenuifolin. In total, six rest/wake parameters were measured and visualized with a behavioural fingerprint. Time series analysis was conducted by averaging the total rest and waking activity in 10 min intervals. A correlation analysis was performed between tenuifolin and well‑known compounds to analyse the underlying biological signalling pathways. Reverse transcription‑quantitative PCR was also performed to detect the effects of tenuifolin on the transcription of interesting genes associated with the signalling pathways that were potentially involved. The present results suggested tenuifolin significantly increased the total rest time during the dark phase, with a slight effect on the waking activity in zebrafish larvae. This behavioural phenotype induced by tenuifolin is similar to that of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors and gamma‑aminobutyric acid (GABA) agonists. Furthermore, the expression levels of GABA transporter 1 were significantly increased after tenuifolin treatment. No significant difference was determined in other associated genes in untreated control and tenuifolin‑treated larvae. The present results suggested that tenuifolin caused sleep‑promoting activity in zebrafish and that these effects may be mediated by the serotoninergic systems and the GABAergic systems.
研究领域:
神经科学
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药理学
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中药学
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分子生物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Frontiers in Pharmacology
·
2023
·
IF 5.6
He Jian,Xu Dengyue,Wang Lu,Yu Xiaohong
Cardiovascular disease has become the primary disease that threatens human health and is considered the leading cause of death. Cardiac remodeling, which is associated with cardiovascular disease, mainly manifests as cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Farrerol plays an important role in treating conditions such as inflammation, endothelial injury and tumors, and we speculated that Farrerol may also play an important role in mitigating cardiac hypertrophy and remodeling. We established a model of myocardial remodeling using Angiotensin II (Ang II) with concurrent intraperitoneal injection of Farrerol as an intervention. We used cardiac ultrasound, immunohistochemistry, Immunofluorescence, Wheat Germ Agglutinin, Dihydroethidium, Western Blot, qPCR and other methods to detect the role of Farrerol in cardiac remodeling. The results showed that Farrerol inhibited Ang II-induced cardiac hypertrophy; decreased the ratio of heart weight to tibia length in mice; reduced inflammation, fibrosis, and oxidative stress; and reduced the size of cardiomyocytes in vivo. Farrerol inhibited Ang II-induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy, levels of oxidative stress, and the proliferation and migration of fibroblast in vitro. Our results revealed that Farrerol could inhibit Ang II-induced cardiac remodeling. Farrerol may therefore be a candidate drug for the treatment of myocardial remodeling.
研究领域:
心血管疾病
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药理学
·
分子生物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
TISSUE & CELL
·
2025
·
IF 2.5
Xizhi Chen,Yao Chen,Weibo Wen
This study aimed to explore effectiveness and related mechanisms of Polygala crotalarioides in treating erectile dysfunction (ED). Hydrocortisone was used to establish a kidney- Yang deficiency ED rat model. Levels of triiodothyronine(T3), thyroxine(T4), testosterone(T), estradiol(E2) and expressions of RhoA, ROCK1, ROCK2 were determined. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect CD34 in penile tissues. Compared with normal rats, T3, T4, T, E2 levels in serum of ED rat model were significantly reduced (P < 0.05), while RhoA, ROCK1, ROCK2 expressions were significantly higher (P < 0.05). High- and medium-dose of Polygala crotalarioides significantly attenuated erectile dysfunction, but low-doses of Polygala crotalarioides were ineffective. High and medium dose of Polygala crotalarioides and sildenafil significantly increased weight of ED rats compared to Model group (P < 0.05). T3, T4, E2, and T levels in low-dose, medium-dose, and high-dose of Polygala crotalarioides group were increased compared to Model group (P < 0.05). Compared with Model group, RhoA, ROCK1, and ROCK2 expressions in penile tissue of rats in low-, medium-, high-dose of Polygala crotalarioides group were reduced (P < 0.05). High-, medium-, and low-dose Polygala crotalarioides significantly increased CD34 compared with ED rat (P < 0.05). In conclusion, Polygala crotalarioides attenuated erectile dysfunction and improved thyroid and gonadal function by regulating Rho/ROCK pathway in kidney Yang- deficiency ED rat.
研究领域:
药理学
·
内分泌学
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中医药学
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分子生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 4.8
Tao Chen,Xian Zhou,Minxing Zhu,Xueting Chen,Dennis Chang,Yifan Lin,Wen Xu,Yanfang Zheng,Shaohua Li,Jianyuan Song,Mingqing Huang
Ethnopharmacological relevance Bronchitis is a respiratory disease characterized by a productive cough. Polygala tenuifolia Willd., commonly known as Yuan zhi , is a traditional Chinese herbal medicine used for relieving cough and removing phlegm. Despite its historical use, studies are lacking on the effectiveness of P. tenuifolia in treating bronchitis. Furthermore, the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of its bioactive compounds remain unknown. Aim of the study This study aims to identify the main bioactive compounds responsible for the effects of P. tenuifolia liquid extract (PLE) in treating bronchitis and to elucidate the associated molecular mechanisms. Materials and Methods The main chemical compounds in PLE were identified and determined using ultra-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS). The antitussive, expectorant and anti-inflammatory activities of PLE were evaluated in an ammonia-induced mouse cough model, a tracheal phenol red excretion mouse model, and a xylene-induced ear swelling mouse model, respectively. A network pharmacology analysis was conducted to investigate the associated gene targets, gene ontology, and KEGG pathways related to the main bio-actives in PLE targeting bronchitis. PLE and its five bioactive compounds were assessed for their potential anti-inflammatory activities in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Western blot analysis was conducted to elucidate the associated molecular mechanisms. Results Thirty-seven compounds in PLE were identified, and twelve main compounds were further quantified in PLE using UPLC-MS/MS. PLE oral gavage administrations (0.6 and 0.12 mg/kg) for 7 days markedly reduced cough frequency, prolonged latency period of cough, reduced phlegm and inflammation in mice. The network pharmacology analysis identified 57 gene targets of PLE against bronchitis. The PI3K/AKT and MAPK signalling pathways were the top two modulated pathways. In RAW264.7 cells, PLE (12.5-50 μg/mL) significantly reduced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α. PLE downregulated LPS-elevated protein targets in both PI3K/AKT and MAPK signaling pathways. In PLE, tenuifolin, polygalaxanthone ⅠⅠⅠ, polygalasaponin ⅩⅩⅤⅢ, tenuifoliside B, and 3,6’-Disinapoyl sucrose, were identified as the top five core components responsible for treating bronchitis. These compounds were also found to modulate the protein targets in the PI3K/AKT and MAPK signalling pathways. Conclusions This study demonstrated the potential therapeutic effects of PLE on bronchitis by reducing cough, phlegm and inflammation. The anti-inflammatory action and molecular mechanisms of the 5 main bioactive compounds in PLE were partly validated through the in vitro assays. The findings provide valuable insights into the mechanisms underlying the traditional use of PLE for bronchitis.
研究领域:
药理学
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中药学
·
分子生物学
·
分析化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 4.8
Haiqin Ren,Xiangpeng Kong,Yue Zhang,Fanying Deng,Jianli Li,Fuxia Zhao,Pei Li,Ke Pei,Jinyan Tan,Yangang Cheng,Yan Wang,Lu Zhang,Yingli Wang,Xuliang Hao
Ethnopharmacological relevance Ziziphi Spinosae Semen and Polygalae Radix (ZSS-PR) constitute a traditional Chinese herbal combination with notable applications in clinical and experimental settings due to their evident sedative and calming effects. Aligned with traditional Chinese medicine principles, Ziziphi Spinosae Semen supports cardiovascular health, nourishes the liver, and induces mental tranquillity. Simultaneously, Polygalae Radix elicits calming effects, fosters clear thinking, and reinstates proper coordination between the heart and kidneys. ZSS-PR is commonly employed as a therapeutic intervention for various insomnia types, demonstrating distinct clinical efficacy. Our previous study findings provide evidence that ZSS-PR administration significantly reduces sleep onset latency, increases overall sleep duration, and improves abnormal neurotransmitter levels in a murine insomnia model. Aim of study This investigation aimed to scrutinize the intrinsic regulatory mechanism of ZSS-PR in managing insomnia using gut microbiota and serum metabolomics techniques. Materials and methods Mice were given DL-4-Chlorophenylalanine to induce insomnia and then treated with ZSS-PR. The open-field test assessed the animals' spontaneous activity. Concentrations of neurotransmitters, endocrine hormones, and cytokines in the duodenum were measured using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, and brain histopathology was evaluated with H&E staining. The impact of ZSS-PR on the metabolic profile was examined by liquid chromatography couped to high resolution mass spectrometry, and 16S rDNA sequencing was used to study the influence of ZSS-PR on the gut microbiota. Additionally, the content of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) was analyzed by GC-MS. Finally, correlation analysis investigated relationships between biochemical markers, metabolites, SCFAs, and gut microbiota. Results ZSS-PR treatment significantly increased movement time and distance in mice with insomnia and improved pathological impairments in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus. It also restored abnormal levels of biochemical markers in the gut of insomnia-afflicted mice, including 5-hydroxytryptamine , dopamine, gastrin, melatonin, tumour necrosis factor-α, and interleukin-1β. Metabolomics findings showed that ZSS-PR had a significant restorative effect on 15 endogenous metabolites in mice with insomnia. Furthermore, ZSS-PR primarily influenced five metabolic pathways, such as phenylalanine, tyrosine, and tryptophan biosynthesis, glutamine, and glutamate metabolism. Additionally, gut microbiota analysis revealed notable alterations in both diversity and microbial composition after ZSS-PR treatment. These changes were primarily attributed to the relative abundances of microbiota, including Firmicutes, Bacteroidota, Fusobacteriota, Muribaculaceae_unclassified , and Ligilactobacillus . The results of SCFAs analysis demonstrated that ZSS-PR effectively restored abnormal levels of acetic acid, propionic acid, isobutyric acid, butyric acid, isovaleric acid, and valeric acid in insomniac mice. Subsequent correlation analysis revealed that microbiota show obvious correlations with both biochemical markers and metabolites. Conclusions The results provide compelling evidence that ZSS-PR effectively mitigates abnormal activity, reduces cerebral pathological changes, and restores abnormal levels of neurotransmitters, endocrine hormones, and cytokines in mice with insomnia. The underlying mechanism is intricately linked to the modulation of gut microbiota and endogenous metabolic pathways.
研究领域:
药理学
·
神经科学
·
微生物学
·
代谢组学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）