A challenge in nuclear waste remediation is the construction of extraction systems with exceptional stability and remarkable selectivity under harsh conditions, to achieve efficient uranium separation from nuclear wastewater. In this work, two novel N, O-hybrid extractants, L1 and L2 attaching two or one pyrrolidone groups to the phenanthroline skeleton were synthesized and applied in uranium extraction. Solvent extraction tests showed that these ligands in 3-nitrobenzotrifluoride can extract uranium with fast kinetics, high selectivity over twelve competing ions, and facile stripping. Slope analysis indicated that each uranyl ion binds to one ligand during extraction, and the extraction conforms to the cation exchange mechanism. The effect of temperature on uranium extraction was also carried out to determine the thermodynamic parameters. Notably, outstanding radiation stability was demonstrated for these extractants even after being exposed to 500 kGy γ ray irradiation. In addition, NMR titration and DFT calculations were performed to understand the complexation behaviors between ligands and uranyl ions. This study reveals the potential of these two phenanthroline-based extractants for the use in uranium separation from nuclear wastewater.
Due to their potential entry into the human body via the food chain, phenothiazine drugs and their metabolites pose specific health hazards, making their detection in edible tissues of paramount importance. In this research endeavor, a highly sensitive multi-residue analytical method has been devised for the detection of phenothiazine drugs and their metabolites in animal-derived food products, utilizing high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). The preparation of samples involved the use of 1% formic acid in acetonitrile as the extraction solvent following sample weighing, with multiple extraction steps diligently performed to ensure optimal outcomes. The sample, post-extraction, was directly introduced into the purification column, yielding significant time savings and rendering the process more environmentally sustainable. This procedural step effectively eliminated interfering substances from the sample matrix, including proteins, salts, and phospholipids. Analysis of the extracted samples was conducted through HPLC-MS/MS, employing an electrospray ionization (ESI) ion source. A comprehensive panel of 20 phenothiazine drugs and their metabolites was successfully resolved within a mere 10-min chromatographic run. A robust linear correlation (R 2 ≥ 0.99) was attained within a judiciously chosen range of concentrations. Method validation was meticulously conducted across multiple animal species, including trout, white shrimp, pork, beef and chicken. The developed analytical method has been effectively deployed for the screening and quantification of phenothiazine drugs in real-world samples sourced from commercial livestock and aquatic products.
Lu Zhang,Fangyuan Chai,Ke Yan,Xiaojun Ning,Shuang Min,Lijian Guo,Yi Liu,Tao Gao,Tian Gao,Linli Du
Mitochondria have emerged as a promising therapeutic target in oncology due to their central regulatory roles in cellular homeostasis and apoptotic pathways. Herein, we present a rationally designed mitochondrial-targeting agent, phenolic thiazide -BODIPY (PBD), engineered through strategic conjugation of a BODIPY-pyridinium fluorophore with a phenolic thiazide pharmacophore. This novel theranostic platform demonstrates excellent ΔΨm-driven mitochondrial targeting, real-time fluorescence imaging ability (highly overlapping), and significant antitumor selectivity (cell-specific cytotoxicity with a >15-fold selectivity). Mechanistic investigations revealed that PBD exerts its antitumor effects through mitochondrial membrane potential collapse and subsequent superoxide burst, ultimately triggering apoptosis. This multimodal strategy establishes a new paradigm for image-guided precision therapy in mitochondrial dysfunction-related malignancies.
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