Food Bioscience
·
2020
·
IF 3.067
Liang Gao,Xinyi Cheng,Xuwei Yu,Xiaosan Wang,Qingzhe Jin,Xingguo Wang
1-Oleoyl-2-palmitoyl-3-linoleoylglycerol (OPL) is a critical structured lipid in human milk fat and it plays an important role in infants' health. The development of an efficient method for such compound preparation is necessary. In this study, one- and two-step methods for OPL production by enzymatic acidolysis of fractionated palm stearin with mixed acids were compared in solvent-free and solvent systems. The results demonstrated that in the solvent system, the OPL contents by the one- and two-step methods were 45.8% and 56.7%, respectively. In the solvent-free system, the one- and two-step methods resulted in the formation of 43.7% and 54.8% OPL, respectively. Subsequently, acidolysis conditions of the two-step method were optimized. Under the optimum conditions, the content of OPL was 57.7%, and 83.2% of palmitic acid was at the sn-2 position . The prepared OPL has potential to be applied in infant formulas.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
·
2021
·Vol. 100
·期 12
·3717-3726
·
IF 2.007
Piao Cao,Lin Zheng,Weizhen Sun,Ling Zhao
Four typical Brønsted acidic ionic liquids (BILs) and concentrated sulphuric acid (H 2 SO 4 ) were used to catalyze the transesterification of fish oil with ethanol to produce fatty acid ethyl ester (FAEE) in this work. The experimental results show that the imidazole BILs lead to fewer side reactions and higher product quality than H 2 SO 4 . Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations indicate that [PSMim][HSO 4 ] molecules can be enriched at the interface and enhance the contact of eicosapentaenoic acid triglyceride (EPATG, a typical component of fish oil) and ethanol. And ester groups of EPATG tend to expose more to ethanol in the BILs system, which facilitates the occurrence of transesterification. However, H 2 SO 4 has no positive effect on the distribution of the two reactants. For the transesterification, the interfacial property affects the catalytic activity a lot, instead of catalyst acidity. Also, the reaction rate is accelerated, obviously, by ultrasound-led liquid–liquid phase emulsification.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
催化化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2024
·
IF 4.4
Feng Liu,Linsheng Wang,Simeng Xiang,Xiang Lin,Jiao Feng,Hongyu Yang,Xiaming Feng,Chaojun Wan
Epoxy vitrimers combine the advantages of thermosetting and thermoplastic materials, making them an ideal alternative to traditional thermosetting resins. However, the fabrication of high-performance flame-retardant epoxy vitrimers remains a challenge. In this study, utilizing (2-carboxyethyl)phenylphosphinic acid (CEPPA) as a curing agent, we facilely fabricated a dual-dynamic epoxy vitrimer incorporating carboxylate esters and phosphonate esters (CEEP). Compared to traditional epoxy resin (DDEP), the epoxy vitrimer exhibited tensile strength comparable to traditional epoxy resins and significantly outperformed in terms of Young’s modulus. In comparison to carboxylate ester epoxy vitrimer (PAEP), CEEP demonstrated improved solvent resistance and the ability for recycling without the need for a catalyst. Additionally, CEEP exhibited outstanding flame retardancy, achieving a V-0 rating in UL-94 testing, with a remarkable 66.9% reduction in peak heat release rate (PHRR) and a significant 34.5% decrease in total heat release (THR) in cone calorimetry test compared to DDEP. The work offers a promising way for the facile fabrication of high-performance flame-retardant epoxy vitrimers.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Processes
·
2023
·Vol. 11
·期 6
·1810
·
IF 3.5
Jichao Sun,Hewei Yu,Peisen Zhang,Gaoyu Qi,Xiuxiu Chen,Xiaohui Liang,Hongyu Si
For further resource utilization of solid waste steel slag and the reduction in biodiesel production costs, this study used steel slag as a carrier to synthesize a CaO-CeO2/slag solid base catalyst for the effective transesterification of palm oil into fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs). The synthesis involved a two-step impregnation of steel slag with nitrate of calcium and cerium and thermal activation at 800 °C for 180 min. Then, the catalysts’ textural, chemical, and CO2temperature-programmed desorption properties were characterized. The catalytic activity depended highly on the ratio of Ca-Ce to steel slag mass; the CaO-CeO2/slag-0.8 catalyst showed outstanding performance. Characterization showed that the surface area and total basicity of the Ca-Ce/slag-0.8 catalyst were 3.66 m2/g and 1.289 mmol/g, respectively. The reactivity results showed that FAMEs obtained using 7 wt.% catalyst, 9:1 of methanol-to-palm-oil molar ratio, 180 min reaction duration, and 70 °C reaction temperature was optimum (i.e., 95.3% yield). In addition, the CaO-CeO2/slag-0.8 catalyst could be reused for at least three cycles, retaining 91.2% of FAMEs yield after n-hexane washing. Hence, the catalyst exhibits an excellent potential for cost-effective and environmentally friendly biodiesel production.Keywords:steel slag;calcium oxide;cerium oxide;transesterification;biodiesel
研究领域:
化学工程
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
RENEWABLE ENERGY
·
2020
·
IF 6.274
Tongxin Qu,Shengli Niu,Zhiqiang Gong,Kuihua Han,Yongzheng Wang,Chunmei Lu
CaO is efficient in catalyzing transesterification for biodiesel production , but its industrial application is inherently restricted by active sites leaching. To address this drawback, CaO is decorated into wollastonite to prepare the stable Ca/wollastonite catalyst. Microwave-assisted transesterification is used to produce biodiesel from palm oil, which effectively accelerates the reaction rate and improves the conversion efficiency. The Ca/wollastonite-0.8 catalyst with the mass ratio of CaO to wollastonite of 0.8 performs well with the fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield of 97.59%. Also, this catalyst is highly stable, where the FAME yield of 87.30% could be obtained for the fifth reused cycle. CaO is evenly dispersed on the wollastonite surface and the total basicity is high to 0.281 mmol g −1 . Meanwhile, transesterification parameters are optimized by response surface methodology with central composite design (RSM-CCD) and the maximum FAME yield of 98.46% is achieved at reaction temperature of 64.2 °C, molar ratio of methanol to palm oil of 15.54 and mass ratio of catalyst to palm oil of 9.21 wt % for 3 h. Besides, the mass ratio of catalyst to palm oil is the primary variable. Wollastonite is demonstrated to be feasible to enhance the stability of CaO in catalyzing transesterification.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
可再生能源
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
RENEWABLE ENERGY
·
2022
·
IF 8.634
Xiu Gao,Chao Chen,Wenlu Zhang,Yanping Hong,Chunrong Wang,Guoqiang Wu
A series of sulfated TiO 2 supported Mo ( x Mo/1.5ST) catalysts were synthesized successfully and evaluated for the transesterification of Jatropha seed oil (JO) to biodiesel. Extensive characterization exhibits that the well dispersed Mo oxide species, with Mo 6+ and Mo 5+ oxidation states, were formed on the surface of the sulfated TiO 2 . The results indicate the presence of many sulfates species leads to the reduction of Mo 6+ species to Mo 5+ species. Furthermore, the catalytic activity of the x Mo/1.5ST catalysts gradually increases with the increase of Mo-loading, although the sulfates content and the total acid intensity decrease. The transesterification process was fully investigated, and the 10Mo/1.5ST shows the highest yield of biodiesel of up to 97.42%. Additionally, the possible mechanism for the JO transesterification over Mo/1.5ST was described, and the fuel properties of the as-synthesized biodiesel conformed to the current international standards.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
可再生能源
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Nanomaterials
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 12
·1972
·
IF 5.719
Yihao Li,Hepan Zhao,Wei Xue,Fang Li,Zhimiao Wang
A series of Mg-Zr composite oxide catalysts prepared by the hydrothermal process were used for the transesterification of glycerol (GL) with dimethyl carbonate (DMC) to produce glycerol carbonate (GC). The effects of the preparation method (co-precipitation, hydrothermal process) and Mg/Zr ratio on the catalytic performance were systematically investigated, and the deactivation of the catalyst was also explored. The Mg-Zr composite oxide catalysts were characterized by XRD, TEM, TPD, N2adsorption-desorption, and XPS. The characterization results showed that compared with the co-precipitation process, the catalyst prepared by the hydrothermal process has a larger specific surface area, smaller grain size, and higher dispersion. Mg1Zr2-HT catalyst calcined at 600 °C in a nitrogen atmosphere exhibited the best catalytic performance. Under the conditions of reaction time of 90 min, reaction temperature of 90 °C, catalyst dosage of 3 wt% of GL, and GL/DMC molar ratio of 1/5, the GL conversion was 99% with 96.1% GC selectivity, and the yield of GC was 74.5% when it was reused for the fourth time.Keywords:glycerol carbonate;transesterification;hydrothermal process;Mg-Zr oxides
研究领域:
化学工程
·
催化材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2020
·
IF 4.244
Chen Shen,Xiqing Wang,Yawei Zhu,Jiao Jiao,Sansan Bao,Ping Kou,Hongyi Pan,Yanyan Li,Yujie Fu
In this study, a novel p -toluenesulfonic acid (PTSA) based deep eutectic solvent (DES) was prepared successfully for biodiesel production by one-pot method. The DES consisting of PTSA and tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) exhibited the best catalytic activity among the five prepared DESs. Central composite design (CCD) and response surface methodology were conducted to investigate reaction factors. The maximum oil extraction yield 90.33 % and fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) conversion yield 96.53 % were obtained under the optimal condition: microwave temperature 72 °C, microwave power 500 W, time 40 min, the ratio of liquid to seed weight 27:1 and DES amount 11 wt%. The chemical composition of FAMEs and main physical-chemical properties were investigated and the results demonstrated that the prepared biodiesel product possessed high quality. The study showed the prepared DES was a green and efficient catalyst for rapid and simultaneous extraction and transesterification seed oil for biodiesel production by one-pot method.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
可再生能源
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2019
·
IF 3.375
Xiling Niu,Fenfen Wang,Xiaohui Li,Rongchun Zhang,Qiang Wu,Pingchuan Sun
Vitrimers are fascinating thermoset polymers to the industry since they can be recycled and reprocessed without compromising their mechanical strength and solvent resistance. Particularly, transesterification reaction in the epoxy resin (ER) vitrimers usually requires the incorporation of a catalyst, whereas most reports only focused on investigating the catalytic effect of small molecules, such as zinc acetate (Zn(OAc)2) and triazabicyclodecene (TBD). In this work, a polymer catalyst, poly(acrylonitrile-co-zinc methacrylate) (Zn-PAM), was synthesized by the random copolymerization of zinc methacrylate and acrylonitrile, where the transesterification catalysis efficiency of Zn-PAM was systematically investigated and compared to that of Zn(OAc)2 and TBD by temperature-dependent stress relaxation experiments. It was revealed that Zn-PAM has a higher catalysis efficiency than Zn(OAc)2 and TBD under the same loading between Zn2+ and TBD. Besides, only a tiny amount of polymer catalyst is needed to efficiently catalyze the transesterification reaction while in the meantime enhance the mechanical properties of ER.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Foods
·
2022
·Vol. 11
·期 22
·3592
·
IF 5.561
Houbin Gao,Wei Gao,Xiaomin Yang,Yuanfa Liu,Zhouping Wang
The malleability of Industrial Sheet Margarine (ISM) is essential for the formation of consistent layered structures of pastry products. However, there is limited reporting on how to improve the malleability of ISM with zero trans fatty acids (TFA) at an industrial production scale. Therefore, herein, Shea Olein (SHOL), rich in stearic acid C18:0, was employed as a value-added formulation ingredient to replace palm olein (POL) in palm-based formula (palm stearin:palm kernel olein:palm olein, 50:15:35,w/w/w) and the chemical interesterification (CIE) fat as ISM material was performed to improve the application performance. The addition of SHOL improved the crystallization characteristics by increasing the β’ crystal content from 70.86% to 92.29% compared with a POL-added formula. The hardness of the two formulations after CIE decreased by 60% and 65%, respectively, compared with that before CIE due to the decrease of PPP and POP, and the increase of POS and PSS triacylglycerols. Melting profiles, polymorphism, and crystal structures systematically proved the bending and sheeting features and functional properties. The bending abilities and malleability of ISM with SHOL and CIE fats were significantly improved, resulting in a more conducive application performance. The study provided a practical approach to improving the malleability of ISM in industrial-level production.Keywords:industrial sheet margarine;malleability;polymorphism;shea olein;interesterification
研究领域:
食品科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
RENEWABLE ENERGY
·
2023
·
IF 8.7
Yujiao Zhang,Shengli Niu,Sunwen Xia,Sitong Liu,Jisen Liu
The novel heterogeneous catalysts of SrZr 1- x Fe x O 3 ( x = 0, 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25, 0.30 or 0.40) with acid-base bifunctional property are prepared through the sol-gel method and applied in catalyzing transesterification and esterification from acidified oil to produce biodiesel . The substitution of Zr by Fe in the SrZrO 3 perovskite results in the lattice distortion to generate abundant surface oxygen vacancies . Also, the enhancement of electron density on active sites improves the acidity and basicity of catalyst to construct the acid-base pair sites for high efficiency of biodiesel production . The SrZr 0.75 Fe 0.25 O 3 catalyst shows the strongest catalytic activity and the maximum FAME yield of 99.5% is achieved at the reaction temperature of 178 °C, catalyst amount of 4.5 wt%, methanol to oil molar ratio of 19:1 and reaction duration of 3.4 h through optimizing reaction parameters by convolutional neural network . The catalyst exhibits strong acid resistance and the FAME yield of 93.9% is achieved with 30 wt% oleic acid addition, where methanol is readily adsorbed to Sr site for transesterification and free fatty acids are readily adsorbed to Fe site for esterification. In addition, the SrZr 0.75 Fe 0.25 O 3 catalyst shows satisfactory reusability and the FAME yield of 96.2% is maintained for the fifth reused cycle.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
可再生能源
·
催化材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
·
2013
·Vol. 36
·期 5
·733-739
·
IF 1.366
C. Prommuak,P. Pavasant,A. T. Quitain,M. Goto,A. Shotipruk
Biodiesel and valuable free lutein were demonstrated to be simultaneously produced from Chlorella vulgaris lipid extracts. The alkali catalyst used in the transesterification of triglycerides acted as a reactant in converting lutein fatty acid esters to free lutein. A maximum biodiesel yield of 33.6 % by weight of the algal lipids was obtained after a 4-h reaction with MeOH at the MeOH/biomass ratio of 16:1 using 6 % alkali catalyst. The excess of alkali and MeOH employed in the production of biodiesel ensured the complete saponification of all lutein fatty acid esters to free lutein, giving a maximum yield of 2.3 % by weight of the algal lipids. In addition, a process for the separation of the biodiesel and free lutein products from the reaction mixture is proposed. Finally, a preliminary economic assessment was conducted, the results of which suggest that the process for the simultaneous production of biodiesel and lutein from C. vulgaris may be economically feasible.
研究领域:
生物工程
·
能源生物学
·
植物化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）