FUEL
·
2025
·
IF 7.5
Mengzhu Yu,Jingwen Chen,Zhicheng Zhu,Yaji Huang,Pu Yang,Hao Xu,Menghui Li,Lu Tang,Xihui Fan,Yifan Xu,Dongxu Cui
This study investigated the influence of various additives (CaO, Al 2 O 3 , SiO 2 , kaolin, and calcite) on the volatilization and immobilization of heavy metals during the coal combustion in a horizontal tube furnace (700–1100 ℃). Results showed that the Si/Al-based sorbents had less effect on the mineral changes of the combustion ash of coal than Ca-based sorbents which tend to react with the Si/Al components in coal ash to form Ca-containing aluminosilicates and affect the heavy metal retention. With the increase in combustion temperature, the volatilization of heavy metals gradually increased. At lower temperatures (700–900 ℃), Ca-based additives (CaO and calcite) enhanced Se and Pb retention due to the formation of Ca-Se/Pb compounds and competitive mineral incorporation. However, their efficacy diminished above 900 ℃ due to compound decomposition. The Si/Al-based additives (SiO 2 , Al 2 O 3 , and kaolin) exhibited superior immobilization of Zn, Cu, and Pb at elevated temperatures (1000–1100 ℃), attributed to the formation of aluminosilicates. In addition, when the combustion temperature increased, the toxicity of Se decreased more significantly than other elements as the proportion of acid extractable/exchangeable Se decreased. In contrast, the form distribution of Cr, Ni, and Mn are more influenced by Ca-based minerals. Specially, the proportion of Cr in acid extractable/exchangeable form almost doubled after the addition of CaO and calcite. This work was conducive to the subsequent control of heavy metal emissions in the coal burning process.
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Journal of Energy Storage
·
2025
·
IF 9.8
Xiangdong Zhu,Xuan Long,Jili Xia,Wei Xu,Xinyou He,Zhimin Xiao,Ke Du,Xing Ou
High‑nickel single-crystal materials hold promise for eliminating grain boundaries and enhancing cycle performance, thereby advancing the development of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, challenges such as cation mixing, poor thermal stability, irreversible phase transition, and serious surface side reactions hinder their commercialization. Hence, we address the above problems by bulk phase Al doping and surface B coating strategies, fabricated the modified cathode LiNi 0.65 Co 0.15 Mn 0.20 O 2 (NCMAB). Benefiting from an excellent dual-effect modification strategy, the cation mixing degree of the NCMAB was effectively controlled, and its cycling performance (25 °C, 1C, 1000 cycles, 82 %) and thermal stability (60 °C, 1C, 250 cycles, 87.6 %) were significantly improved. Notably, visible microcracks and unfavorable phase transitions in the pristine cathode material after cycling were effectively avoided. This further promotes the prospect of high‑nickel single-crystal cathode materials at high temperatures.
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MATERIALS CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS
·
2025
·
IF 4.7
Feihong Ye,Zhongxin Liu,Lu Zhou
To address the issues of low yield, high cost, and poor recyclability associated with conventional Pt-based catalysts in the hydrosilylation of fluorinated olefins , this study develops an efficient, stable, and economically sustainable RuCl 3 –FeCl 3 /C supported catalytic system . Through a systematic comparison of different supports (activated carbon, α-Al 2 O 3 , γ-Al 2 O 3 , and ZSM-5) and metal loadings, it was found that 5 wt% RuCl 3 supported on activated carbon achieved a perfluorohexylethyltrimethoxysilane (PFOT) yield of 58 % in the first cycle and maintained over 51 % after three cycles. Introducing FeCl 3 at a Ru:Fe molar ratio of 1:3 further enhanced catalytic performance, increasing the first-cycle yield to 79 % and maintaining over 76 % in subsequent cycles. XPS analysis revealed that Fe 3+ effectively suppresses the reduction of Ru 3+ to Ru 0 by forming an electronic buffer zone, thereby stabilizing the oxidation state of the active center and prolonging catalyst lifetime and selectivity. Kinetic studies confirmed that this synergistic effect reduced the apparent activation energy from 31 kJ/mol to 21 kJ/mol. Compared to existing Pt-based systems, the Ru–Fe bimetallic catalyst demonstrates a superior balance of catalytic activity , operational stability, economic feasibility , and industrial scalability.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2025
·Vol. 51
·期 28
·58163-58170
·
IF 5.6
Ning Guan,Junqi Chen,Huaicheng Xiang,Jie Li,Wei Sun,Yuandong Qin,Ying Tang,Liang Fang
In microwave communication, combining a high quality factor ( Q×f ; i.e., low dielectric loss) with a near-zero temperature coefficient of resonant frequency ( τ f ) remains a significant challenge. Here, we propose to enhance the structural stability of the rock-salt and perovskite layers in K 2 NiF 4 -type ceramics by using entropy engineering methods, thereby reducing dielectric loss and improving the temperature stability of the resonant frequency. Novel high-entropy ceramics Ca(Pr 0.2 Nd 0.2 Sm 0.2 Eu 0.2 Y 0.2 )AlO 4 with a K 2 NiF 4 structure have been synthesized via the solid-state reaction method. Excellent microwave dielectric properties with a low permittivity ( ε r ) of 19.4, a Q×f of 105,223 GHz, and a near-zero τ f of −6.23 ppm/°C were obtained at 1400 °C. A significant enhancement in the mechanical properties of Ca(Pr 0.2 Nd 0.2 Sm 0.2 Eu 0.2 Y 0.2 )AlO 4 ceramic was achieved due to the improvement of configuration entropy. Furthermore, a cylindrical dielectric resonator antenna (CDRA) was developed, showcasing a high simulated radiation efficiency of 93.9 % and a gain of 6.66 dBi at the center frequency of 3.25 GHz. This indicates that Ca(Pr 0.2 Nd 0.2 Sm 0.2 Eu 0.2 Y 0.2 )AlO 4 high-entropy ceramic holds promising applications in satellite communication due to its low dielectric loss.
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Journal of Materials Chemistry C
·
2025
·Vol. 13
·期 47
·23612-23619
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IF 5.1
Wenqiang Li,Qihao Li,Yuehua Chen,Cailing Liu,Wenjing Zhong,Xiang Zhang,Yayun Zhou,Tingting Deng,Jiantao Lü,Ting Fan
Near-infrared phosphor-converted light-emitting diodes (pc-LEDs), as the core light source for smart broadband near-infrared spectroscopy, face critical challenges in balancing luminous efficiency and thermal stability. Herein, we report a Cr3+-doped fluoride phosphor AlF3:Cr3+ with efficient broadband near-infrared (NIR) emission. Under blue-light excitation, AlF3:Cr3+ exhibits a broadband NIR emission centered at 749 nm with a full width at half maximum (FWHM) of 87 nm. Notably, it shows excellent thermal stability, retaining 86.28% of its room-temperature luminescence intensity at 423 K (150 °C). This superior anti-thermal quenching property is attributed to the weak electron–phonon coupling in its crystal structure, characterized by a low Huang–Rhys factor (S = 2.15). By integrating this phosphor with a blue LED chip, we fabricated a NIR pc-LED device with a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 2.2%@20 mA. The device would demonstrate significant advantages in diverse fields, including nondestructive testing, biomedical imaging, and intelligent security, highlighting the great potential of AlF3:Cr3+ for industrial applications.
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Nature Communications
·
2024
·Vol. 15
·期 1
·1-10
·
IF 14.7
Si Yang,Jiao Yueyue,Wang Maolin,Xiang Shengling,Diao Jiangyong,Chen Xiaowen,Chen Jiawei,Wang Yue,Xiao Dequan,Wen Xiaodong,Wang Ning,Ma Ding,Liu Hongyang
For di-nitroaromatics hydrogenation, it is a challenge to achieve the multi-step hydrogenation with high activity and selectivity due to the complexity of the process involving two nitro groups. Consequently, many precious metal catalysts suffer from low activity for this multi-step hydrogenation reaction. Herein, we employ a fully exposed Pt clusters catalyst consisting of an average of four Pt atoms on nanodiamond@graphene (Pt n /ND@G), demonstrating excellent catalytic performance for the multi-step hydrogenation of 2,4-dinitrotoluene. The TOF (40647 h −1 ) of Pt n /ND@G is significantly superior to that of single Pt atoms catalyst, Pt nanoparticles catalyst, and even all the known catalysts. Density functional theory calculations and absorption experiments reveal that the synergetic interaction between the multiple active sites of Pt n /ND@G facilitate the co-adsorption/activation of reactants and H 2 , as well as the desorption of intermediates/products, which is the key for the higher catalytic activity than single Pt atoms catalyst and Pt nanoparticles catalyst.
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PubMed
高影响因子
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
·
2026
·
IF 3.5
Chaoyue Zhang,Mingrui Wang,Xinyue Han,Zheng Shen,Hongying Zhuo,Tianyu Zhang,Xiaofeng Yang,Yanqiang Huang
Metastable hcp-Ni enables the synthesis of highly dispersed and stable Ni/Al 2 O 3 catalyst • Highly dispersed Ni/Al 2 O 3 catalyst delivers 75.7% CO 2 conversion and 100-h stability • Original hcp-Ni particles spontaneously transform into fcc-Ni clusters of ∼2.3 nm • Small Ni clusters promote CO 2 methanation via monodentate formate intermediate • Fcc-Ni precursors undergo severe sintering to ultra-large and less-active particles Ni-based catalysts are promising candidates for CO 2 methanation while their practical applications are limited by particle agglomeration and deactivation. Here, we report a facile strategy to fabricate a highly dispersed and stable Ni/Al 2 O 3 catalyst using metastable hexagonal close-packed (hcp)-Ni as a precursor. Comprehensive characterization reveals that the initial hcp-Ni (∼12.0 nm) spontaneously transforms into uniform face-centered cubic (fcc)-Ni nanoparticles (NPs) of ∼2.3 nm on γ -Al 2 O 3 support during H 2 reduction and CO 2 methanation reaction. The small Ni particles contribute to improved Ni 0 proportion on catalyst surface. In contrast, the original fcc-Ni precursors are prone to sintering, forming ultra-large and less-active Ni aggregates. The highly dispersed Ni NPs derived from hcp-Ni enhance CO 2 adsorption-activation and facilitate the formate-mediated reaction pathway. The resulting hcp-Ni/Al 2 O 3 catalyst delivers a CO 2 conversion of 58.2% with a CH 4 selectivity of 85.4% at 460 °C and endows robust stability exceeding 100 hours. The optimal CH 4 space time yield reaches 179.5 mmol·g cat −1 ·h −1 , exceeding 2.4 times that of fcc-Ni/Al 2 O 3 . This work establishes a reliable synthesis paradigm rooted in crystal-phase regulation, enabling the manufacture of highly dispersed and stable Ni-based catalysts for efficient CO 2 methanation. Manufacturing Highly Dispersed and Stable Ni/Al 2 O 3 Catalysts from hcp-Ni for Enhanced CO 2 Methanation Download: Download high-res image (221KB) Download: Download full-size image
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2026
·
IF 6
Sheng Li,Chaoqi Zhao,Rui Zhang,Junjie Shi,Yuyan Wu,Xiao Zhang,Chuan Wang,Shizhuo Yin,Yandong Li,Jianzhong Li
The Ho 2 O 3 -Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 system exhibits great application potential for advanced environmental barrier coatings and multifunctional materials, whereas critical high-temperature phase equilibrium data remain scarce. In this work, the 1600 °C isothermal section of the ternary system was systematically constructed using equilibration and quenching experiments, combined with X-ray diffractometry (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), electron probe microanalysis (EPMA), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). Crucially, the thermodynamic stability of the Ho 2 Si 2 O 7 phase at 1600 °C and above is confirmed, refining the previously reported Ho 2 O 3 -SiO 2 binary phase diagram. At 1600 °C, the Ho 2 O 3 -Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 system comprises one liquid-phase region, eleven two-phase regions, and nine three-phase regions. The eutectic temperature of the system was measured to be 1359 °C, corresponding to the reaction L ⇋ SiO 2 + Ho 2 Si 3 O 9 + mullite. The solid-solution mechanisms were determined for the two phases Ho 9.33+2 x (Si 1- x Al x O 4 ) 6 O 2 ( x = 0-0.09) and Ho 4 Al 2(1- x ) Si 2 x O 9+ x ( x = 0-0.33). Comparison with FactSage 8.3 calculations reveals that current commercial databases exhibit significant deficiencies for the Ho 2 O 3 -SiO 2 binary system. This study further improves the thermodynamic database of rare-earth oxides. The findings not only provide key data for optimizing CALPHAD thermodynamic models, but also offer an important basis for the composition design and phase regulation of environmental barrier coatings intended for extreme environments.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·
IF 10.4
Xiaolu Zhou,Ling Xia,Yufei Hu,Gongke Li
Preparation of γ-Al2O3/Eu-BTC for catalytic sensing toward terpenes. • A cyclic cataluminescence array sensor based on k-values corresponding to terpenes. • Investigation of the k -value pattern on the variation of terpene composition. • Origin identification of 86 hop samples based on characteristic terpenes. Hops are crucial to beer flavor, but their geographically dispersed origins are prone to confusion, while the significant variation in terpene ratios among hops from different regions provides key support for its origin identification. In this study，γ-Al 2 O 3 /Eu-BTC composite was synthesized for cyclic cataluminescence array sensor to terpenes. The results showed that the corresponding reaction decay coefficients ( k -values) for myrcene, farnesene, and humulene were 24.3, 32.0, and 73.8, respectively, enabling terpene-specific fingerprinting. Binary and ternary terpene mixtures exhibited predictable k -value variations, with relative standard deviations below 9.6%. A rapid detection method for hops identification was developed and successfully applied to 86 samples from six different origins. The method demonstrated both feasibility and accuracy, highlighting its potential as a rapid, simple, and efficient technique for origin identification of hops and other aromatic plants. Download: Download high-res image (160KB) Download: Download full-size image
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2026
·
IF 6
Zhuoqing An,Xiaolong Ni,Zhuang Ma,Yuan Gao,Jiajing Chen
To investigate the effects of La 2 O 3 and Fe 2 O 3 on the structure and high viscosity of the CaO-MgO-Al 2 O 3 -SiO 2 (CMAS) glass system, the microstructure was analyzed using in-situ high-temperature Raman spectroscopy, and the viscosity was measured by high temperature hot-stage. A series of cluster models representing aluminosilicate systems modified by La and Fe ions were constructed, followed by geometric optimization and Raman spectral simulation via quantum chemistry ab initio calculations. The results indicates that the effects of La 2 O 3 and Fe 2 O 3 on both vibrational wavenumber and Raman scattering cross-section (RSCS) followed the order: La < (La + Fe) < Fe. The addition of La 2 O 3 and Fe 2 O 3 loose the glass network structure, and led to a progressive rise in the relative content of Q 0 , Q 1 , and Q 2 units, accompanied by a notable decrease in Q 3 and Q 4 units. Consequently, the high viscosity and viscous flow activation energy decrease with the addition of La 2 O 3 and Fe 2 O 3 , but Fe 2 O 3 has a more pronounced effect. Furthermore, based on the NBO/T for characterizing the microstructure, the relationship between viscosity and microstructure is quantitatively analyzed.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2026
·
IF 6
Reihaneh Jalali Shahrbabaki,Mahdi Feizpour,Hadi Barzegar-Bafrooei,Kaixin Song
Silicate-based microwave dielectric ceramics are increasingly important for next-generation communication systems owing to their low permittivity, high quality factor, and thermal stability. In this study, the influence of mechanical activation on the sintering behavior, structural evolution, and microwave dielectric performance of cordierite ceramics was systematically investigated, with particular emphasis on the minor and major activation conditions represented by 2 h and 32 h milling durations. The powders were subsequently sintered at 1400–1430 °C. Prolonged mechanical activation significantly accelerated densification, enabling near-full density (≥99% TD) to be achieved at 1410–1420 °C, whereas the 2 h milled powders required higher sintering temperatures (1420–1430 °C). Raman spectroscopy revealed subtle local structural variations after sintering, whereas X-ray diffraction and Williamson–Hall analyses confirmed largely comparable long-range crystallographic characteristics. Quantitative SEM-based grain-size analysis involving a statistically significant population of grains demonstrated that prolonged milling primarily reduced grain-size variability and improved microstructural uniformity, while producing only minor changes in the final average grain size. Microwave dielectric measurements showed that the dielectric response evolved from a porosity-controlled regime at lower temperatures toward a microstructure-sensitive regime near full densification. While ε r steadily increased with increasing density for all milling conditions, Q×f exhibited non-monotonic behavior. The highest Q×f value of 50,582 GHz was obtained at 1420 °C for the specimen prepared from the 2 h milled powder, despite its slightly lower density compared with the 32 h counterpart. This finding demonstrates that maximum densification and improved structural homogeneity alone are insufficient to optimize microwave dielectric performance. The optimum dielectric properties corresponded to ε r ≈ 5.35–5.57 and τ f values near −23 ppm/°C. The stability of τ f together with the preserved structural characteristics indicates that intrinsic lattice contributions remained largely unchanged, whereas the variations in Q×f were governed predominantly by processing-induced microstructural evolution, particularly the grain-boundary-related effects associated with the finer grain structure.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2026
·
IF 6
Zhenyu Li,Jian Li,Tengfei Kan,Shiyu Huang,Junbai Liu,Honghai Zhong,Junwu Liu,Yang Jiang
Lithium aluminosilicate (LAS) glass-ceramics with high mechanical performance were synthesized via a streamlined one-step crystallization process doping with yttrium oxide (Y 2 O 3 ). This study systematically investigated the multi-scale synergistic effects of doping (0 - 4 wt%) Y 2 O 3 on the network topology, crystallization kinetics, and macroscopic properties of the LAS system. Spectroscopic and microstructural analyses revealed that at an optimal doping level of 2 wt%, Y 3+ cations act as effective network modifiers. They coordinated with non-bridging oxygens to maximize the proportion of highly interlocking acicular β-spodumene microstructure. Consequently, the glass-ceramics crystallized at 1000 °C for 90 min exhibited superior mechanical properties, achieving a peak flexural strength of 137.5 MPa and a Vickers hardness of 848.6 HV. In addition, excessive Y 2 O 3 additions (>2 wt%) triggered a competitive reaction with the TiO 2 nucleating agents, precipitating a secondary Y 2 Ti 2 O 7 phase. This critical depletion of nucleation sites inevitably led to network depolymerization and abnormal grain coarsening, severely deteriorating the mechanical integrity. Ultimately, this work elucidates the critical compositional window for Y 2 O 3 in LAS glass-ceramics, providing a referenceable empirical foundation for designing high-strength, rigid structural materials.
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