A NiO–Ni foam composite carrier was prepared by the hydrothermal method. Ruthenium metal was supported on the NiO–Ni foam by electroplating, obtaining a highly active bush-like Ru/NiO–Ni foam catalyst. To investigate the effect of NiO on the structure and performance of the catalyst, a Ru/Ni foam catalyst was prepared as a reference. The structures of the carrier and both catalysts were characterized by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and the performances of both catalysts were evaluated in alcoholytic hydrogen production from sodium borohydride. On the carrier with the NiO-treated surface, the active component Ru developed a three-dimensional bush-like structure that enhanced the catalytic activity. Indeed, the hydrogen production from alcoholysis of sodium borohydride was three times higher on the Ru/NiO–Ni foam catalyst than on the Ru/Ni foam catalyst, and the highest rate exceeded 6 L/g/min. The repeated-use stability of the Ru/NiO–Ni catalyst (10 times) also exceeded that of Ru/Ni foam (8 times). However, as both catalysts used the same active component (i.e., Ru), their activation energies were almost identical.
Liping Kong,Chunze Liu,Ji Gao,Yuanyuan Wang,Liyi Dai
The alcoholysis of Kraft lignin was catalyzed by bimetallic Ni-Cu supported on H-Beta, HZSM-5, MAS-7, MCM-41 and SAPO-11 zeolite materials in isopropanol solvent. Results showed that a higher bio-oil yield of 98.80 wt% and monomer yield of 50.83 wt% without obvious char were achieved at 330 °C for 3 h over Ni-Cu/H-Beta catalyst. Isopropanol was found to be more effective in H 2 generation and facilitated to the hydrodeoxygenation of lignin-derived phenolic compounds. Moreover, the composition of liquid products was also influenced by the acidity and pore structure of catalyst. The superior cycloalkanes yield was produced over Ni-Cu/H-Beta with larger pore size and more acidity. In contrast, a large number of cyclic ketones/alcohols and alkanes were obtained over other zeolites supported catalysts with smaller pore size and less acid content. Besides, the temperature, time and solvent effect on the lignin depolymerization were also researched.
The magnetic solid acid, Fe 3 O 4 @PEI@SO 3 H, was synthesized and used as a catalyst to transfer steroid saponins into diosgenin in an alcoholysis approach. The results showed that the magnetic solid acid greatly improved the alcoholysis efficiency for extraction diosgenin from steriod saponins. To optimize the parameters for alcoholysis, such as the mass of the solid acid, solvent volume, the reaction temperature and time, single factor experiments as well as response surface experiment have been performed. Under the optimal conditions, the diosgenin yield obtained by alcoholysis is higher than that of the traditional inorganic acid hydrolysis. And it worth to mention that no waste liquid is discharged. The catalyst is very stable and can be used for three times without obvious mass loss and activity decrease, indicating that the technology of extracting diosgenin from Dioscorea zingiberensis C.H. Wright tuber has a broad prospect in industrial application.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）