Zhenchun Li,Zhanhe Zhang,Xu Ji,Wenyu Wang,MingLu Xu,Huijuan Cui,Chuang Du,Lei Wang
The development of fast, recyclable, and stable adhesion is crucial across multiple fields. Adhesives based on lipoic acid (LA) as a raw material have garnered significant attention; however, their susceptibility to closed-loop depolymerization after polymerization greatly limits their applications. We have designed a stable underwater adhesive through a straightforward preparation process that exhibits high adhesive strength, excellent mechanical properties, and resistance to swelling, making it suitable for soft tissue repair under high burst pressure. This adhesive effectively seals isolated organ breakage and achieves instant adhesion to a variety of substrates. Notably, repeatable adhesion exceeding one hundred cycles has been accomplished. A simple and effective polymerization reaction is employed to prevent depolymerization, allowing for the long-term storage of the adhesive. The adhesive is degradable, biocompatible, and sustainable, enabling reprocessing multiple times to create a robust adhesive interface. The adhesive can be continuously produced using closed-loop recyclable monomers. Additionally, it is utilized in human electromyogram (EMG) and electrocardiogram (ECG) applications, where it effectively collects stable and realistic physiological signals. This study presents a novel, straightforward, and environmentally friendly strategy for designing a stable LA-based underwater adhesive. Furthermore, it offers new insights for the design and application of conductive underwater adhesives.
Jia-Nan Zhang,Hengwei Zhu,Tianqi Liu,Yuanyuan Chen,Chen Jiao,Changcheng He,Huiliang Wang
The adhesion of hydrogels has drawn rapidly growing attention due to its wide potential applications. However, currently reported hydrogel adhesion methods are mostly complex and usually with low adhesion strength . Here we report a convenient and versatile method to achieve strong adhesion of hydrogels. By using negatively charged polyacrylic acid (PAA) and positively charged polyethyleneimine (PEI) as adhesives, strong adhesion is formed between the two hydrogels mainly through electrostatic interactions . Moreover, the adhesion energy can be further enhanced by the pre-complexation of PAA with Fe 3+ at a proper pH (3.0). It's worth noting that the highest adhesion energy of 2178 J/m 2 can be obtained after 10 days' setting. Additionally, the adhesion method enables multiple repeatable adhesion of hydrogels with 87% highly adhesion efficiency after three peeling off-rejoining cycles. This adhesion method can also be applied to the adhesion of other types of hydrogels and adhering hydrogels to other solid materials.
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