HYDROMETALLURGY
·
2025
·
IF 5.3
Yanfei Fan,Dandan Gao,Dongdong Li,Dewen Zeng
Alum is an important intermediate for the extraction and purification of Cs or Rb chemicals, due to its excellent separation ability for Cs, Rb and K. Although the solubility sequence K-alum > Rb-alum > Cs-alum has been well known, the separation factors among Cs, Rb and K during the formation of alum have not been determined. The formation of solid solution of alum controls the Cs or Rb content and Cs/Rb/K ratio in the sequentially precipitated Cs, Rb and K alums. In this study, the thermodynamic equilibrium separation factors were determined from the solid solution-aqueous solution equilibrium data of the two mixed alum systems: (i) RbAl(SO 4 ) 2 , CsAl(SO 4 ) 2 , and H 2 O, and (ii) KAl(SO 4 ) 2 , RbAl(SO 4 ) 2 and H 2 O. The separation factor β Cs/Rb varied from 48 to 2 with the increase of the Rb/Cs ratio in system (i), and β Rb/K varied from 22 to 0.2 with the increase of the K/Rb ratio in system (ii). This suggests that the purification of Cs or Rb using alums is more efficient from raw materials containing high Cs/Rb or Rb/K ratio than that from low Cs/Rb or Rb/K ratio. In kinetic studies, the apparent separation factors β Cs/Rb and β Rb/K were highly affected by the recrystallization process of cooling or non-cooling and the initial composition of raw alum, showing asymmetric kinetic intensification. The separation factors β Cs/Rb or β Rb/K obtained in the “dissolution by heating and crystallization by cooling (DHCC)” process for the raw alum with high initial Cs/Rb or Rb/K molar ratio is several times larger than the equilibrium value expected from thermodynamics. Finally, CsAl(SO 4 ) 2 and RbAl(SO 4 ) 2 with a metal-based purity of 99.97 % and 99.94 %, respectively, were obtained by using the DHCC process 3–4 times.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Metals
·
2023
·Vol. 13
·期 3
·603
·
IF 2.9
Fanyun Chen,Qingshan Gao,Jing Zhang,Hao Deng,Chen Tian,Zhang Lin
Elemental sulfur is an important non-metallic material that is widely used in various fields including chemical, metallurgical and sulfuric acid industries. Polymetallic sulfur slag (PSS) is an important secondary resource for the recovery of sulfur. However, separation of sulfur from PSS is difficult due to the tight binding of some thiophilic metals to sulfur. Herein, we proposed a recrystallization method for the effective separation of sulfur and metals by using organic solvents to control the particle size of sulfur crystals. It was suggested that the particle size of sulfur recovered in the close to saturation state of toluene is about 2000 μm, while the purity is as high as 99.6%. Moreover, the recovery rate is over 95%, which is more than the current commonly used flotation method. The growth mechanism of sulfur crystals under different saturation conditions lays a foundation for the deepening of the growth theory of large-size sulfur crystals. This method realized the effective separation of sulfur from metal sulfides such as FeS2and ZnS, which provided an important guidance for the recovery of sulfur resources through a novel method of recrystallizing regulation.
研究领域:
冶金学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2020
·Vol. 8
·期 27
·13585-13593
·
IF 11.301
Xi Yuan Feng,Kar Wei Ng,Shuang Peng Wang,Wen Zhou Chen,Zhen Zhong Zhang,Wei Chen,Yun Yang Zhao,Bao Tu,Zi Kang Tang,Hui Pan,Zhu Bing He
The amine-induced very fast liquefaction and recrystallization (L&R) process on organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites has been demonstrated to be an effective way to improve the quality of the as-deposited MAPbI3 films and increase the feasibility of preparing large area perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Despite the effectiveness, the reaction mechanism of the L&R process is yet to be well understood. In this work, we investigate the fundamental influences of amines on the structural change of MAPbI3 perovskite by studying the reaction between ammonia and a bulk MAPbI3 crystal. By employing various techniques including in situ X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, we find that NH3 effectively substitutes iodine in the perovskite crystal lattice, transforming the 3-dimensional (3D) lattice into a MAPb(NH3)nI3 coordination complex-based system. The resulting coordination complex octahedral structures are only held together by weak forces of attraction, leading to the experimentally observed L&R process. First-principles calculations further confirm the feasibility of such L&R at room temperature. As a proof of concept, we demonstrated the use of liquefaction for substrate recycling of MAPbI3 based solar cells with ammonia. Our results here provide deep insights for understanding the interaction mechanism, which can surely provide important guidance on improving the quality of perovskite films and related devices, as well as the recycling of toxic lead for long-term sustainability.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
物理化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Nano
·
2018
·
IF 13.709
Yaxin Chen,Liluo Shi,Qiong Yuan,Ang Li,Shaozhuan Huang,Hui Ying Yang,Xiaohong Chen,Jisheng Zhou,Huaihe Song
Although nucleation and crystallization in solution-processed materials synthesis is a natural phenomenon, the morphology design of graphene nanosheets by controlling the dual crystallization has not been established. In this work, we systematically demonstrate how the dual crystallization of ice and potassium chloride induces the morphological variation of the freeze-dried scaffold from fractal structure toward stepped sheet-like structure. A denim-like graphene nanosheet (DGNS) has been fabricated by annealing the F127-coated stepped sheet-like scaffold in nitrogen. DGNS shows parallel and straight stripes with an average stripe spacing of 10 nm. When used as a lithium-ion battery anode, DGNS possesses a superhigh reversible capacity of 1020 mAh g–1 at the current density of 1 A g–1 after 600 cycles. This work reports the control of dual crystallization of ice and salt crystals and provides an efficient way to design the morphology of two-dimensional materials by adjusting the crystallization.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2021
·Vol. 105
·期 3
·1640-1647
·
IF 3.784
Bin Han,Qianhang Luo,Pengyu Zhang,Ting Zhang,Guowu Tang,Zhe Chen,Hang Zhang,Baoan Zhong,Yunhao Zeng,Min Sun,Qi Qian,Zhongmin Yang
In the field of multimaterial optical fibers, the demand for high-performance single-crystal core glass-clad multimaterial optical fibers is increasing. However, the applications of single-crystal fibers are restricted by the complex fabrication processes and the slow growth of single-crystal materials. Here, a two-step method is demonstrated to achieve single-crystal tellurium (Te) core fibers with high crystal quality over the length of the fiber. This method starts with the thermal drawing of a fiber preform into polycrystalline Te core multimaterial fibers (precursor fibers) that are long and mechanically stable. A 532-nm continuous laser is then employed to recrystallize the Te core in the precursor fiber into a single crystal state along the entire length of the fiber. Experimental studies of these single-crystal fibers demonstrate that the single-crystal Te core fibers possess high transmittance (>90% at 2–10 μm) and high thermoelectric performance (ZT values from 0.03 to 0.13 at 300 K temperature). They are superior to previous reports and our previous work. This method works for fabricating various single-crystal fibers and has important applications in the field of optical fibers, functional fibers, and their integrated devices.
研究领域:
光学
·
材料科学
·
光电子学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
·
2022
·
IF 11.504
Bin Zhou,Yalei Dai,Dashan Guo,Jiajia Zhang,Hongshan Liang,Bin Li,Jing Sun,Jian Wu
During freezing, the formation and recrystallization of ice crystals cause damage to the frozen dough. The effect of desalted duck egg white and gelatin (DDG) on the overall changes of frozen dough during storage was studied. The results showed that the addition of DDG slowed down the increase of the freezable water content and water fluidity of dough, increased the elastic and viscous modulus, and reduced the loss tangent (tanδ) during the frozen storage process, thus improving the quality of frozen dough. After 28 days of frozen storage in the presence of DDG, the levels of free thiols in frozen dough increased less than those in the control group, weakening the damage to the secondary structure and microstructure of the protein. The addition of DDG had a positive effect on the quality of frozen dough during the 0–28 days frozen storage.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
·
2022
·Vol. 101
·期 7
·3771-3785
·
IF 2.5
Siying Wang,Lanlan Xie,Qilei Yang,Yuting Geng,Hedi Kang,Xiuhua Zhao
This study aimed to obtain paeonol with high purity by using the combination of steam distillation and antisolvent recrystallization (ASR) and to reduce the energy consumption and CO 2 emission in the preparation process. First, different experimental parameters were optimized by response surface methodology (RSM). Under the optimal conditions, the purity and yield of the as-obtained paeonol were about 98% and 56.97%, respectively. The physicochemical properties of purified paeonol were tested, showing consistency with those of standard paeonol. The energy consumption and CO 2 emission of the preparation process of ASR and single-solvent recrystallization were also investigated. Results showed that the energy consumption and CO 2 emission of ASR were about 4.41 J/mg and 0.006 kg/mg, respectively, which were 6.89 J/mg and 0.0095 kg/mg lower than those of ethanol recrystallization, respectively, and 50.22 J/mg and 0.0144 kg/mg lower than methanol those of recrystallization, respectively. The above results showed that ASR could obtain paeonol with high purity in a high-efficiency, low-energy, and environmentally protective manner.
研究领域:
中药化学
·
环境科学
·
制药工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Energetic Materials Frontiers
·
2021
·
IF 0
Jue-yong Ning,Jin-bo Liu,Jian-zhe Liu,Qing-hua Zhang,Wen-quan Zhang,Huan-ming Xia,Rui-qi Shen,Peng Zhu
A multi-parallel recrystallization system based on microfluidic technology was established for rapid recrystallization-condition screening and small-batch preparation of high-quality explosives. The system employs a T-shaped tree chip and four parallel oscillating flow microreactors to scale up the microfluidic system and to realize multi-channel explosive preparation. Explosive 2,6-diamino-3,5-dinitropyrazine-1-oxide (LLM-105) was used to study the ability of the multi-parallel recrystallization system in the screening of recrystallization conditions including solvent types, the ratio of anti-solvent flow rate to solvent flow rate, and surfactant types. Results show that the system can effectively screen the preparation conditions of LLM-105 and simultaneously prepare 2,2′,4,4′,6,6′-hexanitrostilbene (HNS), 1,3,5-trinitroperhydro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), and octahydro-1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocine (HMX) with high-quality crystal morphology.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 9.4
Xin Li,Jian Zhang,Jie Liu,Feng Zhang,Siyuan Luo,Huaiqiang Ba,Yu Zhang,Xuhui Xu,Zhichao Liu
Due to the sensitivity to water, the all-inorganic CsPbBr 3 nanocrystals have been widely applied in information encryption with spatial dimensions. However, the absence of time-dimension information limits the information capacity for the application of CsPbBr 3 . In this work, the CsPbBr 3 nanocrystal was combined with water-sensitive borophosphate glass, achieving decomposing/recrystallization of CsPbBr 3 nanocrystal with multi-dimension. The addition of SiO 2 confirms that the collapse of the borophosphate glass network structure causes the exposure of the CsPbBr 3 nanocrystals. The decomposition and recrystallization mechanism of CsPbBr 3 nanocrystals in glass-ceramics upon encountering water has been verified. Finally, an information encryption strategy, using the mixture of CsPbBr 3 glass ceramic and sodium carboxymethylcellulose as ink, is designed via adopting screen-printing technology, which not only provides a new idea for the preparation of CsPbBr 3 nanocrystals, but also establish a new avenue for the information encryption technology.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光学工程
·
信息安全
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Nanoscale
·
2015
·Vol. 7
·期 12
·5427-5434
·
IF 7.394
Weidong Zhu,Tao Yu,Faming Li,Chunxiong Bao,Hao Gao,Yong Yi,Jie Yang,Gao Fu,Xiaoxin Zhou,Zhigang Zou
A high-quality CH3NH3PbI3 film is crucial in the manufacture of a high-performance perovskite solar cell. Here, a recrystallization process via facile fumigation with DMF vapor has been successfully introduced to self-repair of CH3NH3PbI3 films with poor coverage and low crystallinity prepared by the commonly used one-step spin-coating method. We found that the CH3NH3PbI3 films with dendritic structures can spontaneously transform to the uniform ones with full coverage and high crystallinity by adjusting the cycles of the recrystallization process. The mesostructured perovskite solar cells based on these repaired CH3NH3PbI3 films showed reproducible optimal power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 11.15% and average PCE of 10.25 ± 0.90%, which are much better than that of devices based on the non-repaired CH3NH3PbI3 films. In addition, the hysteresis phenomenon in the current–voltage test can also be effectively alleviated due to the quality of the films being improved in the optimized devices. Our work proved that the fumigation of solvent vapor can modify metal organic perovskite films such as CH3NH3PbI3. It offers a novel and attractive way to fabricate high-performance perovskite solar cells.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
太阳能技术
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
·
2016
·Vol. 39
·期 7
·1301-1308
·
IF 2.385
Yuan Gang Zu,Lingling Wang,Xiuhua Zhao,Yuanyuan Li,Weiwei Wu,Chang Zu,Yannian Huang,Mingfang Wu,Ziqi Feng
The content of flavonoids in Gingko biloba extract (GBE) could be increased by antisolvent recrystallization (ASR) using ethanol as solvent and hexane as antisolvent. By means of the single-factor method, the effect of main factors on the content of flavonoids in purified GBE was investigated. Under optimal conditions, the content of flavonoids and ginkgo terpene lactones in purified GBE could be significantly enhanced. In addition, the content of total ginkgolic acid in purified GBE was reduced. The morphologies of raw and purified GBE were characterized by scanning electron microscopy. It was found that the particle size of purified GBE was much smaller than that of raw GBE. At the same time, the saturated solubility could be improved by more than four times.
研究领域:
植物化学
·
药物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Solar RRL
·
2023
·Vol. 7
·期 19
·2300482
·
IF 7.9
Hui Deng,Zekun Chen,Weihao Xie,Muhammad Ishaq,Kefei Wu,Xinxin Feng,Yubin Kang,Weihuang Wang,Shuying Cheng
Antimony sulfide (Sb 2 S 3 ) solar cells have attracted extensive attention in silicon-based tandem solar cells. The performance of Sb 2 S 3 devices fabricated by the vacuum method is limited by sulfur vacancies ( V S ) and surface oxide defects during high-temperature processes. Herein, amorphous Sb 2 S 3 film based on low-temperature rapid thermal evaporation (RTE) technique is fabricated to overcome S loss. Moreover, a sulfur-atmosphere recrystallization strategy is further developed to obtain high-quality absorbers from the amorphous film. The element content of Sb 2 S 3 film is completely in accord with the stoichiometric ratio (2:3), and the surface oxides are effectively suppressed, enhancing V OC and fill factor. Compared to the control directly crystallized film, the defect concentrations of the S-recrystallized Sb 2 S 3 film are reduced by 61%, exhibiting better uniformity and higher PN junction quality. Ultimately, the full-inorganic Sb 2 S 3 solar cells (FTO/TiO 2 /Sb 2 S 3 /Au) achieve an efficiency of 6.25%. The S-atmosphere recrystallization process can effectively passivate bulk defects ( V S and Sb 2 O 3 ) and suppress recombination to improve device performance, which will provide new prospects for vacuum method-based Sb 2 S 3 thin film solar cells.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）