Nature Synthesis
·
2025
·
IF 20
Sheng Weiming,Xie Fei,Rajeshkumar Thayalan,Zhao Yue,Jiang Yufei,Chen Wang,Ye Shengfa,Maron Laurent,Zhu Congqing
Theoretical studies predict that homoatomic metal–metal bonds of f -block actinide elements should be ubiquitous. Surprisingly, however, the isolation and characterization of compounds featuring an actinide–actinide bond has proven challenging and the field remains undeveloped. Here we report a well-defined thorium dimer featuring a Th–Th two-centre one-electron (2c-1e) σ bond and a 2c-1e π bond. This thorium dimer was synthesized by reducing a Th(IV) chloride complex with potassium metal in tetrahydrofuran. Magnetic measurements indicate that this thorium dimer features exceedingly strong antiferromagnetic coupling between the two formal Th(III) centres with a coupling constant J ≤ −1,200 cm −1 such that the Th–Th interaction has covalent bond character. Detailed computational investigations further support the existence of the Th–Th bond in this molecule. These results demonstrate that diactinide complexes with actinide–actinide bonds are accessible but require an appropriate ligand framework to stabilize low-valent actinide centres.
研究领域:
无机化学
·
理论化学
·
配位化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 1.6
Liu Zuohai,Li Xiang,Liu Daqian,Weng Xuchen,Huang Min,Liu Zhirong
During the tantalum ore smelting process, radioactive substances such as uranium and thorium accumulate in the slag, posing significant environmental risks if not properly treated. The traditional acid leaching method remains suboptimal for extracting these elements from tantalum slag. To address this limitation, this study employed aluminum salt as leaching aid, effectively enhancing uranium and thorium extraction efficiency. This approach offers a novel methodology for recovering uranium and thorium from refractory slag generated after tantalum ore smelting.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
核化学
·
冶金工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
·
2019
·Vol. 321
·期 2
·671-681
·
IF 1.186
Xiu Taoyuan,Liu Zhirong,Yang Lingfang,Wang Yun
The hydrated manganese dioxide (HMO) was synthesized by hydrothermal process using MnSO 4 and KMnO 4 . The adsorption of HMO for Th(IV) and U(VI) were investigated by batch static adsorption experiments. The HMO and MnO 2 were characterized by FT-IR, XRD and SEM. At the same time, the adsorption mechanism is discussed. The adsorption process was in line with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and Langmuir isothermal model. The maximum adsorption capacities were Th ( T = 308 K, C 0 = 200 mg L −1 , q max = 218.34 mg g −1 ) and U ( T = 308 K, C 0 = 200 mg L −1 , q max = 55.19 mg g −1 ).
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Science China-Chemistry
·
2025
·
IF 9.7
Ma Jingqi,Yang Junpu,Lu Huangjie,Xu Tingrui,Hou Huiliang,Scalia Raffaele,Lin Jian
Understanding the fundamental properties of actinide-based materials is pivotal in unlocking new solutions for challenges in nuclear waste management. In this work, we showcase a novel thorium cluster ( Th-npc ) that exhibits an extremely rare Th–N bond capping the square antiprismatic Th 4+ metal center. Remarkably, Th-npc exhibits both photochromic and radiochromic behaviors under UV and X-ray radiation, respectively, allowing for distinct, measurable colorimetric shifts that facilitate a red-green-blue (RGB) radiation dosimetry method. The integration of Th-npc with a custom-built optoelectronic device enables on-site radiation dosimetry, offering the advantages of simple operation and rapid data acquisition. Additionally, this work pioneers the application of actinide materials in photothermal conversion, opening new avenues for the strategic utilization of thorium-based compounds.
研究领域:
核化学
·
材料科学
·
辐射物理
·
光电子学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED CLAY SCIENCE
·
2021
·
IF 5.467
Baihui Zhai,Shan Zhu,Qiang Tian,Na Li,Minhao Yan,Mark J. Henderson
The present study concerns the removal of thorium and uranium from aqueous solution, and particularly the effect of clay particle size and morphology on the adsorption of polynuclear actinide complexes by synthetic saponite nanoscale powders. Saponites were synthesized from a reactant mixture containing aluminum nitrate, magnesium nitrate, and either sodium silicate or sodium germanate . The saponite powders were analyzed by TEM , XRD , SAXS , N 2 -adsorption-desorption isotherms and FT-IR. Ge-saponite contained randomly stacked platelets ≈ 100 nm long and 80 nm wide, while Si-saponite showed roughly spherical agglomerates ≈ 60–80 nm in size. Small-angle X-ray scattering measurements indicated a hierarchical pore network among the plates and their agglomerates. Thorium polymers composed of fractal aggregates of branched filaments were characterized by synchrotron radiation-SAXS. The distribution coefficient ( K d mL/g) values for thorium (20 μg/mL) at pH 4 were: Ge-saponite (10 5 ) ≈ Si-saponite (10 5 ) > raw saponite (10 4 ) ≈ raw saponite (washed) (10 4 ). The K d values for uranium (20 μg/mL) at pH 5.5 were: Ge-saponite (10 3 ) ≈ raw saponite (washed) (10 3 ) ≈ Si-saponite (10 3 ) ≈ raw saponite (10 3 ). The difference in uranyl adsorption performance observed between the two nanoparticle forms of saponite was attributed to a larger pore width for Ge-saponite (3.5 nm) compared with Si-saponite (0.8 nm). The results have implications for mineral ore tailings containing thorium(IV) and, by analogy, Pu(IV) in a clay buffer environment within a geological repository for high-level nuclear waste .
研究领域:
环境科学
·
放射化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 1.5
Gado Mohamed A.
(Pyridine-2,5-diylbis(azaneylylidene)) bis-(methaneylylidene)) bis(benzene-5,1,3-triyl) tetrakis (hydrogen phosphonate) (PZMB) was successfully synthesized for Th(IV) and Ce(IV) adsorption, the adsorption parameters evaluated and found to be pH 3.5, time 60 min, dose 0.15 g. Adsorption kinetics, isotherm, and thermodynamics studies. Adsorption kinetics studies show that adsorbent follow pseudo-second-order model while isotherm studies conclude that adsorption processes fitted Langmuir and D-R isotherm model. The maximum adsorption capacity of BZMB of Th(IV) and Ce(IV) are 366.4 and 244.53 mg/g respectively, Thermodynamic studies indicate both adsorption processes exhibited by the PZMB were endothermic, spontaneous and sorption occurs in a random manner.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2014
·
IF 3.065
Huang Huang,Songdong Ding,Dongping Su,Ning Liu,Jieru Wang,Mengling Tan,Jianen Fei
N , N , N ′, N ′, N ″, N ″-hexaoctylnitrilotriacetamide (NTAamide(C8)) and N,N,N ′ ,N ′ ,N ″ ,N ″-hexabutylnitrilotriacetamide (NTAamide(C4)) were synthesized for selective solvent extraction of Th(IV) from U(VI) and lanthanides(III) (Lns(III)) and for coordination between Th(IV) and NTAamide, respectively. NTAamide(C8) exhibits excellent extraction power and selectivity toward Th(IV) over U(VI) and Lns(III) in a wide range of acidity from 0.1 to 10.0 M HNO 3 . Very high SF Th/M in the range between 2.5 × 10 2 and 10 × 10 3 was observed. Slope analysis shows that Th(IV), U(VI) and Lns(III) were all extracted as mono-solvated species at 3.0 M HNO 3 . The thermodynamic parameters describing the extraction of Th(IV) indicate that the process is endothermic and spontaneous at 298 K. The single-crystal X-ray diffraction observations also establish that 1:1 complex is formed between NTAamide and thorium nitrate, which are in good accordance with the solvent extraction results, and NTAamide is coordinated with Th(IV) in a tetradentate coordination mode.
研究领域:
化学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
·
2016
·
IF 3.926
Yanliang Chen,Yuezhou Wei,Linfeng He,Fangdong Tang
To separate thorium and uranium in nitric acid solution using anion exchange process, a strong base silica-based anion exchange resin (SiPyR-N4) was synthesized. Batch experiments were conducted and the separation factor of thorium and uranium in 9 M nitric acid was about 10. Ion exchange chromatography was applied to separate thorium and uranium in different ratios. Uranium could be eluted by 9 M nitric acid and thorium was eluted by 0.1 M nitric acid. It was proved that thorium and uranium can be separated and recovered successfully by this method.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
放射化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
·
2017
·Vol. 314
·期 3
·1607-1618
·
IF 1.282
Liu Huijun,Qi Caixia,Feng Zhiyuan,Lei Lanlin,Deng Shanxia
The adsorption of thorium(IV) was studied using a novel supramolecular polyrotaxane based on β-cyclodextrin derivatives. The effects of pH, contact time, Th(IV) initial concentration and adsorbents dosage on the adsorption of thorium(IV) by polyrotaxane were optimized using Box–Behnken design of response surface methodology. Analysis of variance and correlation coefficients showed that the predicted model was consistent with the experimental data well. The adsorption best fitted to the Langmuir model indicated that the adsorption process happened on homogeneous surface. The thermodynamic parameters (∆ G
0 < 0, ∆ H
0 > 0, ∆ S
0 > 0) demonstrated that the adsorption of Th(IV) ions onto polyrotaxane was spontaneous and endothermic.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
·
2013
·Vol. 298
·期 3
·1999-2008
·
IF 1.467
Pan Ning,Guan Debin,He Ting,Wang Ruibing,Wyman Ian,Jin Yongdong,Xia Chuanqin
The removal of Th 4+ ions from aqueous solutions was investigated using single-layer graphene oxide (GO) as a sorbent which was prepared by the modified Hummers’ method through batch adsorption experiments at room temperature. Structural characterizations of the sorbent were also investigated. The influences of the pH value of solution, contact time, sorbent dose, ionic strength, the initial metal ion concentration and temperature on the adsorption of Th 4+ were also investigated. These results indicated that the adsorption of Th 4+ was dependent on the pH and independent on the ionic strength. The sorbent provided significant Th 4+ removal (>98.7 %) at pH 3.0 and the adsorption equilibrium was achieved after only 10 min. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm fit the absorption profile very closely, and indicated that a maximum adsorption capacity of 1.77 mmol g −1 of GO (411 mg g −1 ) after 2 h. The thermodynamic parameters showed that this adsorption process was endothermic and spontaneous. Moreover, the desorption level of Th 4+ from GO, by using 0.1 mol L −1 H 2 SO 4 as a stripping agent, was 84.2 ± 1.2 %, and that of 0.5 mol L −1 HNO 3 as a stripping agent, was 79.8 ± 3.0 %.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
·
核化学
·
水处理技术
·
吸附科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF RADIOANALYTICAL AND NUCLEAR CHEMISTRY
·
2021
·Vol. 327
·期 3
·1251-1258
·
IF 1.371
Fu Xuan,Zhang Fang,Wu Qiang,Li Yang,Huang Qing-Gang,Yan Ze-Yi
In this study, extraction and separation of thorium(IV) and a few representative rare earths in HNO 3 media was evaluated using trioctylmethylammonium nitrate ([A336][NO 3 ]) ionic liquid. An unexpected novel extraction mechanism was identified based on the studies in the slope analysis and ESI–MS spectrum. The trimer of [A336][NO 3 ] was confirmed to dominate the extraction reaction by ESI–MS spectrum before and after the extraction. The extraction efficiency of La(III), Eu(III) and Lu(III) by [A336][NO 3 ] are much lower than Th(IV) in acid medium, which means that it is possible to separate thorium from rare earths or the rare earth ores by using [A336][NO 3 ].
研究领域:
化学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RADIOACTIVITY
·
2016
·
IF 2.047
Sai Zhou,Hailu Kai,Zhongyong Zha,Zhendong Fang,Dingna Wang,Liang Du,Dong Zhang,Xiaojie Feng,Yongdong Jin,Chuanqin Xia
Brassica juncea var. foliosa ( B . juncea var. foliosa) is a promising species for thorium (Th) phytoextraction due to its large biomass, fast growth rate and high tolerance toward Th. To further understand the mechanisms of Th tolerance, the present study investigated the subcellular distribution and chemical forms of Th found in B . juncea var. foliosa Our results indicated that in both roots and leaves, Th contents in different parts of the cells follow the order of cell wall > membranes and soluble fraction > organelles . In particular, Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) analysis showed that Th was abundantly located in cell walls of the roots. Additionally, when plants were exposed to different concentrations of Th, we have found that Th existed in B . juncea var. foliosa with different chemical forms. Much of the Th extracted by 2% acetic acid (HAc), 1 M NaCl and HCl in roots with the percentage distribution varied from 47.2% to 62.5%, while in leaves, most of the Th was in the form of residue and the subdominant amount of Th was extracted by HCl , followed by 2% HAc. This suggested that Th compartmentation in cytosol and integration with phosphate or proteins in cell wall might be responsible for the tolerance of B . juncea var. foliosa to the stress of Th.
研究领域:
植物学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）