METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
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2022
·Vol. 53
·期 4
·2227-2238
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IF 2.872
Yue Hong-Rui,Liu Jian-Xing,Cheng Gong-Jin,Xue Xiang-Xin,Zhang Wei-Jun
The material accumulation during roasting in the practical production causes the hypoxia of the internal materials, leading to the relatively lower vanadium recovery than that in theoretical studies. This work aims to solve the problem of material hypoxia through the Na 2 O 2 -briquetting roasting route. The vanadium slag and Na 2 O 2 powders were mixed, briquetted, and roasted at various parameters. The generated phases and their distributions were analyzed using X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and electron probe microanalysis. The analyzing results showed that Fe 2 O 3 , Fe 3 O 4 , Mg 0.165 Mn 0.835 O, CaTiO 3 , and Na 3 VO 4 were generated during roasting. The solid–solid reaction between V 2 O 5 and Na 2 O was described using the vacancy-mediated diffusion mechanism. Na + (or V 5+ ), in the Na 2 O (or V 2 O 5 ) layer, jumped and diffused through the Na + (or V 5+ ) vacancies (in the Na 3 VO 4 layer) to the Na 3 VO 4 /V 2 O 5 (or Na 3 VO 4 /Na 2 O) interface. Na + (or V 5+ ) reacted with V 2 O 5 (or Na 2 O) and O 2 decomposed from Na 2 O 2 or transported from the air to generate Na 3 VO 4 . The roasted mixture was leached in an aqueous solution to study the effects of the roasting variables on the vanadium leaching recovery. The vanadium leaching recovery was very sensitive to the roasting variables, it showed very complicated relationships with the Na/V molar ratio, temperature, time, and briquetting pressure. The maximum vanadium leaching recovery of 95.57 pct was achieved when the Na/V molar ratio, temperature, time, and pressure were optimized as 3/1, 850 °C, 2.5 hours, and 5 MPa, respectively. The leaching solution containing vanadium was processed via precipitation and calcination to gather vanadium. The obtained compound was identified as V 2 O 5 with a purity of 96.84 pct, based on the high consistency of diffraction peaks between the present work and that of the joint committee on powder diffraction standards.
研究领域:
冶金学
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材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
HYDROMETALLURGY
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2023
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IF 4.7
Guopeng Yang,Qinggang Li,Guiqing Zhang,Mingyu Wang,Zuoying Cao,Wenjuan Guan,Jiawei Du,Shengxi Wu
Traditional vanadium extraction process, which involves H 2 SO 4 stripping after solvent extraction followed by ammonium vanadate precipitation, faced the issues of large amount of reagent consumption and discharge of ammonia contaminated wastewater. Hydrogen peroxide stripping and precipitation of vanadium products by heating process was considered as a novel alternative for H 2 SO 4 stripping - ammonium vanadate precipitation route due to the ammonia-free wastewater and high efficiency. However, it was found that the V stripping efficiency was in the range of 54.9% ∼ 97.7% during the pilot test of 3-stage counter-current stripping, which was extremely unstable, as the high stripping efficiency (>95%) could only be achieved in a very short operation time (within 30 s). To solve these issues, the ion species transformation and the stripping mechanism of V with H 2 O 2 were systematically investigated. In this study, experimental results demonstrated that re-extraction led to a decrease of stripping efficiency. The use of D2EHPA alone without TBP as a modifier had a clear effect on prolonging the duration of maximum stripping efficiency at the optimal conditions so that the continuous operation of the pilot test was possible. The optimal stripping conditions were a molar ratio of H 2 O 2 :V of 4:1, phase ratio (O/A) of 3:1, temperature of 20 °C，stripping time of 8 min and the operation time of 3 min which resulted a ∼ 98% V stripping efficiency. In addition, the precipitation of vanadium products by heating, proposed in this work was a cleaner and more efficient V precipitation procedure that didn't require any reagents and produced no wastewater. Eventually, heating the strip liquor at 100 °C for 1 h resulted a precipitation efficiency of 96% V. The intermediate precipitated products (V 5 O 12 ∙6H 2 O and V 10 O 24 ∙12H 2 O) were roasted to obtain V 2 O 5 with a purity of >99%. Finally, the new process saves 885.2 $/t V 2 O 5 compared with the traditional process according to the cost analysis. The research results provide an efficient, clean and economical process for recovering V 2 O 5 from titanium-white waste.
研究领域:
冶金工程
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环境工程
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DOI
高影响因子
HYDROMETALLURGY
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2019
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IF 3.465
Tingting Sun,Yajing Pan,Xiao Sun,Yongqiang Zhang
An environmentally friendly approach was reported for recovering vanadium (V) from aqueous media with aqueous two-phase system (ATPS) formed by poly (ethylene glycol) 2000 (PEG2000) and sodium sulfate with octadecyl amine ethoxylate ethers as extractants. The effect of aqueous pH, the type of extractants and phase-forming salts, vanadium concentration and extracting temperature on the extraction performance of vanadium was investigated. The researched results indicated that the extraction rate of vanadium has remarkable relationship with vanadium species in aqueous phase, and the selected extractants can extract efficiently vanadium from salt-rich to PEG200-rich phase. The initial and equilibrium pH in aqueous phase has no relationship with vanadium concentration, and there is no new covalent bond generation between polyvanadate anion and extractant in PEG 2000-rich phase by FTIR, which can be deduced that polyvanadate anion is extracted into PEG 2000-rich phase due to the electrostatic attraction interaction between protonated extractant and polyvanadate anion. Adding chloride and nitrate in aqueous two-phase system could remarkably decrease the extraction rate of vanadium, and then sulfate is in favor of extracting vanadium. The extraction rate of vanadium decreases with increasing temperature from 40.0 °C to 60.0 °C, which showed the phase transfer of vanadium from salt-rich phase to PEG2000-rich phase is exothermal, resulting from the difference of interaction energy among all compositions in aqueous two-phase system. The vanadium can be easily separated out from the solution containing Fe(III), Co(II), Ni(II), Cu(II), Zn (II), Al(III), Cr(III) and Mn(II) under the suitable conditions. The stripping rate and precipitation rate of vanadium can be easily achieved to 90% and 80%, respectively, in single stage stripping with ammonium carbonate solution as stripping agent and phase-forming salt.
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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2023
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IF 7.7
Yutong Duan,Xianjia Peng,Xingyun Hu
Vanadium is a kind of heavy metal pollutant listed as priority control by various countries, but it is also a strategic valuable metal. The current treatment of vanadium-containing wastewater suffers from the waste of vanadium resources and produces large volumes of hazardous wastes . An innovative approach was proposed to address these problems. The method involved selectively recovering vanadium from wastewater using Bi 2 O 3 and preparing Bi-V photocatalyst in situ. By optimizing the conditions, the recovery efficiency of pentavalent vanadium (V(V)) was 99.6%. The recovered product was determined to be 1.14*Bi 2 O 3 @BiVO 4 , and it was proved to be a heterojunction structure by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The band gap was calculated to be 2.32 eV by UV–vis analysis. Under visible light, the degradation rate and efficiency of AO7 by 1.14*Bi 2 O 3 @BiVO 4 was 0.906 h −1 and 84.86%, respectively. The degradation pathway of AO7 was also revealed. The improved photocatalytic performance of the Bi 2 O 3 @BiVO 4 could be attributed to the p-n heterojunction, excitating ·O 2 − and ·OH under visible light. Thus, this method solved the problem of both vanadium discharge in wastewater and the difficulty of vanadium resource utilization, and had practical utilization value.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
WATER RESEARCH
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2024
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IF 11.4
Rongyue Geng,Baogang Zhang,Haoyi Cheng,Mengnan Wang,Zhi Dang
Microbial reduction under anaerobic condition is a promising method for remediating vanadate [V(V)] contamination in aquifers, while V(V) may be re-generated with redox fluctuations. The inability to remove vanadium after remediation has become a key issue limiting bioremediation. In this study, we proposed the use of pyrrhotite, a natural mineral with magnetic properties, to immobilize V(V) to insoluble V(IV) under microbial action and remove vanadium from the aquifer using a magnetic field, which could avoid the problem of V(V) recontamination under redox fluctuating conditions. Up to 49.0 ± 4.7 % of vanadium could be removed from the aquifer by the applied magnetic field, and the vanadium in the aquifer after the reaction was mainly in the acid-extractable and reducible states. pH had a strong effect on the magnetic recovery of V(V), while the influence of initial V(V) concentration was weak. Microbial community structure analysis showed that Thiobacillus, Proteiniphilum, Fermentimonas , and Desulfurivibrio played key roles for V(V) reduction and pyrrhotite oxidation. Structural equation model indicated the positive correlation between these genera with the magnetic recovery of vanadium. Real time-qPCR confirmed the roles of functional genes of V(V) reduction ( napA and nirK ) and SO 4 2− reduction ( dsrA ) in such biological processes. This study provides a novel route to sustainable V(V) remediation in aquifers, with synchronous recovery of vanadium resources without rebound.
研究领域:
环境微生物学
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水资源管理
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地球化学
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生物修复技术
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2022
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IF 14.224
Zihan Qin,Yuzhen Wang,Liang Sun,Yuanxiang Gu,Yan Zhao,Lei Xia,Yang Liu,Bart Van der Bruggen,Yang Zhang
Industrial applications and environmental awareness recently prompted vanadium recovery spell from secondary resources. In this work, a polymer inclusion membrane containing trioctylmethylammonium chloride as carrier was successfully employed in electrodialysis for vanadium recovery from acidic sulfate solutions. The permeability coefficient of V(V) increased from 0.29 µm·s -1 (without electric field) to 4.10 µm·s -1 (with the 20 mA·cm -2 current density) . The transport performance of VO 2 SO 4 - , which was the predominant species containing V(V) in the acidic region (pH <3), was influenced by the aqueous pH value and sulfate concentration. Under an electric field, a low concentrated H 2 SO 4 solution (0.2 M) effectively stripped V(V) from the membranes, avoiding the requirement of a highly concentrated H 2 SO 4 without electric field. Under the optimum conditions, the permeability coefficient and flux reached 6.80 µm·s -1 and 13.34 µmol·m -2 ·s -1 , respectively. High selectivity was observed for the separation of V(V) and Mo(VI) from mixed solutions of Co (II), Ni (II), Mn (II), and Al (III). Additionally, the separation between Mo(VI) and V(V) was further improved by adjusting the acidity of the stripping solution. The V(V) selectivity for the resulting membrane was higher than that of commercial anion exchange membranes.
研究领域:
环境工程
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材料科学
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化学工程
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电化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
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