The sodium (Na) anode suffers severe interfacial resistance and dendrite issues in a classic NASICON-type Na3Zr2Si2PO12 (NZSP) electrolyte, resulting in poor electrochemical performance for solid-state Na metal batteries. There has been little success in the reduction of interfacial resistance in recent years. The exact mechanism of this resistance has not been fully understood because of little information about the interface. In this work, we effectively address the large interfacial resistance issue and the metal dendrite problem between the Na anode and NZSP by introducing a TiO2 film as an active interphase. We employ quasiinsitu X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) to uncover the interphase formation mechanism at the Na/TiO2–NZSP electrolyte interface. Our quasiinsitu XPS results confirm the formation of a sodiated-TiO2 interphase upon stepwise Na evaporation on the surface of the NZSP electrolyte. Further investigation by molten Na contact angle measurements, impedance spectroscopy and DFT calculations demonstrates that the sodiated-TiO2 interphase promotes Na ion transport between the Na anode and NZSP electrolyte. Moreover, the electrostatic potential formed at the NZSP/NaxTiO2 interface can effectively reduce electronic conductivity at the interface and hence prevent the growth of sodium dendrites. A representative paradigm for interphase design is provided to address the interface contact for developing stable solid-state batteries with high performance.
Yuxie Jiang,Kai Wang,Yingzhen Zhang,Yan Cheng,Tianxue Zhu,Jianying Huang,Weilong Cai,Yuekun Lai
In this paper, a stainless steel mesh coated with titanium dioxide (TiO 2 @SSM) membrane was developed for the separation of stable oil-water emulsions and the degradation of soluble pollutants. The TiO 2 @SSM membrane showed excellent underwater anti-oil adhesion performance and efficient emulsion separation under gravity (flux of 207.7 L m −2 h −1 and efficiency of 99.58 % for toluene-water emulsion). The emulsion could also be pre-broken by microbubble flotation to enhance the separation performance of the TiO 2 @SSM membrane (microbubble flotation followed by separation has a flux of 369.3 L m −2 h −1 , and efficiency of 99.71 %). And the synergistic operation of separation and microbubble flotation can increase the flux to 451.6 L m −2 h −1 . The membrane showed outstanding stability and could be recycled for more than 20 times without significant deterioration, and demonstrated chemical stability for corrosion resistance test (pH 0–14). In addition, the membrane, which is easily modified with silver nanoparticles , achieves improved photocatalytic degradation properties (efficiency from 58.8 % to 88.7 %) and microbubble flotation effect (flux of 613.4 L m −2 h −1 ). This work provides a rational strategy for the preparation and optimization of inorganic functional membranes for effective emulsion separation and dye degradation, and demonstrates promising applications of the separation and purification in oil-containing sewage and wastewater remediation.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）