International Journal of Minerals Metallurgy and Materials
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2021
·Vol. 28
·期 6
·974-980
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IF 2.232
Guo Yun,Li Hong-yi,Yuan Yi-heng,Huang Jie,Diao Jiang,Li Gang,Xie Bing
The fusion of the leaching and purification processes was realized by directly using microemulsion as the leaching agent. The bis-(2-ethyhexyl) phosphoric acid (DEHPA)/ n -heptane/NaOH microemulsion system was established to directly leach vanadates from sodium-roasted vanadium slag. The effect of the leaching agent on the leaching efficiency was investigated, in addition to the molar ratio of H 2 O/NaDEHP ( W ), DEHPA concentration, solid/liquid ratio, stirring time, and leaching temperature. In optimal situations, the vanadium leaching efficiency reaches 79.57%. The X-ray diffraction characterization of the leaching residue and the Raman spectrum of the microemulsion before and after leaching demonstrate the successful entry of vanadates from the sodium-roasted vanadium slag into the microemulsion. The proposed method successfully realizes the leaching and purification of vanadates in one step, thereby greatly reducing production costs and environmental pollution. It also offers a new way to achieve the green recovery of valuable metals from solid resources.
研究领域:
冶金学
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环境科学
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DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2025
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IF 9
Junyi Xiang,Xi Lu,Hongru Rao,Luwei Bai,Qingyun Huang,Xuewei Lv
The separation of vanadium and chromium from vanadium-chromium slag constitutes the greatest bottleneck in the exploitation and utilization of high-chromium vanadium-titanium magnetite, which mainly results from the insufficient understanding of the behavior of similar elements vanadium and chromium during the extraction process. In this research, a series of spinels FeV x Cr 2- x O 4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 2) were synthesized via the high-temperature solid-state method, and their sodium roasting and leaching behavior were comprehensively analyzed. The transformation rules of sodium vanadate and chromate were investigated by XRD, SEM-EDS, FTIR, and thermodynamic calculation. The results indicate that in the FeV x Cr 2- x O 4 (0 ≤ x ≤ 2) − Na 2 CO 3 system, at 300°C, a portion of chromium spinel phase is preferentially and slowly oxidized to Cr 2 O 3 , while the vanadium spinel rapidly oxidizes to form NaVO 3 at 400°C. Above 500°C, NaVO 3 further reacts with Na 2 CO 3 to form Na 4 V 2 O 7 , and Na 2 CrO 4 also begins to form concurrently. As the proportion of Cr in FeV x Cr 2- x O 4 increases, both the leaching efficiencies of vanadium and chromium from the sodium-roasted samples decrease, with the leaching efficiency of chromium decreasing more significantly. Significant competitive and synergistic effects between vanadium and chromium are observed in the roasting of FeV x Cr 2- x O 4 with Na 2 CO 3 . This study is expected to provide theoretical support for the development of efficient vanadium-chromium extraction processes.
研究领域:
冶金学
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材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2025
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IF 9
Weiduo Zhao,Zhongwei Zhao,Yingpeng Xu,Ziming Cao,Tianyu Zhao
High-chromium vanadium slag, a typical hazardous solid waste, serves as a critical raw material for the comprehensive utilization of vanadium and chromium resources. To achieve synergistic recovery of vanadium and chromium, this study proposes an innovative process based on mineral phase reconstruction. A ternary eutectic multi-reaction system was established, and a novel Na 2 CO 3 -CaO co-roasting-leaching method was developed to enable selective separation of V and Cr. Combining DFT calculations, pure mineral roasting experiments, and actual vanadium slag roasting validation, the transformation mechanisms were elucidated: vanadium was converted into water-insoluble NaCaVO 4 and CaVO 3 , while chromium existed as water-soluble Na 2 CrO 4 during the Na 2 CO 3 -CaO co-roasting process. Under optimized conditions (roasting temperature 900 °C, duration 90 min, molar ratio n(CaO)/n(Na 2 CO 3 ) = 1), the average leaching efficiencies reached 84.23 % for Cr in the first-stage water leaching and 86.52 % for V in the second-stage ammonium bicarbonate leaching. The Cr concentration in the water leaching solution was 4.1 g/L (V: 0.7 g/L), whereas the V concentration in the ammonia leaching solution significantly increased to 7.1 g/L (Cr: 0.8 g/L). Impurity ions (Fe, Mn, Ti, Si) in both leaching solutions remained below 0.05 g/L. The remarkably low impurity levels substantially reduced purification costs, and the distinct concentration differences between V and Cr highlighted the selective separation advantages of the proposed process. These integrated characteristics provide critical feasibility support for industrial-scale implementation.
研究领域:
冶金工程
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环境科学
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高影响因子
Applied Sciences-Basel
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2025
·Vol. 15
·期 3
·1280
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IF 2.5
Fayue Li,Jingfeng Liu,Longjiao Lv,Xiwei Mu,Yuting Ren,Guocheng Zhu
Fly ash consists of significant amounts of lithium, which is an essential resource for developing batteries. This study proposed an efficient method for extracting lithium from fly ash. First, we explored the parameters affecting the activation effect of sodium carbonate roasting and the leaching efficiency of lithium using acid leaching. Additionally, ultrasonic pre-treatment was applied to enhance activation. A further mechanism for the roasting extraction of lithium was symmetrically analyzed. The results showed that ultrasonic treatment at 200 W for 1 h under alkaline leaching conditions (sodium hydroxide solution 4 mol/L, reaction temperature 80 °C, leaching time 2 h, solid–liquid ratio 1 g:30 mL) achieved a lithium leaching rate of 90.74%, surpassing the 84.72% with traditional roasting–alkaline leaching. Under optimal acid leaching conditions (850 °C for reaction of 2.5 h, fly ash-to-sodium carbonate ratio (Rfs) 1:2, sulfuric acid 2 mol/L, reaction temperature 80 °C, solid–liquid ratio 1 g:30 mL, and leaching time 1.5 h), the leaching rate reached 96.62%. With ultrasonic pre-treatment and acid leaching, the highest leaching rate of 98.68% achieved under optimal conditions: reaction temperature 850 °C for 2.5 h, mass Rfsat 1:1.5, sulfuric acid 2 mol/L, reaction temperature 80 °C, solid–liquid ratio 1 g:35 mL, and leaching time 120 min. The study demonstrated that ultrasonic pre-treatment outperforms the traditional method, achieving a higher leaching rate with fewer roasting additives and lower energy consumption.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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化学工程
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高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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2024
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IF 7.4
Qiuping Li,Shaopeng Gu,Liang Yu,Funian Han,Jingmeng Dong,Chunmei Li,Jiaqi Jia
An effective and environment-friendly method for preparing NaVO 2 , which can be used as an energy storage material, from Na 2 CO 3 roasted vanadium-chromium slag was proposed using water as the leaching medium. Vanadium-chromium slag with 30 % Na 2 CO 3 was heated in air and argon atmospheres from 30 °C to 1000 °C, respectively. The results show that vanadium compounds converted to NaVO 3 while chromium compounds to Na 2 CrO 4 under air. NaVO 3 and Na 2 CrO 4 were water-soluble making the separation of vanadium and chromium complicated. NaVO 3 and Na 2 CrO 4 were water-soluble making the separation of vanadium and chromium complicated. Heating vanadium-chromium slag in an argon atmosphere caused Fe 2 VO 4 to react with Na 2 CO 3 , forming NaVO 2 and NaFeO 2 below 1000 °C. However, chromium compounds unreacted in argon. NaFeO 2 was insoluble, while NaVO 2 was water-soluble with a leaching efficiency exceeding 70 %. Notably, the characteristic peak of V(III) in NaVO 2 was first found to be −532.00 ppm by the liquid 51 V NMR spectrum. This method represents a novel, green strategy for the resource utilization of vanadium-chromium slag, involving Na 2 CO 3 roasting in an argon atmosphere to produce NaVO 2 . It offers a promising approach to reduce the cost of NaVO 2 battery production and support its commercialization.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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2023
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IF 7.7
Zelong Yang,Yingjie Zhang,Hanjing Yu,Lei Liu,Yong Li,Tao Hao,Qi Meng,Peng Dong
Spent lithium-ion batteries can be recycled to effectively re-utilize them. This can be conducive to secondary resource utilization as well as environmental protection. Here, it is suggested to roast the spent cathode materials with sodium sulfite to extract lithium more effectively. Under the ideal circumstances of a roasting temperature of 750 °C, the molar ratio of Na 2 SO 3 to spent cathode material of 3.0, and a roasting period of 2 h, the leaching efficiency of Li reaches 94.06%. During the sodium sulfite roasting process, the spent LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 materials were transformed into LiNa(SO 4 ), LiMnO 2 , NiO, LiMn 2 O 4 , Co 9 S 8 , and Ni, Co, and Mn. The LiNi 0.6 Co 0.2 Mn 0.2 O 2 materials that were produced using the recovered Li 2 CO 3 exhibit good electrochemical performance. The closed-loop process based on Sodium sulfite roasting is expected to be applied in the recycling industry of spent lithium-ion batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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化学工程
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回收技术
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DOI
高影响因子
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