CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2025
·
IF 5.6
Zhe Sun,Heyu Li,Aaron S. Pittman,Yan Cao
Scandium is a rare earth element that is relatively scarce on Earth. The need for its rapid qualitative detection has increased dramatically owing to its extensive use in various high-tech sectors and potential environmental concerns. This work aims to develop a portable, simple, low-cost specific detection sensor for on-site qualitative detection of Sc 3+ ions. Multiple carbon dots were synthesized via the “bottom-up” hydrothermal method and characterized by morphology, structure, and optical properties. The characteristic structure of “salicylic acid” was determined as the core of the Sc 3+ selective detection function through precursor molecular engineering design. Further investigation was conducted into the impact of various factors on the Sc 3+ specific fluorescence detection performance of related derived carbon dots, including the electronic and spatial effects of various substituents on the aromatic skeleton of precursor molecules and the size of aromatic conjugated systems. The detection performance of carbon dots derived from different precursor sources was compared, and the optimal carbon dots derived from 2-hydroxy-3-naphthoic acid were selected, with a lower detection limit (4.38 ppb) and a significant blue shift (from green visible light to blue visible light range). On this basis, a portable device capable of detecting Sc 3+ ions, the 2-3-CDs PVA membrane, was developed. Our work presents the first discovery of carbon dots as Sc 3+ ion fluorescence sensors, providing new insights and beneficial results for subsequent rare earth element detection.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
·
化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 9
Lang Feng,Wei Long,Bin Li,Tao Li,Zhihong Zhang,Xiaohua Wang,Huiping Li
Red mud is an alkaline solid waste generated during alumina production and harbors significant scandium (Sc) resources. Sc holds substantial scientific and economic value due to its critical applications in metallurgy, chemistry, and electronics. However, traditional methods for extracting Sc from red mud are hindered by challenges such as prolonged mixing times, high energy consumption, and susceptibility to emulsification, which severely limit industrial application efficiency. To address these issues, this study designed and developed a microfluidic extraction platform utilizing laminar flow, slug flow, and micro-droplet systems. It systematically investigated the separation process of Sc 3+ using di-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (P204) as the extractant. The microfluidic chip significantly enhanced the rapid mass transfer of Sc 3+ between phases by providing a larger interface area, thereby accelerating the extraction kinetics. This characteristic enabled the extraction process to reach equilibrium more quickly while ensuring operational stability and reproducibility. Experimental results demonstrated that, compared to solvent extraction (with an extraction efficiency of 74.6 %), the laminar flow achieved the selectivity separation efficiency for Sc 3+ ranging from 94.1 % to 96.4 %, with the reaction time reduced to 7.14–10 min. The slug flow improved mass transfer efficiency by promoting internal circulation within the droplets, achieving an extraction efficiency of 86.9 % to 94.8 %. Meanwhile, the micro-droplet attained the highest mass transfer efficiency of 92.9 % to 97.4 % by leveraging the large specific surface area and internal flow characteristics of the droplets. Therefore, the laminar flow is highly suitable for continuous operation and the rapid and efficient separation of rare earth elements from bulk solid waste. Additionally, the performance of the slug flow and micro-droplet is significantly superior to traditional solvent extraction methods, making them particularly suitable for high-selectivity separation of rare earth ions and small-scale processing applications. This study not only provides a novel strategy for the efficient recovery of Sc resources from red mud but also promotes the application and development of microfluidic technology in wet metallurgical engineering.
研究领域:
冶金工程
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环境科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 9
Zhaolong Fu,Jie Gao,Meina Guo,Jieliang Chen,Houxing Chen,Weidong Xiao,Peihai Ju,Huimin Xie,Yinhua Wan,Hongdong Yu,Guan Peng,Da Zhao,Kang Hu
Scandium (Sc) is the most valuable rare earth element. However, it remains challenging to achieve effective separation and purification due to its low concentration as a by-product and the similarity of the coexisting metal elements. Herein, a kind of aluminum phosphate containing CO 3 2– is facilely synthesized which possesses high selectivity of Sc(III) against the competing metal ions (Ca(II), Mg(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Na(I), Zn(II), Cd(II)) and the other rare-earth ions. Notably, Aluminum phosphate can selectively capture Sc(III) over Fe(III) with a selectivity coefficient of 1.59. It also can be used to separate and purify Sc(III) from the real wastewater to obtain the purity of 99.0 % Sc(III) with the low cost. The results show that the adsorption process for Sc(III) was the single layer chemical adsorption with a maximum adsorption capacity of 273.9 mg/g. In addition, density functional theory calculations reveal that O atoms played the key role in the adsorption of Sc(III) and the addition of C atoms enhanced the adsorption between O atoms and Sc(III). This work offers a novel aluminum phosphate for the low-cost way for separation and purification of Sc(III) from wastewater.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Wei-Rong Cui,Qianqian Zhao,Xinghuan Lin,Shuang Liu,Yibao Li,Chunsheng Cai
Using coordination templates within covalent organic frameworks (COFs) can significantly enhance the selective properties of these materials. Herein, 1,4-phthalaldehyde, 2,4, 6-trimethyl-1,3, 5-triazine, and a scandium coordination complex were selected to perform a three-in-one strategy, and a class of stable olefin-linked covalent organic frameworks with coordination templates were synthesized. By adjusting the proportion of organic ligands to scandium complexes, a range of crystalline COFs with tunable scandium incorporation levels has been obtained. Upon removing scandium from the material with the suitable metal content, we achieved a metal-imprinted COF (De-Sc-0.33), demonstrating remarkable affinity and selectivity for Sc 3+ ions, even in acidic environments and amidst competing metal ions (53.56 mg/g). In particular, the skeleton benefits from the characteristics of olefins, and its regenerability and stability in highly acidic environments surpass those of existing scandium adsorbents (with a capacity drop of less than 2 % after 20 cycles), thus holding tremendous potential for the enrichment of scandium in practical applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
·
2022
·Vol. 33
·期 36
·26813-26824
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IF 2.779
Huang Sheng-Jiang,Li Le-Zhong,Tang Jian,Wang Rui,Xiong Zhe,Wu Xiao-Hui,Guo Hai-Shan,Chang Xin,Zhong Zi-Chen
NiZnCo ferrite has a wide range of applications in high-frequency devices, but its performance can be further improved to meet more requirements. In this work, Sc 3+ -substituted Ni 0.5 Zn 0.4 Co 0.1 Sc x Fe 2-x O 4 (NZCScF, 0 ≤ x ≤ 0.1) ferrite soft magnetic materials were successfully prepared by sol–gel self-propagating approach. After using Sc 3+ doping, the dielectric loss and dielectric constant are significantly reduced. The intensity of the coercive field decreases significantly with a rise in the Sc 3+ content. It is noteworthy that after adding Sc 3+ ions, the saturation magnetization can reach 94.27 emu/g, an increase of about 27%, and the initial permeability is increased by about 73%. In the high-frequency scope, the magnetic losses increase very little and up to 100 MHz the magnetic losses remain low. In conclusion, Sc 3+ substitution effectively improves the electromagnetic properties of NiZnCo ferrite and greatly enhances the saturation magnetization and initial permeability. It can serve as a guide for the material application of a series of high-frequency devices such as radio-frequency microwave devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电磁学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
·
2024
·Vol. 130
·期 11
·835
·
IF 2.5
Kou Chen,Duan Bin,Shi Lichun,Yang Hongcai,Ni Heng,Wang Haiyuan,Ye Qing,Hu Junshan,Hu Shigang
The Sc 3+ ions doped NaYF 4 : Yb 3+ , Er 3+ upconversion (UC) nanoparticles are synthesized by thermal decomposition method. We successfully obtained the upconversion luminescence (UCL) nanoparticles from green emission to red emission through doping Sc 3+ ions with different concentrations. Based on the XRD, the phase change process of Sc 3+ ions doped NaYF 4 nanocrystalline phase were demonstrated. More importantly, through the analysis of UC spectrum data, the change in the phase of the NaY/ScF 4 : Yb 3+ , Er 3+ nanocrystalline corresponds to the change in its luminous properties. It determines that the change of crystal field will lead to the change of luminescence, and then modulate the luminescence. NaScF 4 : Yb 3+ , Er 3+ UC nanoparticles exhibit strong red light emission. In addition, the temperature-sensitive properties of the optimal doping concentration of Sc 3+ ion were tested. The sensitivity of NaYF 4 : Yb 3+ , Er 3+ nanoparticles doped with Sc 3+ ion reached the maximum value of 0.024 K − 1 at 498 K. The nanocrystalline has great application value in the fields of optical temperature measurement, biomedicine, bioprobes and colorful display.
研究领域:
材料科学
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光学工程
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生物医学工程
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纳米技术
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分子影像学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2022
·
IF 7.392
Juan Yang,Pei Li,Zailing Song,Jie Li,Huan Yang,Fan Yan,Lu Li,Can Xu,Junlang Chen,Liang Chen
Graphene quantum dots (GQDs) have shown growing potential in the applications of ion detection, anti-counterfeiting ink and light-emitting devices. However, the photoluminescence (PL) properties of GQDs will be lost when they interact with some heavy metal ions. Effective strategies to improve PL stability are still limited. In this work, we prepared a new kind of GQDs modified by scandium ions (Sc 3+ ) to improve the PL of GQDs in aqueous solution containing heavy metal ions. The Sc 3+ modified GQDs (Sc@GQDs) show a slight fluorescence enhancement compared with pristine GQDs. In addition, the PL of pristine GQDs could be quenched by Fe 3+ /Cu 2+ /Cr 3+ , while the PL of Sc@GQDs was kept stable with these heavy metal ions. Meanwhile, GQDs modified by Al 3+ and Ga 3+ exhibit similar results, which further verifies the universality of this method that GQDs modified by specific metal ions to maintain the PL of GQDs with heavy metal ions. As applications, Sc@GQDs may have great potential in the fields of fluorescent flexible device and fluorescent ink.
研究领域:
材料科学
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光学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED MATERIALS
·
2024
·Vol. 36
·期 30
·2404629
·
IF 27.4
Jing Liang,Xin Zhang,Haidong Li,Chuanxi Wen,Longlong Tian,Ximeng Chen,Zhan Li
The special properties of rare earth elements (REE) have effectively broadened their application fields. How to accurately recognize and efficiently separate target rare earth ions with similar radii and chemical properties remains a formidable challenge. Here, precise two-dimensional (2D) heterogeneous channels are constructed using engineered E. coli membranes between graphene oxide (GO) layers. The difference in binding ability and corresponding conformational change between Lanmodulin (LanM) and rare earth ions in the heterogeneous channel allows for precisely recognizing and sieving of scandium ions (Sc 3+ ). The engineered E. coli membranes not only can protect the integrity of structure and functionality of LanM, the rich lipids and sugars, but also help the Escherichia coli ( E. coli ) membranes closely tile on the GO nanosheets through interaction, preventing swelling and controlling interlayer spacing accurately down to the sub-nanometer. Apparently, the 2D heterogeneous channels showcase excellent selectivity for trivalent ions (SF Fe /Sc ≈3), especially for Sc 3+ ions in REE with high selectivity (SF Ce/Sc ≈167, SF La/Sc ≈103). The long-term stability and tensile strain tests verify the membrane's outstanding stability. Thus, this simple, efficient, and cost-effective work provides a suggestion for constructing 2D interlayer heterogeneous channels for precise sieving, and this valuable strategy is proposed for the efficient extraction of Sc.
研究领域:
材料科学
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生物化学
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分离技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Tianlei Yang,Tao Li,Yueping Guan
Extraction of low-concentration rare earths is one of the important paths for the sustainability of the rare earth industry. The research and development of materials suitable for the extraction of rare earth ions at low concentrations is of great significance. Currently, the application of solvent extraction in the rare earth production industry is highly mature. However, it is not economical to use it for the extraction of low concentration rare earths with problems of phase separation and organic phase loss. This work innovatively proposes to encapsulate the extractant and diluent in magnetic oleogel microspheres, which are obtained by solubilizing magnetic poly (phenyl divinylbenzene)(PS-DVB) microspheres with the extractant and diluent.. The magnetic PS-DVB microspheres of 3 ∼ 16 μm were prepared by suspension polymerisation, followed by encapsulation of di(2-ethylhexyl)phosphoric acid (D2EHPA) and dichloroethane in magnetic PS-DVB microspheres using emulsion swelling, and then magnetic oil-based gel microspheres containing D2EHPA with a particle size of 10 ∼ 32 μm were obtained. The magnetic oil-based gel microspheres containing D2EHPA consist of about 96 wt% liquid phase and about 4 wt% solid phase, with D2EHPA accounting for more than 4.19 wt%. The magnetic oil-based gel microspheres are very close to small oil droplets and are superparamagnetic. The magnetic oil-based gel microspheres containing D2EHPA could completely extract 60 ppm of scandium ions(Sc 3+ ) under the conditions of O:A = 1:50,1:60,1:70, and the extraction equilibrium times were 6, 9 and 12 min, respectively. This extractant encapsulation scheme inherits the selectivity of traditional extractants while simultaneously preserving the advantages of rapid extraction by solvent extraction.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 4.7
Yi Wu,Anqi He,Da Li,Limin Yang,Yizhuang Xu,Yukihiro Ozaki,Isao Noda
This study investigates single-crystal structures of Lu3+/erythritol and nine rare earth–glycerol complexes, revealing deprotonation of normally inert OH groups via μ2-bridging (so-called DIOμ2 phenomenon). The pH drops upon alditol addition correlate with the deprotonation extent, showing increased deprotonation with decreasing lanthanide ionic radius (lanthanide contraction) and exceptionally high deprotonation for Sc3+. In all the rare earth/alditol complexes with the DIOμ2 phenomenon, two μ2-bridges merge into an M2O2 cluster (M is a rare earth ion) that is not very stable due to the Coulombic repulsion between two M3+ and between two O–. To stabilize the M2O2 cluster, the formation of more auxiliary five- and six-membered chelating rings between rare earth ions and alditol ligands is needed. Increment of the number of auxiliary five- and six-membered chelating rings favors the DIOμ2 reaction. This is the reason why the DIOμ2 reaction shows a progressively enhanced tendency when the alditol ligands change from myo-inositol to glycerol to erythritol and galactitol. The reaction is endothermic, as an increased temperature enhances deprotonation. The above results may be useful in the rational design of catalysts that efficiently activate inert OH bonds and facilitate related chemical processes.
研究领域:
无机化学
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配位化学
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晶体学
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物理化学
·
催化
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）