Geoenergy Science and Engineering
·
2024
·
IF 0
Yikang Guo,Xianyu Yang,Ren Wang,Meng Zhao,Jianlong Wang,Jingyu Xie,Zhaokai Dai,Quanwei Xu,Zichen Han,Guosheng Jiang,Jihua Cai
The ocean is rich in sustainable hydrocarbon. The process of extracting these resources poses challenges such as coexistence of low temperature and high temperature, high pressure of deepwater and unpredictable shale formations. A kind of ionic crosslinking polymer consisting of N, N-dimethylacrylamide (DMA), 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS), and Cellulose Nanofibers (CNF) (PADC), was synthesized to address these challenges. Cellulose was first oxidized to nanocellulose (CNF) through 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxide (TEMPO) oxidation. Subsequently, the ionic crosslinking polymer, consisting of DMA, AMPS, and CNF, was synthesized using ionic crosslinking polymerization. The surface characteristics and morphology were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), nanoparticle size analysis, and zeta potential analysis. The structural composition was analyzed by Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The shale inhibition mechanism was investigated through contact angle and pressure transmission experiments. The results indicated that the average length of PADC is approximately 1450 nm, with an average diameter of less than 100 nm and contains sulfonic acid groups. The shale contact angle increased from 16.75° to 82°, indicating that PADC increased the hydrophobicity of the shale by 390%. Pressure transfer experiments show that PADC can reduce shale permeability by 37%, which means PADC has good hydration inhibition performance. In addition, a drilling fluid system suitable for deep sea drilling was proposed. The drilling fluid system exhibits good rheological properties at 160 °C and 0 °C. The fluid loss after hot rolling at 160 °C is less than 12 mL. The linear expansion of shale core after 16 h is only 0.7%, and the rolling recovery rate at 160 °C is as high as 99.48%. Luminescent bacteria EC 50 is 2.0 × 10 5 mg/L, which means it is non-toxic and environmentally friendly. And drilling fluid conforms to the power law flow model. Therefore, the drilling fluids proposed in this paper can meet the requirements of deep sea drilling in terms of rheological properties and filtration loss properties at 0–160 °C, and can seal shale pores and inhibit shale hydration through the ionic cross-linking PADC. This research offers insights into the utilization of cellulose in well drilling processes and provides references for designing deep sea drilling fluids.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
石油工程
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
Petroleum Science
·
2021
·Vol. 19
·期 2
·608-618
·
IF 4.09
Jin-Sheng Sun,Zong-Lun Wang,Jing-Ping Liu,Kai-He Lv,Fan Zhang,Zi-Hua Shao,Xiao-Dong Dong,Zhi-Wen Dai,Xian-Fa Zhang
The demand for non-toxic and biodegradable shale inhibitors is growing in the drilling industry. In this paper, the effect of notoginsenoside (NS) as a new, environmentally friendly inhibitor of shale hydration is systematically studied for the first time. The inhibition performance of NS was evaluated via inhibition evaluation tests, including mud ball immersion tests, linear expansion tests, shale rolling recovery tests, and compressive strength tests. The inhibition mechanism of NS was analyzed using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), contact angle measurements, particle size distribution determination, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The experimental results demonstrate that NS is able to adhere to the clay surface, forming a hydrophobic film that prevents the entry of water molecules and inhibiting the hydration dispersion of the clay. Because of this, NS can maintain the original state of bentonite pellets in water, which can effectively reduce the swelling rate of bentonite, increase the recovery rate of shale drill cuttings, maintain the strength of the shale, and therefore maintain the stability of the borehole wall during drilling. In addition, NS is non-toxic, degradable, and compatible with water-based drilling fluids. The above advantages make NS a promising candidate for use as an environmentally friendly shale inhibitor.
研究领域:
石油工程
·
钻井液化学
·
环境材料科学
·
胶体与界面化学
·
可持续能源技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Gels
·
2025
·Vol. 11
·期 8
·623
·
IF 5.3
Yu Wang,Fan Zhang,Liangbin Dou,Yutong Li,Kaiwen Wang,Zhengli Shi,Leyao Du,Wangyuan Zhang,Zonglun Wang
To address the issue of drilling fluid performance drop and wellbore instability induced by desorption between treatment agents and clay in the high-temperature environment of ultra-deep drilling, this study synthesized three organosilicon polymers (ADE, ADM, ADD) with different substituents. The study confirmed that the covalent bond significantly improved the high-temperature adsorption resistance of clay, which is closely related to the interface behavior of gels. Through rolling recovery, rheology, and filtration experiments for performance evaluation, these organic silicon polymers showed excellent high-temperature performance: the shale rolling recovery rate exceeded 80% at 210 °C, and the filtration loss was reduced to 14 mL, with a reduction rate of 53.3%. The adsorption capacity of the three polymers on clay remained unchanged from 150 °C to 210 °C, among which the adsorption amount of trimethoxy groups stabilized at 8–11 mg/g after 150 °C. The adsorption capacity of ethoxy groups increased by 7.9% at 150–210 °C. The adsorption capacity of dimethoxy groups with methyl steric hindrance increased by 28.1% at 150–210 °C. These results indicate that covalent bonds effectively enhance the high-temperature adsorption of clay, allowing for polymer molecules to firmly anchor on the clay surface at high temperatures. This breakthrough overcomes the limitations of traditional inhibitors in high-temperature desorption, and provides a valuable reference for the preparation of high-temperature adsorption resistant functional materials in water-based drilling fluid gel systems.
研究领域:
石油工程
·
材料科学
·
化学工程
·
岩土工程
·
高分子科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
·
2025
·
IF 7.8
Bing Wang,Wei Ma,Yuan Chen,Yujia Gao,Guojun Hu,Guochuan Luo
Drilling solid waste (DSW) is a typical byproduct of drilling operations in oil and gas fields. The characteristics of DSW are influenced by both the background soil properties and any added additives. Heavy metal (HM) contamination, particularly cadmium (Cd 2 + ), poses a significant environmental challenge due to its toxicity to nearly all living organisms, including plants. DSW samples from the Tarim Oilfield, Xinjiang, China, were analyzed for HM content and its form distribution. The total Cd content was 48 mg/kg, with 41.1 % as unstable HM and 58.9 % as stable HM, exceeding the standard (DB 65/T 3997–2017). Conventional methods for remediating HM-contaminated soil, such as chemical washing and adsorption, are commonly used. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis revealed that the DSW has a crystalline carbonate structure, which is disrupted when treated with strong acids. Thus, in this study, a modified self-floating magnetic hollow glass microsphere (FHGM) was employed to remediate HM-contaminated DSW without the use of acidic washing agents. FHGM has a hollow structure, floats within 30 s, and possesses a saturation magnetization near 9, allowing for effective self-flotation and magnetic response, which facilitate its separation from the DSW. The results show that when the solution pH was 8, contact time was 240 min, the dosage of Fe 3 O 4 was 0.6 g and the proportion of heavy metals to FHGM= 100:1, the removal efficiency of Cd from DSW using FHGM reached 78.8 %. Notably, the removal rate of HMs from the FeMn and OM fractions was high, indicating that FHGM enhances the migration of stable HMs. Furthermore, using centrifugal force at 17,232 x g, Cd and FHGM were effectively separated, with the material being recycled up to five times, FHGM still retain approximately 73.2 % of their initial adsorption capacities. Therefore, enhanced separation of stable-state Cd from DSW using FHGM presents an effective new treatment technology. The preparation of FHGM also means that it provides a new green and economic treatment method for the remediation of heavy metal pollution in the solid phase (not limited to DSW).
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2018
·Vol. 8
·期 46
·26318-26324
·
IF 2.936
Xianbin Huang,Jinsheng Sun,Kaihe Lv,Jingping Liu,Haokun Shen
This study presents an alternative method to enhance the emulsion stability of oil based drilling fluids (OBMs). Modified dimer acid (MDA) was synthesized with a molecular structure having two hydrophilic heads and two hydrophobic tails. Theoretically, the adsorption of MDA on an oil–water interface makes it possible to increase hydrogen bonding between water droplets and form three dimensional networks which benefit emulsion stability. The influence of MDA on the stability of base emulsions was studied by visual observation. Then the stabilization mechanism of MDA was analyzed from the micro and macro points of view by morphology study using a cryo-scanning electron microscope (cryo-SEM) and rheological measurements including viscosity vs. shear rates, zero-shear viscosity (η0), and creep and recovery tests. Experimental results showed that a substantial improvement in emulsion stability was visually observed when the MDA concentration was 2 g L−1. From cryo-SEM observation, a honeycomb structure was observed in the emulsion containing 2 g L−1 MDA, which can provide a physical barrier to restrain the movement of water droplets. In comparison with the rheological behaviors of the emulsion without MDA, a remarkably larger zero-shear viscosity, a solid-like behavior and a greater elasticity were observed when 2 g L−1 MDA was present. Finally, the application in OBMs shows that MDA can largely enhance electrical stability (ES) and reduce the filtration volume. The method proposed in the paper could be used to enhance the stability of w/o emulsions in a variety of fields.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
石油工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Gels
·
2023
·Vol. 9
·期 12
·966
·
IF 4.6
Yinbo He,Mingliang Du,Jing He,Haiyang Liu,Yanhua Lv,Lei Guo,Peng Zhang,Yunhai Bai
Oil-based drilling fluids are widely used in challenging wells such as those with large displacements, deepwater and ultra-deepwater wells, deep wells, and ultra-deep wells due to their excellent temperature resistance, inhibition properties, and lubrication. However, there is a challenging issue of rheological deterioration of drilling fluids under high-temperature conditions. In this study, a dual-amphiphilic segmented high-temperature-resistant gelling agent (HTR-GA) was synthesized using poly fatty acids and polyether amines as raw materials. Experimental results showed that the initial decomposition temperature of HTR-GA was 374 °C, indicating good thermal stability. After adding HTR-GA, the emulsion coalescence voltage increased for emulsions with different oil-to-water ratios. HTR-GA could construct a weak gel structure in oil-based drilling fluids, significantly enhancing the shear-thinning and thixotropic properties of oil-based drilling fluids under high-temperature conditions. Using HTR-GA as the core, a set of oil-based drilling fluid systems with good rheological properties, a density of 2.2 g/cm3, and temperature resistance up to 220 °C were constructed. After aging for 24 h at 220 °C, the dynamic shear force exceeded 10 Pa, and G′ exceeded 7 Pa, while after aging for 96 h at 220 °C, the dynamic shear force exceeded 4 Pa, and G″ reached 7 Pa. The synthesized compound HTR-GA has been empirically validated to significantly augment the rheological properties of oil-based drilling fluids, particularly under high-temperature conditions, showcasing impressive thermal stability with a resistance threshold of up to 220 °C. This notable enhancement provides critical technical reinforcement for progressive exploration endeavors in deep and ultra-deep well formations, specifically employing oil-based drilling fluids.Keywords:gelling agent;oil-based drilling fluid;weak gel;high-temperature resistance
研究领域:
石油工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2023
·Vol. 140
·期 24
·e53955
·
IF 3
Xiaodong Bai,Licheng Deng,Yancheng Yan,Hua Hu,Yumei Luo,Xuetong Cai
Lost circulation will cause huge economic losses every year. In order to effectively reduce the harm of lost circulation to drilling, it is particularly important to use reasonable and efficient lost circulation materials (LCM). As a kind of water-absorbing, expandable and deformable LCM, water-absorbing resin can adapt to holes and cracks of different sizes. In this study, a kind of encapsulated water-absorbing resin LCM (PMMA/PNAD) was proposed. The water-absorbing resin is synthesized by acrylamide (AM), 2-acrylamide-2-methyl-propane sulfonic acid (APMS) and diallyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DMDAAC) as reaction monomers through aqueous solution polymerization. The shell material is polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), which is coated on the surface of the water-absorbing resin by oil phase separation method. The results of the experimental evaluation indicate that the water-absorbing resin possesses robust water-absorbing and swelling properties, which significantly affect the rheological properties of the drilling fluid. However, the coated shell can effectively mitigate the impact of the absorbent resin on the drilling fluid. Under the formation environment of 100°C or 2 Mpa, the shell can soften or break to release the absorbent resin. The lost circulation control performance test results show that PMMA/PNAD has good pressure bearing capacity, and can still maintain good lost circulation control at 6.9 Mpa.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
石油工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Petroleum Science
·
2024
·
IF 6
Zhe Xu,Jin-Sheng Sun,Jing-Ping Liu,Kai-He Lv,Xiao-Dong Dong,Zong-Lun Wang,Tai-Feng Zhang,Yuan-Wei Sun,Zhi-Wen Dai
As drilling wells continue to move into deep ultra-deep layers, the requirements for temperature resistance of drilling fluid treatments are getting higher and higher. Among them, blocking agent, as one of the key treatment agents, has also become a hot spot of research. In this study, a high temperature resistant strong adsorption rigid blocking agent (QW-1) was prepared using KH570 modified silica, acrylamide (AM) and allyltrimethylammonium chloride (TMAAC). QW-1 has good thermal stability, average particle size of 1.46 μm, water contact angle of 10.5°, has a strong hydrophilicity, can be well dispersed in water. The experimental results showed that when 2 wt% QW-1 was added to recipe A (4 wt% bentonite slurry+0.5 wt% DSP-1 (filtration loss depressant)), the API filtration loss decreased from 7.8 to 6.4 mL. After aging at 240 °C, the API loss of filtration was reduced from 21 to 14 mL, which has certain performance of high temperature loss of filtration. At the same time, it is effective in sealing 80–100 mesh and 100–120 mesh sand beds as well as 3 and 5 μm ceramic sand discs. Under the same conditions, the blocking performance was superior to silica (5 μm) and calcium carbonate (2.6 μm). In addition, the mechanism of action of QW-1 was further investigated. The results show that QW-1 with amide and quaternary ammonium groups on the molecular chain can be adsorbed onto the surface of clay particles through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interaction to form a dense blocking layer, thus preventing further intrusion of drilling fluid into the formation.
研究领域:
石油工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Omega
·
2020
·
IF 2.87
Bahati Adnan Hamad,Miao He,Mingbiao Xu,Weihong Liu,Musa Mpelwa,Shanfa Tang,Lijun Jin,Jianjian Song
Exploring deep and ultradeep wells has rapidly become more significant to meet the global demand for oil and gas. The study of rheological and filtration-loss properties is essential to designing drilling muds and determining their performance under operational conditions. Rheological and filtration-loss properties of drilling muds were found to have a negative impact when exposed to elevated temperatures in the wells. In this study, an amphoteric polymer (abbreviated to PEX) was synthesized and characterized using a combination of analyses: FTIR, SEM, 13CNMR, and TGA. The synthesized PEX was used as an additive in water-based drilling muds to improve rheological properties and reduce fluid loss at elevated temperatures (180–220 °C). The experimental results demonstrated that inclusion of an optimal concentration of PEX (0.3 wt %) into the drilling mud formulation increased the rheological properties by 62.3% and decreased the filtration loss by 63.5% at an aging temperature of 180 °C. Moreover, PEX was found to perform superbly compared to polyanionic cellulose (PAC-LV) and polyacrylamide (PAM), the widely used drilling mud additives. PEX not only improved the rheological properties and reduced the filtration loss behavior but also bolstered the thermostability of the drilling mud formulation. It was concluded that the rigidity and amphoteric nature of PEX accounted for the exceptional performance and temperature resistance for PEX-drilling mud formulations. Succinctly, PEX exhibits admirable properties in smart drilling mud formulations for drilling operations under high-temperature geothermal conditions. Moreover, in terms of rheological models, the Herschel–Bulkley model adequately described the rheological properties of all the studied drilling mud formulations.
研究领域:
石油工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Omega
·
2020
·
IF 2.87
Jingyuan Ma,Boru Xia,Peizhi Yu,Yuxiu An
Acrylamide polymers were widely used as oilfield chemical treatment agents because of their wide viscosity range and versatile functions. However, with the increased formation complexity, their shortcomings such as poor solubility and low resistance to temperature, salt, and calcium were gradually exposed. In this paper, acrylamide (AM)/2-acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid (AMPS) copolymers were synthesized by aqueous solution polymerization and inverse emulsion polymerization, respectively. The aqueous polymer (W-AM/AMPS) and the inverse emulsion polymer (E-AM/AMPS) were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance (1H NMR), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and particle size analysis. The rheological properties, filtration properties, and sodium ion (Na+) and calcium ion (Ca2+) resistance were investigated. The results showed that E-AM/AMPS not only had a dissolution speed 4 times faster than that of W-AM/AMPS but also had superior shear-thinning performance both before and after aging. The filtration property of the bentonite system containing 2 wt % E-AM/AMPS was also better than that of the bentonite system containing 2 wt % W-AM/AMPS. In addition, E-AM/AMPS also exhibited extremely high tolerance for Na+ and Ca2+. The huge difference between rheological and filtration properties of E-AM/AMPS and W-AM/AMPS in drilling fluid can be attributed to the differences in the polymer microstructure caused by the two polymerization methods. Both FTIR and 1H NMR results showed that more hydrogen bonds were formed between E-AM/AMPS molecular groups and molecular chains, which led to a cross-linked network structure of E-AM/AMPS which was observed by TEM. It was this cross-linked network structure that made E-AM/AMPS have a high viscosity and allowed it to be better adsorbed on bentonite particles, thus exhibiting excellent rheological and filtration behavior. In addition, E-AM/AMPS powder had a high specific surface area so that it can be dissolved in water faster, greatly reducing the time and difficulty of configuring drilling fluid.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Materials
·
2019
·Vol. 12
·期 13
·2115
·
IF 2.972
Wenxin Dong,Xiaolin Pu,Yanjun Ren
As an important industrial material, bentonite has been widely applied in water-based drilling fluids to create mud cakes to protect boreholes. However, the common mud cake is porous, and it is difficult to reduce the filtration of a drilling fluid at high temperature. Therefore, this paper endowed bentonite with a thermo response via the insertion of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) monomers. The interaction between NIPAM monomers and bentonite was investigated via Fourier infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), isothermal adsorption, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) at various temperatures. The results demonstrate that chemical adsorption is involved in the adsorption process of NIPAM monomers on bentonite, and the adsorption of NIPAM monomers accords with the D–R model. With increasing temperature, more adsorption water was squeezed out of the composite when the temperature of the composite exceeded 70 °C. Based on the composite of NIPAM and bentonite, a mud cake was prepared using low-viscosity polyanionic cellulose (Lv-PAC) and initiator potassium peroxydisulfate (KPS). The change in the plugging of the mud cake was investigated via environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM), contact angle testing, filtration experiments, and linear expansion of the shale at various temperatures. In the plugging of the mud cake, a self-recovery behavior was observed with increasing temperature, and resistance was observed at 110 °C. The rheology of the drilling fluid was stable in the alterative temperature zone (70–110 °C). Based on the high resistance of the basic drilling fluid, a high-density drilling fluid (ρ = 2.0 g/cm3) was prepared with weighting materials with the objective of drilling high-temperature formations. By using a high-density drilling fluid, the hydration expansion of shale was reduced by half at 110 °C in comparison with common bentonite drilling fluid. In addition, the rheology of the high-density drilling fluid tended to be stable, and a self-recovery behavior was observed.Keywords:bentonite;N-isopropylacrylamide;drilling fluid;self-recovery
研究领域:
材料科学
·
石油工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Natural Gas Science and Engineering
·
2015
·
IF 2.157
Hanyi Zhong,Zhengsong Qiu,Dong Sun,Daoming Zhang,Weian Huang
Polyetheramines as shale hydration inhibitors in water-based drilling fluids have attracted great interests in recent years. In this paper, in order to clarify the relationship between inhibitive properties and molecular structures of polyetheramines, several inhibitive experimental methods including bentonite inhibition test, shale cuttings hot-rolling dispersion test, sedimentation volume measurement, and API filtration measurement were adopted to evaluate the inhibition variation of different polyetheramines. Furthermore, a series of analytical methods such as surface tension determination, zeta potential measurement, XRD , contact angle measurement , and water adsorption test were performed to identify the relationship between the inhibitive performance and molecular structures. The factors including molecular weight , number of amine group, and molecular chain affecting the interaction between polyetheramines and clay particles were analyzed. Polyetheramine with molecular weight of 230 and oxypropylene segment can reduce the interlayer spacing of the hydrated clay to the minimum and exhibit the best performance in comparison with others. The coordination of electrostatic adsorption with monolayer arrangement, hydrogen bonding, and hydrophobic shielding effect contributed to the top level of inhibition.
研究领域:
石油工程
·
材料化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）