Nanoscale
·
2016
·Vol. 9
·期 1
·201-207
·
IF 7.76
Liang Huang,Yujie Han,Xueping Zhang,Youxing Fang,Shaojun Dong
Ultrathin PtxPb nerve-like nanowires (NNWs) with a diameter of only around 3.6 nm were synthesized by a one-step wet-chemical strategy, and they served as robust catalysts for greatly enhancing methanol electrooxidation both under acidic and alkaline conditions. Due to the high CO-poisoning tolerance, superior electrocatalytic activity and stability endowed by the Pt–Pb alloyed composition and the unique structure, the Pt3.5Pb NNWs showed the highest specific activity of 2.78 mA cm−2 in acidic media and 6.51 mA cm−2 in alkaline media toward the methanol oxidation reaction (MOR), which are 5.24 and 4.12 times higher than those of the commercial Pt/C catalysts, respectively. Meanwhile, the demonstrated synthetic strategy for Pt–Pb nanocrystals may stimulate more inspiration and strategies of the novel metal-based nanocrystals for promising applications in electrocatalysis.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CRYSTENGCOMM
·
2018
·Vol. 21
·期 2
·290-296
·
IF 3.304
Sai Luo,Min Tang,Xingqiao Wu,Yang Ou,Zeyi Wang,Ni Jian,Xiao Li,Yangfan Lin,Yucong Yan,Jingbo Huang,Hui Zhang,Deren Yang
Pd is generally regarded as an alternative catalyst material to Pt for the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR). However, its catalytic activity and durability are much lower than those of Pt. Here, we report a facile approach for the synthesis of intermetallic Pd3Pb square nanoplates enclosed by {100} facets. The use of oleylamine (OAm), oleic acid (OA), and 1-octadecene (ODE) played important roles in the formation of the Pd3Pb intermetallic square nanoplates in high-quality. The Pd3Pb square nanoplates exhibited substantially enhanced ORR properties in terms of activity and durability. In particular, such nanoplates showed higher mass activity (0.62 mA μgPd−1) and specific activity (3.59 mA cm−2), which were 10.3 and 32.6 times higher than those of the commercial Pt/C, respectively, due to ligand and geometry effects. Significantly, the Pd3Pb square nanoplates/C were highly stable with 23% loss in specific activity and 21% loss in mass activity after 10 000 cycles compared to the Pd3Pb alloy dendritic nanocrystals/C (over 50% loss in specific and mass activities) due to their unique intermetallic structure with high chemical stability.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
RSC Advances
·
2018
·Vol. 8
·期 53
·30530-30538
·
IF 2.936
Wei Han,Wenjuan Wang,Yongchang Dong,Mei Li,Xiaoguang Yang,Milin Zhang
The electrode reaction of Pb(II) and co-reduction of Li(I) and Pb(II) were investigated on a tungsten electrode in LiCl–KCl eutectic melts by a range of electrochemical techniques. From cyclic voltammetry and square wave voltammetry measurements, the reduction of Pb(II) was found to be a one-step diffusion-controlled reversible process with the exchange of 2 electrons. The diffusion coefficients of Pb(II) were computed, and they obey the Arrhenius law. Using the linear polarization technique, the kinetic parameters, such as exchange current intensity (j0), standard rate constant (k0) and charge transfer resistance (Rct) for the Pb(II)/Pb(0) couple on a tungsten electrode were studied at different temperatures, and the activation energy is 27.32 kJ mol−1, smaller than the one for diffusion of Pb(II), which further confirmed that the reduction of Pb(II) was controlled by diffusion. A depolarisation effect for Li(I) reduction was observed from the results of cyclic voltammetry, square wave voltammetry and chronopotentiometry due to the formation of Li–Pb alloys by co-reduction of Li(I) and Pb(II). Furthermore, five Li–Pb intermetallic compounds, LiPb, Li8Pb3, Li3Pb, Li10Pb3 and Li17Pb4 characterized by scanning electronic microscopy and X-ray diffraction, were selectively prepared by potentiostatic electrolysis on a tungsten electrode and galvanostatic electrolysis on a liquid Pb electrode, respectively.
研究领域:
电化学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
·
2023
·Vol. 170
·期 12
·122505
·
IF 3.9
Yongxin Wu,Muya Cai,Hongya Wang,Zuojun Hu,Fangzhao Pang,Xiang Chen,Meiyu Zhao,Bingbing Wang,Xiong Zhang,Xiaowei Liu,Dihua Wang,Huayi Yin
Lead-acid batteries (LABs) are commonly utilized in various applications such as electric motorcycles, uninterruptible power systems, and stationary energy storage devices. Calcium (Ca) is an essential element being added to Pb grid alloys to increase their mechanical strength. In this paper, molten salt electrolysis is used to prepare Pb-Ca master alloy in molten CaCl2-NaCl at 700 °C. The Ca concentration reaches 2.51 wt%, and the current efficiency reaches 85.0% for the 1 A-scale electrolyzer and 75.8% for the 50 A-scale cell. Compared with the traditional physical mixing ways, Ca is selectively and gradually deposited in the liquid Pb cathode without worrying about the immense heat generated by mixing Ca and Pb. In addition, molten salt serves as a media to avoid the oxidation of Ca. Through thermodynamic calculations and electrochemical measurements, the Pb-Ca formation prefers to happen rather than Pb-Na alloy in molten CaCl2-NaCl because of the stronger interaction of Ca and Pb than Na and Pb. Overall, this paper provides a straightforward strategy to prepare Pb-Ca master alloys, which can be expanded to prepare various liquid semimetal alloys containing reactive metals.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
冶金工程
·
电化学
·
能源材料
·
功能合金
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Nanoscale
·
2025
·
IF 5.1
Jiashen Xu,Xinyu Gu,Nannan Zhang,Zhengying Wu,Yukou Du
Precious metal nanomaterials have demonstrated significant advantages in the field of alcohol electro-catalytic oxidation. In this study, the inexpensive main group metals lead (Pb) and platinum (Pt) have been innovatively selected to construct an alloy catalyst. By employing the solvent-thermal method, PtPb nanoparticles with a well-defined crystalline structure were successfully synthesized, exhibiting excellent performance. The electrochemical test data revealed that the catalyst achieved mass activities of 15 550 mA mg−1 in the ethylene glycol oxidation reaction and 5948 mA mg−1 in the ethanol oxidation reaction, surpassing those of commercial Pt/C catalysts. Notably, this alloying strategy, based on main group metals, effectively addresses the performance limitations of the conventional transition metal doping system. Furthermore, it introduces a novel concept for material system construction, facilitating the design of cost-effective alcohol fuel cell catalysts. This approach is particularly valuable from a theoretical perspective, as it investigates the synergistic catalytic mechanism between main group metals and precious metals.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
纳米催化
·
能源材料
·
物理化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Energy & Environmental Materials
·
2021
·Vol. 6
·期 2
·e12322
·
IF 15.122
Hang Hu,Xianyong Zhou,Jiabang Chen,Deng Wang,Dongyang Li,Yulan Huang,Luozheng Zhang,Yuanjun Peng,Feng Wang,Jingxia Huang,Naichao Chen,Liang Sun,Xuesong Liu,Xingzhu Wang,Jianyong Ouyang,Baomin Xu
There have been huge achievements of all-perovskite tandem solar cells, which recently realized the highest power conversion efficiency of 24.8%. However, the complex device structure and complicated manufacture processes severely restrict the further development of all-perovskite tandem solar cells. In this work, we successfully fabricated high-efficiency hole transport material-free (HTM-free) Sn−Pb alloyed narrow bandgap perovskite solar cells (PSCs) by introducing guanidinium thiocyanate (GASCN) and hydroiodic acid (HI) into the perovskite precursor solution. GASCN and HI play a positive synergy effect during perovskite crystallization process resulting in larger grain size, fewer surface defects, and lower trap density to suppress the Sn 2+ oxidation degradation. Furthermore, they could effectively adjust the energy level of perovskite materials, reduce the energy level difference between perovskite and ITO resulting in more efficiently transport of free hole charge carriers. As a result, with adding GASCN and HI, the achieved highest power conversion efficiency of HTM-free devices increased from 12.58% to 17.85%, which is one of the highest PCEs among all values reported to date for the HTM-free narrow-bandgap (1.2–1.4 eV) Sn−Pb binary PSCs. Moreover, the optimized device shows improved environmental stability. Our additive strategy manifests a remarkable step towards the facile, cost-efficient fabrication of HTM-free perovskite-based tandem solar cells with both high efficiency and simple fabrication process.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Advanced Science
·
2021
·Vol. 9
·期 4
·2104138
·
IF 16.806
Aya Gomaa Abdelkader Mohamed,Enbo Zhou,Zipeng Zeng,Jiafang Xie,Dunfeng Gao,Yaobing Wang
Electrochemical CO 2 reduction (ECR) is one of the promising CO 2 recycling technologies sustaining the natural carbon cycle and offering more sustainable higher-energy chemicals. Zn- and Pb-based catalysts have improved formate selectivity, but they suffer from relatively low current activities considering the competitive CO selectivity on Zn. Here, lead-doped zinc (Zn(Pb)) electrocatalyst is optimized to efficiently reduce CO 2 to formate, while CO evolution selectivity is largely controlled. Selective formate is detected with Faradaic efficiency (FE HCOOH ) of ≈95% at an outstanding partial current density of 47 mA cm –2 in a conventional H-Cell. Zn(Pb) is further investigated in an electrolyte-fed device achieving a superior conversion rate of ≈100 mA cm –2 representing a step closer to practical electrocatalysis. The in situ analysis demonstrates that the Pb incorporation plays a crucial role in CO suppression stem from the generation of the Pb–O–C–O–Zn structure rather than the CO-boosted Pb–O–C–Zn. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal that the alloying effect tunes the adsorption energetics and consequently modifies the electronic structure of the system for an optimized asymmetric oxo-bridged intermediate. The alloying effect between Zn and Pb controls CO selectivity and achieves a superior activity for a selective CO 2 -to-formate reduction.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
催化化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
APL Materials
·
2023
·Vol. 11
·期 10
·
IF 6.1
Wu Jie,Wang Xin,Xu Yubing,Pan Yuzhu,Chai Shunjie,Zhao Jingda,Cheng Qi,Zhao Zhiwei,Li Qing,Bae Byung Seong,Fayemi Omolola Esther,Zhou Jianming,Zhu Ying,Lei Wei
Compared with the pure lead-based MAPbBr 3 (MA = CH 3 NH 3 ) perovskite single crystals (PSCs), tin–lead alloy (MAPb x Sn 1−x Br 3 ) PSCs with higher carrier mobility and longer carrier lifetime are expected to perform as better-quality ionization radiation detectors. In this work, we design MAPbBr 3 –MAPb 0.9 Sn 0.1 Br 3 –MAPb 0.8 Sn 0.2 Br 3 structure detectors by employing solution-process epitaxial growth. Because of the gradient change in tin element proportion, the relatively low mismatch rates between different PSC layers can effectively reduce defects generated at the interface, which improves charge collection efficiency. Moreover, band barriers between different PSC layers form depletion layers due to the differences in band structure, and the high resistivity and built-in electric field of depletion layers can suppress dark current under high voltages. The optimized detector exhibits a high x-ray detection sensitivity of 6.76 × 10 4 μ C Gy −1 cm −2 and the lowest detectable dose rate of 7.4 nGy s −1 under 40 kVp x-ray radiation. Based on 241 Am (5.95 MeV) α particle irradiation, tin–lead HD has lower detection noise and more obvious response compared to MAPbBr 3 PSCs. The electron mobility was indicated as high as 612 cm 2 s −1 V −1 , and the mobility-lifetime ( μ τ) products were measured to be 3.5 × 10 −3 cm 2 V −1 using the Hecht equation, demonstrating superior transport properties.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
辐射检测
·
半导体物理
·
纳米技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）