Journal of Cleaner Production
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2022
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IF 11.072
Qian Liang,Linhua Jiang,Ning Duan,Fuyuan Xu,Hongping He
With continuous impelling of the Belt and Road Initiative, China has been cooperating with Belt and Road (B&R) countries in copper smelting . The large amount of highly acidic wastewater generated in copper smelter that is rich in arsenic (As) should be removed prior to recovery. The sparged H 2 S is used for As precipitation in the actual treatment, but is among the first found to be defective in performance fluctuation. This phenomenon is evidenced in this study that As concentrations of 60% samples obtained from the sulfuration tank are above the enterprise upper limit of 20 mg/l. Consistent with the performance fluctuation, our laboratorial investigation shows that the maximum As removal efficiency is only about 50%. Based on this issue that existed in the actual copper smelting, the inherent mechanism is explored. Experiments show that the H 2 S escape and As 2 S 3 re-dissolution are two main reasons, which are other meaningful findings of this study. The limited height of sulfuration tank leads to the incomplete utilization of sparged H 2 S. The existing Cu 2+ causes up to 21.5% of the generated As 2 S 3 to be re-dissolved. Strategies are put forward from two aspects to favor the As removal, namely increasing the height of sulfuration tank to extend the contact between H 2 S and wastewater, and timely discharge of precipitated sludge to prevent As 2 S 3 re-dissolution. This study provides China's solution to promote cleaner production in copper smelters, which benefits the copper smelting industry in both China and B&R countries.
研究领域:
环境科学
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冶金工程
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DOI
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
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2023
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IF 9.8
Fei Li,Sihai Zhang,Nengwu Zhu,Junyao Ke,Yun Zhao,Weiwen Ma,Pingxiao Wu
A deep understanding of the binding relationship between Fe 2 SiO 4 and heavy metals from the perspective of lattice site substitution is essential to improve the theoretical knowledge regarding heavy metals binding in copper smelting slags (CSS). Here, we proposed the lattice site substitution behavior of heavy metals in Fe 2 SiO 4 by preparing M-Fe 2 SiO 4 (M = Cu, Pb, and As). X-ray diffraction refinement, scanning electron microscopy, and Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy analysis showed that heavy metals were involved in the formation of Fe 2 SiO 4 during the smelting process. Compared with pure Fe 2 SiO 4 , the fine structure of M-Fe 2 SiO 4 was significantly changed by the lattice substitution of heavy metals. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Raman and Mossbauer spectra combined with Density Functional Theory calculation confirmed that the divalent metal elements including Cu and Pb were bound to the Fe 2 SiO 4 lattice by replacing M2 site. However, the trivalent As element could substitute both the positions of M2 site and part of the central Si atom through a charge compensation mechanism. Overall, the proposed lattice site substitution behavior of heavy metals in Fe 2 SiO 4 could enrich the theory of the lattice substitution of heavy metals in CSS, also further provide guidance for the comprehensive disposal of CSS.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
METALLURGICAL AND MATERIALS TRANSACTIONS B-PROCESS METALLURGY AND MATERIALS PROCESSING SCIENCE
·
2023
·Vol. 54
·期 2
·969-979
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IF 3
Cao Shuheng,Liu Zhihong,Lu Xingwu,Zhang Leru,Li Qihou,Xia Longgong
Copper smelting slag is the largest solid waste produced in copper-making process, and slow cooling beneficiation technology is the most widely used method in recovering remaining treasures from the slag. The phase transition law and element distribution behaviors of the copper smelting slag in the cooling process have significant importance, and they have been experimentally investigated in the present study. CaS, which was produced from the reductive decomposition of gypsum residue, has been added for sulfidation purposes to improve the recovery. Fayalite, glassy slag, hercynite, magnetite, and matte were major phases in the final slag, and the adding amount of CaS had a small effect on the phase transition process. However, the cooling rate had a large effect on the slag phase composition. When decreasing the cooling rate, the mass fraction of glassy slag decreased dramatically. The distribution behavior of Fe, Cu, Zn, Pb, Se, Te, and Ag changed when increasing the CaS adding dosage, and that of Si, Ca, Al, and Mg changed slightly. The initial slag composition also influenced the element distribution behavior. When changing the CaS excess coefficient, the distribution behavior of As and Bi changed slightly in the slag with the initial Fe/SiO 2 mass ratio of 1.8. But when the smelting slag had the Fe/SiO 2 mass ratio of 1.0 and 1.3, more As entered the glassy slag when increasing the CaS adding dosage. Less Ca reported to the glassy slag when decreasing the cooling rate, and more Cu, Pb, Zn, Se, Te, and Ag entered the matte phase, but part of them were lost in the cooling process. Graphical Abstract
研究领域:
冶金学
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材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
RESOURCES CONSERVATION AND RECYCLING
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2022
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IF 13.716
Longgong Xia,Shuheng Cao,Qihou Li,Xingwu Lu,Zhihong Liu
Copper smelting slag and gypsum residue are by-products in copper making processes, and both contain valuable elements, such as copper, sulfur, etc. However, there is more than 0.25 wt% Cu in the smelting slag, which cannot be recovered with present technologies. A sulfidation process, which used the gypsum residue as the sulfur resource, was proposed and studied in treating copper smelting slag. Obtained results showed: 1) CaSO 4 transformed to CaS under reductive decomposing conditions, and reactions between CaS and slag components occurred spontaneously during the slag cooling process; 2) the Fe/SiO 2 mass ratio of the slag, the CaS excess coefficient (α), and the cooling rate (v) had an influence on the terminal phase composition, sulfide particle size, etc.; 3) under optimized conditions (Fe/SiO 2 =1.0: α=5, v = 1.00°C/min; Fe/SiO 2 =1.3: α=4, v = 0.25°C/min; Fe/SiO 2 =1.8: α=5, v = 0.25°C/min), the Cu contents in non-sulfide phases were lower than 0.08 wt%, and the mean particle size of sulfides were 37- 40 μm, which were feasible for flotation recoveries. TCLP (Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure) tests indicated that the co-treatment process improved the stability of these starting materials. Based on samples characterization and thermodynamic analysis, a corresponding reaction mechanism was proposed.
研究领域:
冶金工程
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环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
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2023
·Vol. 34
·期 11
·1-16
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IF 2.8
Shi Jiahao,Duan Xiaoxu,Qi Xianjin,Li Guohua,Yan Guizhi,Wang Heng
Acidic arsenic-containing wastewater from copper smelting poses a potential threat to human and environmental safety due to its high toxicity, acidity, high volumes, and difficulty to be processed and utilized. This study proposed a technique to leach environmentally stable scorodite from wastewater using natural zinc slag as a solid iron source. The leaching behavior of scorodite was investigated through a combination of room-temperature adsorption and high-temperature reactions, after which the underlying mechanisms of this reaction were explored through adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics. Our findings indicated that the optimal reaction conditions of zinc slag with wastewater were the following: Fe/As ratio = 2.5, 80 °C, 10 h. The initial arsenic concentration in the wastewater was reduced from 13,040 mg/L to 140.5 mg/L, with 98.9% of the arsenic being removed. The toxicity characteristic leaching procedure (TCLP) results for the precipitates showed that the leaching concentration of arsenic was only 2 mg/L. For Fe 2 SiO 4 in zinc slag, FeS dissolves to release iron ions, generating FeAsO 4 ·2H 2 O, FeAsO 4 , and secondary minerals. Ca 2 Al 2 SiO 7 generates gypsum to provide surface active sites for the growth of scorodite. This study proposes the industrial application of zinc slag for arsenic removal from copper smelting wastewater, providing a strong methodological basis to promote the development of non-ferrous metallurgical enterprises in a green and efficient manner.
研究领域:
环境科学
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冶金工程
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2024
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IF 13.3
Xiaolu Sun,Linhua Jiang,Ning Duan,Liye Bao,Hao Jin,Guangbin Zhu,Yong Liu,Zhiguo Song,Rong Zhang
Currently, sulfuration is widely used for the Cu(II) recovery from copper smelting waste acids (CSWA). However, the abundant concomitant heavy metal ions (HMIs) seriously obstruct Cu(II) recovery. In this paper, we find that the precipitation difficulty of HMI sulfide is determined by solubility product constant (Ksp), H + concentration and S(−II) concentration, resulting in the diversified competitive sulfuration behaviors of concomitant HMIs on Cu(II) recovery. For concomitant HMIs without S(−II)-consuming ability, the positive-side competitive sulfuration behaviors on Cu(II) recovery are in the order of In(III) > Zn(II) > Ni(II) > Fe(II) > Mn(II). However, with the formation of concomitant HMIs sulfides, the negative-side competitive sulfuration behaviors on Cu(II) recovery are in the order of Fe(III) > As(III) > Bi(III) > Cd(II). According to the results of diffusion-growth-dissolution model, the S(−II)-combining process on HMIs surface is divided into S(−II)-capturing and S(−II)-consuming stages, related to Ksp value and HMIs precipitation, respectively. In actual CSWA, 5000 ∼ 15000 mg/L As(III) seriously inhibits the recovery efficiency of 500 ∼ 2000 mg/L Cu(II), and other concomitant HMIs (e.g., 250 ∼ 1200 mg/L Zn(II), 300 ∼ 450 mg/L Cd(II), 10 ∼ 200 mg/L Bi(III) and 20 ∼ 200 mg/L Fe(II)) will further affect Cu(II) recovery. Besides, ignoring these diversified competitive sulfurations of concomitant HMIs induces unreasonable S(−II) concentration for complete Cu(II) recovery, resulting in Cu(II) recovery issues: As(III) precipitation and Cu(II) residue. Thus, timely information in instantaneous Cu(II) concentration is a feasible strategy to accurately adjust S(−II) concentration via Cu(II) quantitative model. This work is devoted to the efficient and controllable recovery of Cu resources and the reduction of As-containing hazardous wastes in sulfuration treatment of actual CSWA.
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Water Process Engineering
·
2025
·
IF 6.7
Xintao Zhou,Shuyu Tian,Xincong Tian,Zhongqiu Luo,Xiunan Cai,Yanjuan Zhang,Zuqiang Huang
The construction of highly active photocatalysts featuring the merits of high quantum efficiency and superior stability from solid wastes for the photocatalytic degradation of organics remains a great challenge. Herein, an acid leaching and in situ self-assembly strategy was proposed to engineer a series of FeC 2 O 4 /SiO 2 amorphous composites with a Si–O–Fe bridged interpenetrating structure, using copper smelting slag as the only source of Fe and Si. The loaded porous amorphous SiO 2 creates new charge transfer states within the FeC 2 O 4 crystal, and the formed Si–O–Fe bond acts as an electron conduction bridge, extensively promoting charge separation and utilization. The α-FeC 2 O 4 with wider layer spacing was generated under high temperature, which can provide smoother channels for charge transfer. Thus, α-FeC 2 O 4 with higher Si content (α-FOD/Si H ) showed excellent photocatalytic activity, achieving a chlortetracycline hydrochloride removal rate of 91.9 % within 120 min, which is 16.7, 3.8 and 2.0 times faster than copper smelting slag, α-FOD and β-FOD/Si H , respectively. The composite also exhibited remarkable structural stability, with the chlortetracycline hydrochloride removal rates remaining above 85.1 % after five consecutive cycles, ascribed to the interpenetrated SiO 2 structure and the formation of soluble [Fe 3+ -(C 2 O 4 2− ) 2 ] complexes, which greatly reduce iron ions release and prevent the formation of Fe(III) oxide/hydroxide passivation layers. This study provides a new idea for synthesizing highly active and stable FeC 2 O 4 catalysts through a “treat the wastes with wastes” strategy.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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2024
·
IF 7.4
Donghui Chen,Hong Li,Fangming Nan,Jie Tan,Mengyu Ma,Wei Zhan
This study describes the preparation of Silico-Calcium-adhesive (CS-SS) by alkali-assisted ball milling to activate copper smelting slag (CS) for the remediation of heavy metals contamination and consequent resource utilization. The adsorption behavior and mechanisms of Cd(II), Cu(II) and Pb(II) in mono-metallic and polymetallic coexisting systems were investigated. The adsorption capacities of CS-SS were 21.906 mg/g, 30.893 mg/g and 93.593 mg/g for Cd(II), Cu(II) and Pb(II) at a pH of 6, respectively. Based on the experimental results of monometallic system indicated that CS-SS exhibited the highest adsorption capacity for Pb(II), followed by Cu(II) and Cd(II). In the polymetallic system, the inhibitory impact of Pb(II) was more potent compared to Cd(II) and Cu(II). The adsorption mechanisms included electrostatic attraction, chemical adsorption , physical adsorption , ion exchange, functional group complexation and surface precipitation. Simple economic estimates show that it costs about $4.72 to treat 1 m 3 of Cd(II)-20 mg/L, Cu(II)-30 mg/L and Pb(II)-90 mg/L containing wastewater. Therefore, the CS treatment method proposed in this study has certain feasibility and economic applicability.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2023
·
IF 8.9
Tengteng Shi,Baoqiang Xu,Jilin He,Xinyang Liu,Zibin Zuo
The efficient release of arsenic in copper smelting flue dust (CSFD) with complicated production conditions and composition under the premise of environmental safety is difficult for the copper smelting industry. The vacuum environment is conducive to the volatilization of low-boiling arsenic compounds , which is beneficial to the physical process and chemical reaction of increasing the volume. In the present study, combined with thermodynamic calculations, the roasting process of pyrite and CSFD mixed in proportion in vacuum was simulated. Additionally, the release process of arsenic and the interaction mechanism of the main phases were performed in detail. The addition of pyrite facilitated the decomposition of stable arsenate in CSFD into volatile arsenic oxides. The results indicated that exceeding 98% of arsenic in CSFD volatilized into the condenser, while the arsenic content in the residue was reduced to 0.32% under optimal conditions. Pyrite could reduce the oxygen potential during the chemical reaction with CSFD, reacting with sulfates in CSFD to convert into sulfides and magnetic iron oxide (Fe 3 O 4 ) simultaneously, and Bi 2 O 3 would be transformed into metallic Bi. These findings are significant for developing arsenic-containing hazardous waste treatment routes and the application of innovative technical approaches.
研究领域:
冶金工程
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环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2021
·
IF 7.086
Ruirui Sun,Rong Huang,Jiapeng Yang,Chongqing Wang
The treatment of solid wastes and wastewater for sustainable development has been a hot topic. This work proposes a novel process of “waste treating waste” using magnetic copper smelter slag (CSS) as heterogeneous catalyst. The effect of process variables and water matrix was studied on catalytic performance. Under conditions of CSS 10 g/L, H 2 O 2 100 mM, pH 4.4, and temperature 25 °C, tetracycline can be effectively degraded within 30 min. The apparent rate constant is comparable to or higher than previous reports, and the activation energy is 37 kJ/mol. The broad operation pH, slight effect of water matrix, and magnetic property of CSS are favorable for potential application. CSS was characterized by N 2 adsorption-desorption isotherm, SEM-EDS, XRD , XPS, ICP and zeta potential . The dominant components of CSS are fayalite and magnetite, and the major metals of Fe and Cu provide active sites for H 2 O 2 activation. Hydroxyl radical generated by H 2 O 2 activation is dominant oxidative specie for tetracycline degradation . The plausible mechanism of tetracycline degradation in the solution and on catalyst surface is proposed.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学工程
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DOI
高影响因子
ChemistrySelect
·
2025
·Vol. 10
·期 35
·e01773
·
IF 2
Zhen Miao,Fei He,Yadong Zhang
Graphical Sulfuric acid - hydrogen peroxide is used to leach containing-arsenic sulfide residue under the atmospheric pressure and mild temperature. Key factors of influencing the leaching process are investigated. Leaching rate for As is 98.42%. Arsenic(V) of leaching solution is reduced by SO 2 to obtain As 2 O 3 . The overall recovery rate of As throughout the entire process is 90.67%, thereby enabling the recovery of arsenic. Arsenic-containing sulfide residue from copper smelting is a kind of dangerous solid waste. However, the residue is also a recycling resource due to its numerous valuable components. Sulfuric acid-hydrogen peroxide was used to leach containing-arsenic sulfide residue, followed by the recovery of arsenic (As). The effects of temperature, dosage of hydrogen peroxide, the concentration of sulfuric acid, particle size, and solid-to-liquid ratio on sulfuric acid-hydrogen peroxide leaching were investigated. The results show that the optimal leaching conditions were leaching time of 120 min, the temperature of 60 °C, H 2 O 2 dosage of 1 mL/g, H 2 SO 4 concentration of 200 g/L, particle size of 200 mesh, and solid-to- liquid ratio of 1:4. Leaching rates for As and Cu were 98.42% and 97.57%, with As and Cu concentrations of 38.2 and 3.73 g/L in the leaching solution, respectively. During the reduction of As(V) using SO 2 in the leaching solution, the optimal conditions were SO 2 flow rate of 60 mL/min, reaction temperature of 10 °C, and reaction time of 2 h. The reduction efficiency of As(V) reached 95.75%, with the purity of As 2 O 3 achieving 98.71%. The overall recovery rate of As throughout the entire process was 90.67%.
研究领域:
冶金学
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环境工程
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湿法冶金
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废物资源化
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）