Yu Long,Huan Li,Mingchun Ye,Zhengyu Chen,Zihan Wang,Ying Tao,Zhe Weng,Shi-Zhang Qiao,Quan-Hong Yang
Great progress has been made in the development of cathode materials for Al-metal batteries . However, the in-depth study of Al anodes, especially the battery instability caused by Al dendrite growth, has not received much attention. In this work, we have identified the in-situ formation of Al dendrite growth, which is proved to bottleneck the practical use of Al-metal batteries. The dendrite formation severely affects battery performance, such as voltage and efficiency fluctuations, unstable cycling, etc. To further demonstrate the detailed growing process of dendrites, we make a comprehensive investigation into the interfacial chemistry of Al anode. We have found that the naturally formed Al 2 O 3 surface film is dissolved in the ionic liquid electrolyte during Al plating, accompanied by the formation of solid-electrolyte interphase containing Al-Cl and Al-O like species on the anode surface before dendrite growth. To suppress this dendrite growth, we propose the use of porous Al, which provides a homogeneous ion flux and decreases the local current density. As a result, the porous anode maintains stable cycling over a wide range of current densities and areal capacities. The Al-graphite battery shows stable cycling up to 18000 times without capacity decay. This work suggests the significance of suppressing dendrite growth for the real applications and commercialization of Al-metal batteries and will draw attention to the battery design from the anode side .
Rechargeable aluminum batteries (RABs) are regarded as a promising energy storage system considering the high safety, rich abundance, and high capacity of aluminum. One of the critical challenges for RABs is the dendrite growth of Al, which arouses significant stability and safety issues. In this work, we demonstrate that a graphite coating layer can effectively protect the Al anode against dendrite growth. The Al metal batteries with graphite-coated Al anodes display lower overpotential (43 mV) and better cycling stability (400 h) than those with bare Al. Based on spike-like voltage profiles, metallic Al is found to be preferentially plated on the graphite layer rather than the Al substrate. In addition, the rough graphite coating layer with abundant interspace further regulates the plating/stripping behavior and accommodates the volume change of the Al anode. The dendrite growth of Al is significantly suppressed by graphite coating, which also favors high-performance RABs with a graphite cathode. This study sheds light on the facile and efficient suppression of Al dendrite growth toward RABs.
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）