GREEN CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 9.3
Anting Ding,Chuanying Liu,Chengliang Xiao
Palladium and platinum are precious metals (PMs) used in industrial catalysis, and their green recycling is crucial but challenging. In this study, we aimed to create a novel leaching procedure for the environmentally friendly recovery of PMs using AlCl3·6H2O solution. We report here the use of a microwave-assisted AlCl3·6H2O solution to selectively recover Pd and Pt from spent catalysts. In a large-scale setting, our system can recover gram-scale Pd in a single batch. Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and capture experiments revealed the hydroxyl radicals produced by proton dissociation and microwave coordination triggered the oxidative dissolution process. Microwave-assisted AlCl3·6H2O solution leaching and NaBH4 reduction recovered high-purity Pd and Pt separately. In scale-up experiments, the dissolution performance of the microwave-assisted AlCl3·6H2O solution for Pd remained almost unchanged after seven cycles. Our approach uses around 1/50 and 1/20 of the energy and chemical inputs of the conventional hydrometallurgy process, respectively. Strong acids, poisonous cyanide, and volatile organic solvents were not used during the recovery process, enabling an efficient and sustainable PM recovery process and promoting an advanced oxidation process (AOPs) technology for secondary resource recycling.
研究领域:
化学工程
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
WATER RESEARCH
·
2021
·
IF 11.236
Yanyan Gong,Yang Bai,Dongye Zhao,Qilin Wang
Nanoplastics (NPs) pollution of aquatic systems is becoming an emerging environmental issue due to their stable structure, high mobility, and easy interactions with ambient contaminants. Effective removal technologies are urgently needed to mitigate their toxic effects. In this study, we systematically investigated the removal effectiveness and mechanisms of a commonly detected nanoplastics, carboxyl-modified polystyrene (PS-COOH) via coagulation and sedimentation processes using aluminum chloride (AlCl 3 ) as a coagulant. PS-COOH appeared as clearly defined and discrete spherical nanoparticles in water with a hydrodynamic diameter of 50 nm. The addition of 10 mg/L AlCl 3 compressed and even destroyed the negatively charged PS-COOH surface layer, decreased the energy barrier, and efficiently removed 96.6% of 50 mg/L PS-COOH. The dominant removal mechanisms included electrostatic adsorption and intermolecular interactions. Increasing the pH from 3.5 to 8.5 sharply enhanced the PS-COOH removal, whereas significant loss was observed at pH 10.0. High temperature (23 °C) favored the removal of PS-COOH compared to lower temperature (4 °C). High PS-COOH removal efficiency was observed over the salinity range of 0 − 35‰. The presence of positively charged Al 2 O 3 did not affect the PS-COOH removal, while negatively charged SiO 2 reduced the PS-COOH removal from 96.6% to 93.2%. Moreover, the coagulation and sedimentation process efficiently removed 90.2% of 50 mg/L PS-COOH in real surface water even though it was rich in inorganic ions and total organic carbon. The fast and efficient capture of PS-COOH by AlCl 3 via a simple coagulation and sedimentation process provides a new insight for the treatment of NPs from aqueous environment.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2020
·Vol. 95
·期 8
·2251-2260
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IF 2.75
Yanli Xu,Pengkun Guo,Chun Chang,Pan Li,Shiqiang Zhao,Guizhuan Xu
BACKGROUND Methyl levulinate (ML) is a promising green candidate for bio-based diesel fuels and fuel additives. An effective method for synthesizing ML from levulinic acid (LA) catalyzed by cheap metal salt catalyst under mild conditions was developed. A series of metal salts were screened for the synthesis of ML from LA, and aluminum chloride was identified as a suitable catalyst for this process. RESULTS The effects of catalyst loading, the molar ratio of methanol to LA, reaction temperature and reaction time on LA conversion and ML yield were investigated. The response surface method was used to optimize the process, and the model validation experiment showed that the predicted values corresponded well with the actual ones. Under the optimum conditions of reaction temperature 343 K, reaction time 1.5 h, aluminum chloride 1.14 g and molar ratio of methanol to LA 8:1, a high ML yield of 95.0 mol% could be obtained. Moreover, a kinetic model was proposed to evaluate the reaction process at a temperature range of 30–70 °C. The first-order pseudo model was considered most suitable ( R 2 > 0.99), and the activation energy of the reaction E a was estimated to be 32.28 kJ mol −1 . Investigation of the reuse of the catalyst revealed that it retained good catalytic activity after repeated use for ten times. CONCLUSION A green and efficient process of ML production from LA catalyzed by the metal salt aluminum chloride was developed. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
研究领域:
化学工程
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可再生资源
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催化化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOM
·
2021
·Vol. 74
·期 1
·213-221
·
IF 2.474
Deng Pan,Li Liang,Jia Yaoqiang,Liu Dachun,Jiang Wenlong,Kong Lingxin
Aluminum chloride (AlCl 3 ) is an effective chlorinating agent and catalyst for the chlorination of low-grade titanium slag to produce titanium tetrachloride in molten salts. In this paper, the chlorination behavior of low-grade titanium slag by anhydrous AlCl 3 in AlCl 3 -NaCl molten salt was investigated. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that aluminum chloride can be an effective agent for low-grade titanium slag, and that the addition of NaCl can form a compound molten salt together with AlCl 3 to prevent the evaporation of AlCl 3 .chlorination experiments were conducted on low-grade titanium slag in AlCl 3 -NaCl molten salt to investigate the effects of temperature and the amounts of aluminum chloride and sodium chloride added. Under optimized experimental conditions, the selective separation of titanium from the titanium slag was effectively achieved, and the extraction rate of titanium reached 79.6%. Other impurity elements in the form of oxides or chlorides remained in the residue. Finally, a reaction mechanism for the extraction of titanium from low-grade titanium slag in AlCl 3 -NaCl molten salt has been proposed.
研究领域:
冶金学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Reaction Chemistry & Engineering
·
2022
·Vol. 8
·期 4
·778-783
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IF 5.2
Huan Liu,Yi-Xuan Yao,Hong-Yan Shang,Da Yang,Yuan-Yu Tian
The tandem hydroformylation–acetalization of olefins with H2O as the hydrogen source was accomplished over an Ir(I)-catalyst using the phased warming strategy. Due to the release of protons by AlCl3-hydrolysis equilibrium, the tandem reaction was significantly enhanced. The conversion of 1-hexene was 100% and the selectivity for oxo-products was 89%, where 91% of acetals was obtained. Moreover, the hydrogenation by-products were detected to be less than 3%, showing that H2O as the hydrogen source inhibited the hydrogenation of olefins in this tandem reaction. Moreover, isotope-labeling experiments confirmed that water was the hydrogen source, and the key Ir–H active species for hydroformylation were captured by high-pressure 1H NMR spectroscopy analyses.
研究领域:
化学催化
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有机合成
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Frontiers in Environmental Science
·
2023
·
IF 4.6
Zhang Meilan,Qin Shengnan,Tan Yujia,Shen Zhemin
Introduction: The inorganic coagulant AlCl3 is used in the traditional coagulation method for the decolorization of industrial dye wastewater. We studied its effectiveness in 41 kinds of dye with different structures, including azo, anthraquinone, arylmethane, and indigo dyes.Discussion: The optimal conditions for the removal of dye in the AlCl3 coagulation system were alkaline > neutral > acidic conditions. Under alkaline conditions, the hydrolysis colloid of AlCl3 is positively charged and easily combined with negatively charged anionic dyes by electrostatic adsorption. Therefore, the relationships between the dye removal behavior and molecular parameters under alkaline conditions were analyzed.Methods: Quantitative structure–activity relationship (QSAR) models were built for the color removal rates (Rexp) of 41 dyes and 46 molecular parameters computed by the density functional theory (DFT). Internal validation, external validation, statistical tests, Y-randomization, and applicability domain tests indicated that the optimal models are stable, accurate, reliable, and predictive.Results: The optimal QSAR model showed that surface area (approx.) (SAA) and molecular weight (MW) are two key molecular parameters. Moreover, electrostatic forces and hydrogen bonding are the predominant adsorption forces in this coagulation process.
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH
·
2024
·Vol. 47
·期 1
·1-18
·
IF 3.2
Gong Huichun,Ke Pingchao,Zhou Yipeng,Xu Lingling,He Guang,Jian Peng
Fluoride contamination is a serious environmental problem in lepidolite hydrometallurgy wastewater. The treatment of fluoride-bearing wastewater is challenging because of the presence of coexisting ions including lithium (Li + ), rubidium (Rb + ), silicate (SiO 3 2− ), sulfate radical (SO 4 2− ). However, aluminum-modified zeolite (Al@zeolite) with sufficient hydroxyl groups and high adaptability has unique advantages for eliminating fluoride from lepidolite hydrometallurgy wastewater. Al@zeolite was prepared on natural zeolite by an atmospheric process and then used for the adsorption of fluorine from fluoride-bearing wastewater produced by the lepidolite hydrometallurgy process. The results of material characterization confirmed the successful immobilization of aluminum within the zeolite pores and indicated the formation of zeolite-Al–OH. The zeolite host significantly enhanced the chemical stability of Al@zeolite against pH changes for a wide pH range of 2.0–10.0. The adsorbent had a surface area of 33.46 m 2 /g and demonstrated excellent capacity and selectivity for fluoride adsorption. Notably, a maximum adsorption of 98.6% was observed at a pH value of 6.0 for a duration of 20 min with a fluoride content of 20 mg/L, and the equilibrium concentration decreased to 0.4 mg/L. The results of fluorine adsorption showed that fluoride uptake onto Al@zeolite agreed well with the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the Langmuir isotherm model. The reusability of the substance was evaluated for up to eight cycles following consecutive regeneration with 0.2 mol/L AlCl 3 . The exhausted Al@zeolite was effectively regenerated through simple alkaline treatment for recycling. The above results verified that Al@zeolite is a new kind of efficient defluoridation adsorbent for lepidolite hydrometallurgy wastewater with practical application prospects.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
APPLIED ORGANOMETALLIC CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·Vol. 39
·期 3
·e70040
·
IF 0
Jun Liu,Xinyu Wang,Ting Ouyang,Huilin Lan,Ying Bai,Jiayun Li,Yichen Huang,Jiajian Peng
Phosphate and pyrophosphate can advance green chemistry as nontoxic and sustainable catalysts. This study presents the development of a novel series of solid composite catalysts, comprising AlCl 3 and alkaline-earth metal (pyro)phosphates. The efficacy of these catalysts in facilitating the hydrosilylation of olefins with hydrosilanes has been thoroughly examined. Adding aluminum chloride enhances the catalytic activity of calcium phosphate for the catalysis hydrosilylation reaction, enabling efficient conversion of various linear alkenes into corresponding adducts with excellent yields. Furthermore, this catalytic system exhibits remarkable stability, maintaining its activity over 15 cycles without significant decrease.
研究领域:
化学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2016
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IF 3.698
Zheng Cao,Xu Yang,Haiyang Zhang,Haoran Wang,Wanyue Huang,Feibo Xu,Cuicui Zhuang,Xiaoguang Wang,Yanfei Li
Aluminum (Al) is present in the daily life of humans, and the incidence of Al contamination increased in recent years. Long-term excessive Al intake induces neuroinflammation and cognition impairment. Neuroinflammation alter density of dendritic spine, which, in turn, influence cognition function. However, it is unknown whether increased neuroinflammation is associated with altered density of dendritic spine in Al-treated rats. In the present study, AlCl 3 was orally administrated to rat at 50, 150 and 450 mg/kg for 90d. We examined the effects of AlCl 3 on the cognition function, density of dendritic spine in hippocampus of CA1 and DG region and the mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, MHC II, CX3CL1 and BNDF in developing rat. These results showed exposure to AlCl 3 lead to increased mRNA levels of IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α and MCH II, decreased mRNA levels of CX3CL1 and BDNF, decreased density of dendritic spine and impaired learning and memory in developing rat. Our results suggest AlCl 3 can induce neuroinflammation that may result in loss of spine, and thereby leads to learning and memory deficits.
研究领域:
神经科学
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毒理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
TOXICOLOGY IN VITRO
·
2023
·
IF 3.2
Peng Huixin,Wei Guangji,Huang Yanxin,Pang Yanfang,Yuan Huixiong,Zou Xiong,Xie Yu'an,Chen Wencheng
Aluminum chloride (AlCl 3 ) exposure is pervasive in our daily lives. Numerous studies have demonstrated that exposure to AlCl 3 can lead to male reproductive toxicity. However, the precise mechanism of action remains unclear. The objective of this study is to investigate the mechanism of aluminum-induced toxicity by analyzing the alterations in the global transcriptome gene profile of mouse spermatocytes (GC-2spd cells) exposed to AlCl 3 . GC-2spd cells were exposed to concentrations of 0, 1, 2, and 4 mM AlCl 3 , and high-throughput mRNA-seq was performed to investigate the changes in the transcriptome after exposure to 4 mM AlCl 3 . Our findings indicate that exposure to AlCl 3 led to an increase in oxidative stress, disrupted glutathione metabolism, reduced cell viability, and altered gene expression in mouse spermatocytes. Gene enrichment analysis revealed that the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were associated with various biological functions such as mitochondrial inner membrane, response to oxidative stress. Furthermore, these DEGs were found to be enriched in pathways including proteasome, glutathione metabolism, oxidative phosphorylation, and Hif-1 signaling pathway. Real-time PCR and western blot were employed to validate the expression alterations of pivotal genes, and the outcomes exhibited concordance with the mRNA-seq findings. This study provides a theoretical basis for revealing the potential mechanism of male reproductive toxicity caused by aluminum exposure.
研究领域:
毒理学
·
生殖生物学
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分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Energy Materials
·
2024
·
IF 5.4
Yutao Liu,Jian Qin,Qing Lan,Yali Zhao,Ting Xu,Xianjiao Meng,Yifu Yang,Hui Zhan
The lithium metal anode has been regarded as one of the best anodes due to its ultrahigh specific capacity (3860 mAh·g–1), low density (0.59 g·cm–3), and low redox potential (−3.04 V vs the standard hydrogen electrode). However, its practical implementation is hindered by the low columbic efficiency (CE) and safety issues. Lithium nitrate (LiNO3) has been widely proven as an effective additive to tackle the issue, but very limited solubility in carbonate solvents makes it difficult to be introduced into current commercial electrolytes. Herein, cost-effective AlCl3 is proposed as the anion receptor to promote the dissolution of LiNO3 in carbonate electrolytes, and the underlying mechanism is investigated via Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The optimized AlCl3 + LiNO3 + fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC)-containing electrolyte was used in Li|Cu and Li|LiFePO4(LFP) cells, and it induced significant improvement in cycling stability and polarization suppression. The effectiveness of the designed electrolyte was further confirmed in a practical Li|LFP cell with a thin Li anode and limited electrolyte. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) reveal that the introduced AlCl3 and LiNO3 can help in inorganic-rich solid electrolyte interface (SEI) formation and compact Li deposition, and these benefits contribute to the enhanced cycling stability.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Omega
·
2023
·
IF 4.1
Bolin Wang,Yuxue Yue,Yuliang Li,Lu Yu,Hong Tang,Haifeng Zhang,Feng Feng
Imidazolium-based ionic liquid mixtures with [NO3]− and [AlCl4]− anions were used as oxidizing agents for the dissolution of Au, Pd, and Pt metals under mild conditions. The thermodynamic reduction of [NO3]− to [NO] is catalyzed by [AlCl4]− anions and coupled with the oxidation process of noble metals. The developed ionic liquid system for dissolving Au can reactivate the Au0 formed in the deactivation process of the catalyst in vinyl chloride production. This demonstrates the relevance of the here-presented work for technical noble metal recycling.
研究领域:
化学
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材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）