Long Lu,Xinyu Chen,Qinyan Tan,Wenqian Li,Yanyan Sun,Zaoli Zhang,Yuanyuan Song,Rensen Zeng
Aluminum toxicity poses a significant constraint on crop production in acidic soils. While phytohormones are recognized for their pivotal role in mediating plant responses to aluminum stress, the specific involvement of gibberellin (GA) in regulating aluminum tolerance remains unexplored. In this study, we demonstrate that external GA exacerbates the inhibitory impact of aluminum stress on root growth of rice seedlings, concurrently promoting reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation. Furthermore, rice plants overexpressing the GA synthesis geneSD1exhibit enhanced sensitivity to aluminum stress. In contrast, theslr1gain-of-function mutant, characterized by impeded GA signaling, displays enhanced tolerance to aluminum stress, suggesting the negative regulatory role of GA in rice resistance to aluminum-induced toxicity. We also reveal that GA application suppresses the expression of crucial aluminum tolerance genes in rice, includingAl resistance transcription factor 1(ART1),Nramp aluminum transporter 1(OsNramp4), andSensitive to Aluminum 1(SAL1). Conversely, theslr1mutant exhibits up-regulated expression of these genes compared to the wild type. In summary, our results shed light on the inhibitory effect of GA in rice resistance to aluminum stress, contributing to a theoretical foundation for unraveling the intricate mechanisms of plant hormones in regulating aluminum tolerance.
Due to its exceptional resistance to abiotic stress, common vetch ( Vicia sativa L.) is widely cultivated as an alternative methane source and a potentially healthy food and feed option. However, the comprehensive molecular processes behind various cultivars of common vetch's response to Al stress remain largely unexplored. In this study, a total of 35,969 unigenes , with an average length of 1302.79 bp and an N50 length of 2109 bp, were identified. Among these, 1965 and 6684 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were detected in the Al-sensitive (Lanjian No.2) and Al-tolerant (Lanjian No.3) cultivars, respectively, with 331 DEGs commonly expressed in both cultivars. KEGG enrichment analysis revealed substantial enrichment of the citrate cycle (TCA cycle) and plant hormone signal transduction in Lanjian No.3, whereas "Plant-pathogen interaction" was significantly enriched in Lanjian No.2. Moreover, Al toxicity is suggested to be regulated through sodium-potassium channels, demethylation and esterification of cell wall pectin, as well as Ca 2+ -mediated CBL-CIPK signaling, hormone signaling, and TF binding. The candidate genes discovered in this study could be useful for breeding Al-tolerant pea cultivars in locations with acidic soil and may also reveal new insights into the molecular mechanism of Al stress in legumes.
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