INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2025
·
IF 3.9
Wei Li,Bangfu Huang,Xinchao Fan,Keying Zhu,Fu Yuan,Yihang Shi,Zhe Shi,Linjing Yang,Kui Zheng
In order to investigate the nucleation thermodynamics and nucleation kinetics of (NH4)2SO4 during cooling crystallization under the synergistic effect of different ratios of NH4F and NH4Cl, the solubility and width of the metastable zone width of (NH4)2SO4 in the mixed solution were determined by gravimetric and laser methods by incorporation of (NH4)2SO4 in a mixture of different ratios of NH4F and NH4Cl in this study. It is demonstrated that the dissolution of (NH4)2SO4 is a heat-absorbing process, that the inhibition of (NH4)2SO4 nucleation by NH4F is much greater, and that the intermediate stabilization zone of (NH4)2SO4 is enlarged with an increase in the cooling rate. Based on the self-consistent Nývlt-like equation and the classical three-dimensional nucleation theory, the nucleation kinetics of (NH4)2SO4 under the synergistic interaction of NH4F and NH4Cl was investigated, and the critical nucleation parameters of (NH4)2SO4 under the synergistic interaction of NH4F and NH4Cl were obtained.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
物理化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
TRANSACTIONS OF NONFERROUS METALS SOCIETY OF CHINA
·
2025
·
IF 4.7
Lei-ting SHEN,Yu LIU,Juan-lang GUO,Qiu-sheng ZHOU,Tian-gui QI,Zhi-hong PENG,Gui-hua LIU,Xiao-bin LI
The leaching of sulfuric acid converted product of scheelite in NH 3 ·H 2 O−NH 4 HCO 3 solution was systemically studied to improve sulfuric acid conversion−ammonium salts leaching technology route for ammonium paratungstate production. The results showed that the WO 3 leaching efficiency was about 99% under optimal conditions of 350 r/min, liquid-to-solid ratio of 3 mL/g, 1 mol/L NH 4 HCO 3 , 4 mol/L NH 3 ·H 2 O, 25 °C, and 15 min. During the leaching, CaSO 4 almost had no change and was still in a banding or rod-like shape in short leaching time, while conglobate CaCO 3 was gradually formed on the CaSO 4 surface. A secondary reaction might occur between CaSO 4 and WO 4 2− , which could be restrained by a certain amount of CO 3 2− in the solution. There was no CaCO 3 phase determined by XRD in leaching residue of converted product for scheelite concentrate under optimal conditions, which was different from that for synthetic scheelite. The leaching process could be explained by neutralization reaction of H 2 WO 4 and solid transformation of CaSO 4 in NH 3 ·H 2 O−NH 4 HCO 3 solution.
研究领域:
冶金化学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING DATA
·
2012
·
IF 1.693
Yuan-Yuan Che,Jian Shen,Jun-Chao Zhou,Chao-Hong He
The thermal conductivity of ammonium sulfate + water, ammonium nitrate + water, and ammonium sulfate + ammonium nitrate + water is of great significance in the national defense industry and military engineering for manufacturing of various energetic chemicals. The measurements, covering a temperature range from (278.15 to 333.15) K, have been performed by a transient hot-wire technique over a wide range of concentrations. The densities of ternary aqueous solutions of ammonium sulfate + ammonium nitrate are also presented at the same temperature covering different portions of ammonium sulfate and ammonium nitrate. The thermal conductivities of binary aqueous solutions of ammonium salts are correlated by polynomial functions in terms of temperature and weight fraction for the purpose of interpolation. The Aseyev equation in terms of weight fraction is also used to represent the thermal conductivities of ternary mixtures of these compounds. The ideal mixing rule of Young has been successfully applied to correlate the ternary densities of aqueous ammonium sulfate + ammonium nitrate solutions based on relevant binary solution properties. The agreement between the correlation and the experimental data is pretty good.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS
·
2025
·
IF 6.5
Qiangqiang Lu,Yong Kou,Lei Xiao,Jiahao Yu,Chong Chen,Jun Di,Guigao Liu,Wei Jiang,Gazi Hao
The energetic ammonium salts represent a class of oxidizer materials that are extensively utilized in contemporary propellant systems. However, the catalytic pyrolysis mechanisms of these salts remain inadequately explored, hindering the efficient application of new energetic ammonium salts. In this study, taking typical energetic ammonium salts (ammonium perchlorate (AP), ammonium nitrate (AN) and ammonium dinitramide (ADN)) as examples, their pyrolysis on the surface of the prepared Fe single-atom catalysts and the combustion flames of the powders were investigated. We learned that Fe single-atoms can promote the pyrolysis and enhance the flame intensity of ammonium salts. The mechanism of Fe single-atom catalyzed ammonium salts has been investigated through density-functional-theory (DFT) calculations, and the results well explained the experimental phenomena. The AP molecule produces oxygen most readily, primarily through the pyrolysis of *ClO 4 (−3.70 eV). The idea of solving the heat-absorbing decomposition of AN is proposed to catalyze its complete decomposition and to avoid the production of NO. The low decomposition temperature of ADN is due to the five major pyrolysis pathways of the molecule and the presence of self-catalytic intermediates. This paper offers guidelines for comprehending the pyrolysis and combustion mechanisms of energetic ammonium salts.
研究领域:
化学推进剂
·
催化
·
材料科学
·
物理化学
·
燃烧
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Separations
·
2023
·Vol. 10
·期 7
·387
·
IF 2.6
Kai Yao,Ruoke Jiang,Ping Wang,Jing Zhang,Bing Shao,Xiaojing Ding
A novel method utilizing non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis (NACE) with indirect ultraviolet detection (IUD) has been developed for the analysis of five quaternary ammonium compounds (QACs). The QACs analyzed in this study include dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, dioctyl dimethyl ammonium chloride, octyldecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride and didecyl dimethy ammonium bromide. The separation process was carried out on an uncoated fused quartz capillary with a total length of 50.2 cm (effective length 40.0 cm) and a diameter of 50 μm. The separation buffer consisted of a mixture of MeOH/ACN (90:10,v/v) containing 2 mmol/L sodium acetate, 2 mmol/L trifluoroacetic acid (TFA) and 16 mmol/L dodecyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride. The sample buffer utilized a mixture of MeOH/ACN (20:80,v/v) containing 2 mmol/L TFA. During analysis, a separation voltage of 7 kV was applied, resulting in a current of approximately 2.3 μA. The detection wavelength was set at 214 nm to ensure optimal sensitivity. Under optimal conditions, the method exhibited excellent performance characteristics, with a limit of detection of 0.5 mg/L and a limit of quantitation of 5.0 mg/L for the five QACs. Linear calibration curves were obtained in a concentration range of 5.0 to 100.0 mg/L, with correlation coefficients exceeding 0.999 for all compounds. The recoveries of the five QACs ranged from 92.3% to 114.7%, with relative standard deviations below 7.4%. To assess the applicability of the NACE-IUD method, 17 commercially available samples were successfully analyzed. The results confirmed the suitability of the method for accurate determination of the five QACs in disinfectant products. Notably, this method offers an environmentally friendly approach for the analysis of these QACs.Keywords:non-aqueous capillary electrophoresis;indirect ultraviolet detection;quaternary ammonium compounds;dodecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide;tetradecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide;dimethyl dioctyl ammonium chloride;octyldecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride;didecyl dimethy ammonium bromide
研究领域:
分析化学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2022
·
IF 9.965
Jiahao Gu,Dong Yang,Xiaoyu Wang,Ying Song,Zhaoyang Li,Heyu Qiu,Mengran Wang,Qiyu Wang,Bo Hong,Zhian Zhang,Jie Li,Yanqing Lai
Based on the dissolution and conversion mechanism of lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries, insulating solid short-chain polysulfides (Li 2 S 2 /Li 2 S) will continuously passivate and corrode the active interface of cathode and anode, which seriously affects its performance. Herein, ammonium benzenesulfonate (NH 4 BS) is proposed as a soluble ammonium salt to dissolve Li 2 S in the ether electrolyte, according to the inductive effect of NH 4 + cation and O atom on Li-S bond. This is beneficial to alleviate the interface problem of electrodes and irreversible loss of active materials. Noticeably, soluble Li 2 S regulates its deposition behavior from 2D to 3D, which is conducive to the more effective use of conductive surface. Moreover, the addition of NH 4 BS can increase the dissociation degree of long-chain polysulfides, so that the diffusion rate and reaction kinetics of active substances are improved. Profiting from these functions, the Li-S cells with NH 4 BS act out excellent cyclic stability in the long cycle of 0.5 C and 2 C. Under the extreme conditions of high sulfur loading and low electrolyte-sulfur ratio, the cells with NH 4 BS can cycle stably for 196 cycles, which significantly prolongs the battery life. The proposal of NH 4 BS broadens a new idea to solve the interface problem of Li-S cells and stimulate the research enthusiasm of developing soluble ammonium salt.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2023
·
IF 8.8
Xu Zhao,Kan Fu,Kai-ping Xiang,Lan-ying Wang,Yun-fei Zhang,Yan-ping Luo
Glufosinate-ammonium, the second largest transgene crop resistant herbicide, is classified as a mobile persistent pollutant by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agencybecause of its slow decomposition and easy mobile transfer in a water environment. The chronic and multigeneration toxicity of this compound to environmental organisms are alarming. In this study, racemic glufosinate-ammonium and the effective isomer, l - glufosinate-ammonium, were used as the test agents. The developmental, neurotoxic and reproductive toxicities of Caenorhabditis elegans to their parents and progeny were studied by continuous exposure in water at concentrations of 0.1, 1, 10 and 100 μg/L. The causes of toxicity differences were analysed from oxidative stress and transcription levels. Through oxidative stress of C. elegans , racemic glufosinate-ammonium and l - glufosinate-ammonium both mediated the developmental toxicity (shortened developmental cycle, reduced body length and width, promoted ageingand decreased longevity), neurotoxicity (inhibited head swinging, body bending frequency and acetylcholinesterase [AchE] activity) and reproductive toxicity (significant reductions in the number of eggs and offspring in vivo and induced apoptosis of gonadal cells). These phenomena caused oxidative damage (protein and membrane lipid peroxidation) and further induced apoptosis. The changes in various indicators caused by racemic glufosinate-ammonium exposure were more significant than those caused by l - glufosinate-ammonium exposure, and the reproduction-related indicators were more significant than the developmental and neurological indicators. A continuous accumulation of toxicity was observed after multiple generations of continuous exposure. These research results provide a data reference for the ecotoxicological evaluation and risk assessment of glufosinate-ammonium and contribute to the revision and improvement of the related environmental policies of glufosinate-ammonium.
研究领域:
生态毒理学
·
环境科学
·
毒理学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2016
·
IF 3.014
Shanshan Li,Binglong Liu,Jiang Li,Xingwen Zhu,Wenbin Liu,Yubai Pan,Jingkun Guo
Yttria (Y 2 O 3 ) nano-powders were synthesized by the normal-strike precipitation method. The influences of R (NH 4 HCO 3 /M 3+ , molar ratio) and ammonium sulfate addition were studied throughout the preparation process. Several analytic techniques such as XRD , TG/DSC, SEM and FTIR were used to determine the characteristics of the precursors and Y 2 O 3 powders. It was found that morphologies and phases of the precursors were evidently influenced by the R value. The phases of the precursors were Y 2 (CO 3 ) 3 ·2.79H 2 O when R was 3–4, while the composition of the precursors with R = 4–5 was (NH 4 ) a Y(OH) b (CO 3 ) c ·xH 2 O. Homogeneous needle-flake shaped particles composed of coadjacent grains with diameters of about 70 nm were obtained as the R = 3–4. The rhombohedral flake-shaped particles were the products with R = 5–6. The mechanism of the influence of R value on the precipitation of the precursor was also investigated in this work. Pure Y 2 O 3 nano-powders were obtained by calcining the precursors at 1000 °C for 4 h regardless of what the R value was. Sulfate ions affect not only dispersion of nanopowders, but also their grain size. Results obtained in this work are contributed to the controllable synthesis of yttria powders.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Cleaner Production
·
2018
·
IF 5.651
Leiting Shen,Xiaobin Li,Qiusheng Zhou,Zhihong Peng,Guihua Liu,Tiangui Qi,Pekka Taskinen
To directly obtain solution of (NH 4 ) 2 WO 4 instead of Na 2 WO 4 is the key for developing a cleaner technology of ammonium paratungstate production. In this paper, ammoniacal ammonium carbonate solution was adopted for leaching tungsten from the converted product, a mixture of H 2 WO 4 and CaSO 4 obtained by treating scheelite with sulfuric acid . The research indicates that tungsten can be efficiently extracted in form of ammonium tungstate solution with WO 3 leaching yield of >99.5% under moderate leaching conditions. The WO 3 leaching yield is influenced by the transformation of calcium sulfate to calcium carbonate due to forming CaWO 4 through the secondary reaction between CaSO 4 and (NH 4 ) 2 WO 4 , whereas an excess (NH 4 ) 2 CO 3 (≥0.64 mol/L) can suppress the secondary reaction by facilitating the transformation. Additionally, the consumed ammonium carbonate can be recovered by treating the leaching residue with ammonium sulfate solution at above 70 °C. This work presents a cleaner and sustainable technique for producing ammonium paratungstate, with circulating the leaching reagents and bypassing the conversion of Na 2 WO 4 to (NH 4 ) 2 WO 4 .
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2025
·
IF 5.6
Sha Zhou,Jing Cao,Ziye Xiang,Yi Liu,Xiaoyu Ma,Min Hu
This study examined the efficacy of tetramethyl ammonium fluoride (TMAF), ethylammonium fluoride (TEAF), and n-butyl ammonium fluoride (TBAF) additives with different chain lengths in soluble lead redox flow batteries. This research explains how the molecular structure of quaternary ammonium fluoride salts affects the performance of soluble lead redox flow (SLRFB) batteries. The fluoride adsorption layer affects electron transfer at the electrode interface was explained. Notably, the addition of TEAF significantly improves the electrodeposition of PbO 2 . Short-chain TMAF increases electrical conductivity but causes lead aggregation. TEAF increases battery Coulombic efficiency to 99.2 % and cycle life by over threefold. This research adopts a chain length-modulated design strategy to compare the influence of chain length on the performance of SLRFB.
研究领域:
电化学
·
能源材料
·
电池技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMERS FOR ADVANCED TECHNOLOGIES
·
2019
·Vol. 31
·期 2
·260-272
·
IF 2.162
Lichen Zhang,Deqi Yi,Jianwei Hao
Poly (diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA) and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) deionized chloride ions and ammonium ions by ionizing in aqueous solution respectively, then combined to form poly (diallyldimethylammonium) and polyphosphate (PAPP) polyelectrolyte complexes as an all-in-one flame retardant for polypropylene and its composites were characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. One flame retardant system composed of PAPP and PP, the other flame retardant system composed of PAPP, Polyamide-6 (PA6) and PP were tested by limiting oxygen index (LOI), UL-94, cone calorimeter tests and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and compared with pure PP. The results showed that the LOI value of PP/PAPP composite can reach 27.5%, and UL-94 V-2 rating can be reached at 25 wt% PAPP loading. Meanwhile the cone calorimetry results displayed that the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) were reduced up to 69.3% and 22.5%, respectively, compared with those of pure PP. After adding 5 wt% PA6, the carbon source missing due to the early PAPP decomposition can be made up, and PHRR and THR can be further reduced slightly. The flame retardant mechanism of PAPP was studied by FTIR spectroscopy and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. Six-membered ring of C─N containing conjugate double bonds, cross-linked phosphate structure formed stable, intumescent, compact char layer which greatly improved the flame retardancy of PP.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS
·
2022
·
IF 4.966
Yaling Lin,Deqiang Zhang,Shijie Shan,Wei Zhang,Rui Li,Anqiang Zhang
As the pathogen of banana Fusarium wilt, Fusarium oxysporum f . sp. cubense race 4 (Foc4) has the strongest toxicity and pathogenicity due to its long-term viability in soil, but there is still no effective way to control it at present. Based on the activity parameters of polymeric quaternary ammonium salt in our previous work, this paper hopes to enhance the amphiphilicity of polymeric quaternary ammonium salt by introducing a fluoroalkyl group to improve the antifungal property of polymeric quaternary ammonium salt and achieve stable adsorption and long-term inhibition of saprophytic Foc4 conidia in soil. Here, we prepared a series of fluorine-containing ammonium salts with random and block structures by atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), and we systematically studied the effects of the introduction of fluoroalkyl groups, the proportion of hydrophobic segments and polymer structure on micelle properties, antifungal properties, adsorption, migration and long-term antifungal properties against Foc4 in soil. Finally, the preferred polymeric quaternary ammonium salts were selected for pot experiments in the prevention and control of banana Fusarium wilt caused by Foc4, and positive experimental results were achieved. In conclusion, we made an exploratory attempt at the practical application of polymeric amphiphilic quaternary ammonium salt in plant disease control.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
农业化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）