Desalination and Water Treatment
·
2024
·
IF 1
Lincai Peng,Jing Gao,Shun Yao,Xianqiu Lan,Huaiping Li,Hang Song
ABSTRACT As a common agriculture waste as well as available biomass resource from ginkgo tree, ginkgo leaves were used as adsorbent to remove two models of cationic dyes methyl violet (MV) and malachite green (MG) after adequate modification. As the result, hydroxylated magnetic ginkgo leaf powder and carboxylated magnetic ginkgo leaf powder were obtained and characterized, respectively, which had the potential to be an environmentally friendly and economically effective biosorbents for the adsorption of dyes. These new biosorbents exhibited high adsorption capacity for dyes, with the maximum adsorption capacity of 450 mg g –1 for MV and 231 mg g –1 for MG. Further investigation confirmed that these adsorption processes were fitted with pseudo-second-order and Langmuir isothermal model. Moreover, these adsorbents with remarkable magnetism could be easily and rapidly recovered by external magnet after their use. The study demonstrated that the promising and reliable modified biosorbents were very suitable for removal of cationic dyes with high concentration at lower cost.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
生物技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
·
2017
·Vol. 40
·期 24
·4857-4864
·
IF 2.557
Zhongping Huang,Yueting Xu,Yilei Huang,Charles Liu,Kezhi Jiang,Lili Wang
A novel method based on direct analysis in real time integrated with mass spectrometry was established and applied into rapid determination of ginkgolic acids in Ginkgo biloba kernels and leaves. Instrument parameter settings were optimized to obtain the sensitive and accurate determination of ginkgolic acids. At the sample introduction speed of 0.2 mm/s, high intensity of [M–H] – ions for ginkgolic acids were observed in the negative ion mode by utilization of high-purity helium gas at 450°C. Two microliters of methanol extract of G. biloba kernels or leaves dropped on the surface of Quick-Strip module was analyzed after solvent evaporated to dryness. A series of standard solutions of ginkgolic acid 13:0 in the range of 2–50 mg/L were analyzed with a correlation coefficient r = 0.9981 and relative standard deviation ( n = 5) from 12.5 to 13.7%. The limit of detection was 0.5 mg/L. The results of direct analysis in real time-mass spectrometry were in agreement with those observed by thermochemolysis gas chromatography. The proposed method demonstrated significant potential in the application of the high-throughput screening and rapid analysis for ginkgolic acids in dietary supplements.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
植物化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2016
·Vol. 21
·期 1
·97
·
IF 2.465
Chang-Wei Zhang,Cheng-Zhang Wang,Ran Tao
In this study, high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), ultraviolet (UV), thermagravimetric analyzer (TGA), pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Py-GC-MS), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) were used as measurement techniques, contents of chemical composition, pyrolytic products, thermal stability, morphological characterization ofGinkgo bilobaleaves (GBL) acted as the index, and physicochemical properties of GBL after enzymolysis based ultrasound extraction (EBUE) and Soxhlet extraction were studied. The detection results of chemical composition revealed that contents of general flavone, soluble protein, soluble total sugar and protein in the GBL declined significantly after EBUE, and contents of polyprenols and crude fat obviously reduced as well after Soxhlet extraction. Py-GC-MS results indicated that total GC contents of micromolecules with carbon less than 12 from 54.0% before EBUE decline to 8.34% after EBUE. Total GC contents of long-chain fatty acids with carbon less than 20 from 43.0% before EBUE reduced to 27.0% after Soxhlet extraction. Thermal stability results showed that GBL after Soxhlet extraction was easier to decompose than GBL before EBUE. SEM results illustrated that surface structure of GBL was damaged severely after EBUE, compared with GBL before EBUE, while organic solvent extraction had little influence on the morphological characterization of GBL after Soxhlet extraction compared with GBL after EBUE.Keywords:physicochemical properties;Ginkgo bilobaleaves;enzymolysis;ultrasound;Soxhlet extraction
研究领域:
植物化学
·
分析化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PLoS One
·
2018
·Vol. 13
·期 3
·e0193659
·
IF 2.766
Yaoyao Huang,Yang Hu,Lvcun Chen,Tao Yang,Hanfang Huang,Runping Shi,Peng Lu,Chenghua Zhong
Low–cost biosorbents (ginkgo leaf, osmanthus leaf, banyan leaf, magnolia leaf, holly leaf, walnut shell, and grapefruit peel) were evaluated in the simultaneous removal of La 3+ , Ce 3+ , Pr 3+ , Nd 3+ , Sm 3+ , Eu 3+ , Gd 3+ , Yb 3+ , Lu 3+ , UO 2 2+ , Th 4+ , Y 3+ , Co 2+ , Zn 2+ , Ni 2+ , and Sr 2+ from aqueous solutions. In single metal systems, all adsorbents exhibited good to excellent adsorption capacities toward lanthanides and actinides. In a simulated multicomponent mixed solution study, higher selectivity and efficiency were observed for Th 4+ over other metal cations, with ginkgo leaves providing the highest adsorptivity (81.2%) among the seven biosorbents. Through optimization studies, the selectivity of Th 4+ biosorption on ginkgo leaf was found to be highly pH–dependent, with optimum Th 4+ removal observed at pH 4. Th 4+ adsorption was found to proceed rapidly with an equilibrium time of 120 min and conform to pseudo–second–order kinetics. The Langmuir isotherm model best described Th 4+ biosorption, with a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 103.8 mg g –1 . Thermodynamic calculations indicated that Th 4+ biosorption was spontaneous and endothermic. Furthermore, the physical and chemical properties of the adsorbent were determined by scanning electron microscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller, X-ray powder diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared analysis. The biosorption of Th from a real sample (monazite mineral) was studied and an efficiency of 90.4% was achieved from nitric acid at pH 4 using ginkgo leaves.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
放射生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF FOOD BIOCHEMISTRY
·
2017
·Vol. 41
·期 3
·e12352
·
IF 1
Chang-Wei Zhang,Cheng-Zhang Wang,Ran Tao
Three high purified polysaccharide monomers (GBP11, GBP22, and GBP33) were obtained from enzymatic hydrolysate of Ginkgo biloba leave using DEAE-Sepharose Fast Flow column and Sephadex G-100 column, and their basic structural characterization were investigated by utilizing high-performance liquid chromatography, high-performance ion chromatography, and Infrared Spectroscopy. In addition, antioxidant activities of related polysaccharides were also evaluated. The results showed that the molecular weight of GBP11, GBP22, and GBP33 were 1.944 × 10 3 KDa, 5.167 × 10 3 KDa, and 45.98 KDa, singly, and they were mainly made up of glucose, galactose, arabinose, and rhamnose with a molar ratio of 62.2:1.98:3.84:1.24, 3.57:68.0:4.67:0.36 and 5.34:48.8:1.70:8.97, respectively. Moreover, GBP22, GBP, and GBP11 demonstrated the strongest free radical scavenging activity on DPPH, ABTS, and superoxide anion, showing that they have potential application value on the functional food and cosmetic industry. Practical applications Enzymatic hydrolysate of Ginkgo biloba leaves includes lots of carbohydrate, it will cause eutrophication and environment pollution if it is directly poured out. This research indicates that carbohydrate extracted from enzymatic hydrolysate of Ginkgo biloba leaves are made up of different polysaccharide monomers with various molecular weight and monosaccharide composition. Moreover, these polysaccharide monomers possess appreciating antioxidant activities. Therefore, this research could lay a foundation for the high-value application of polysaccharides in functional food and cosmetic industry, and provide theoretical reference for the treatment of waste water.
研究领域:
植物化学
·
食品科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Frontiers in Plant Science
·
2017
·
IF 4.291
Ni Jun,Hao Juan,Jiang Zhifang,Zhan Xiaori,Dong Lixiang,Yang Xiuli,Sun Zhehang,Xu Wenya,Wang Zhikun,Xu Maojun
The flavonoids in the extracts of Ginkgo leaves have been shown to have great medical value: thus, a method to increase the flavonoid contents in these extracts is of significant importance for human health. In the present study, we investigated the changes in flavonoid contents and the corresponding gene expression levels in post-harvest Ginkgo leaves after various treatments. We found that both ultraviolet-B and NaCl treatment induced flavonoid accumulation. However, gene expression analysis showed that the increases in flavonoid contents were achieved by different pathways. Furthermore, post-harvest Ginkgo leaves responded differently to NaCl treatment compared with naturally grown leaves in both flavonoid contents and corresponding gene expression. In addition, combined treatment with ultraviolet-B and NaCl did not further increase the flavonoid contents compared with ultraviolet-B or NaCl treatment alone. Our results indicate the existence of a novel mechanism in response to NaCl treatment in post-harvest Ginkgo leaves, and provide a technique to increase flavonoid content in the pharmaceutical industry.
研究领域:
植物学
·
药理学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACTA PHARMACEUTICA
·
2022
·Vol. 72
·期 4
·483-507
·
IF 3.299
Yubo Zhou,Yingxin Yang,Minyan Ma,Lingyun Xie,Aijuan Yan,Wen Cao
In this study Ginkgo biloba leaves (GBL) decoction and commercial capsules were digested using an in vitro model. Thirty-six active compounds were identified and quantified by HPLC-ESI-MS analysis based on the MS/MS patterns (precursor ions and product ions) and retention times, in comparison with reference standards. Most compounds in GBL showed a significant decrease during intestinal digestion, with an exception of vanillic acid and biflavonoids. Bioaccessibility values of chemical compositions varied between decoction and capsules samples. Also, significant reductions of total flavonoids and total phenolic content was observed after in vitro digestion. Both, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazo-line-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) scavenging capacity decreased after gastric digestion, but increased during intestinal digestion. Nevertheless, different behaviour was observed in reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. Compared to the pH of digestion, the influence of digestive enzymes on the chemical composition and antioxidant activity of GBL was relatively minor. Overall, these results may help provide a valid foundation for further investigations on bioactive compounds and the pharmacodynamics of GBL.
研究领域:
药理学
·
植物化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICAL AND BIOMEDICAL ANALYSIS
·
2018
·
IF 2.831
Jun Cao,Luyao Chen,Mohan Li,Fuliang Cao,Linguo Zhao,Erzheng Su
Proanthocyanidin (PAC) holds strong free radicals scavenging ability and is widely used as oxygen free radical scavenger. Huge demand, safety and economic aspect are forcing the PAC extraction to explore new resource and greener solvent. An efficient extraction method of PAC from Ginkgo biloba leaves was established by employing deep eutectic solvent (DES)-water mixture. After a rational design, a DES-water mixture (named as Ch-M 55 ) was chosen as the extraction solvent, which was prepared from choline chloride and malonic acid at a molar ratio of 1:2 with water addition of 55% (w/w). The main factors affecting the extraction yield were statistically optimized using a central composite design combined with response surface methodology (RSM). The optimal conditions were obtained as follows: extraction temperature of 65 °C, extraction time of 53 min and Ch-M 55 to solid ratio of 10.57:1 (v/w, mL/g). The PAC extraction yield was 22.19 ± 0.71 mg/g under the optimized conditions, which was much higher than those of conventional organic solvents. The antioxidant activity of PAC extracted by Ch-M 55 was similar to that of 70% acetone, but a little less than 70% methanol and 70% ethanol. The differences in constituent and polymerization degree of PAC extracted by different solvents might account for the difference in antioxidant activity. In consideration of biodegradability and pharmaceutical acceptability, the Ch-M 55 -based extraction method is obviously efficient, green and ecofriendly. Extraction of PAC from Ginkgo biloba leaves also provides a new PAC resource.
研究领域:
植物化学
·
天然产物开发
·
药用植物研究
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH
·
2024
·Vol. 31
·期 11
·1-12
·
IF 2.6
Song Jinpeng,Li Xiangyao,Zhang Shijie,Li Yan,Chen Long,Wang Zhongwei,Cheng Guiqing,Yu Qing,Han Yuxi
To improve the antioxidant capacity of polyethylene (PE), ginkgo biloba leaf extract (GBLE) was introduced into the PE matrix as a natural stabilizer for the first time. The effect of GBLE on the thermal oxidation stability, thermal stability, processing stability, mechanical properties, and long-term aging resistance of PE during multiple extrusion processing was investigated. The oxidation induction time (OIT) results showed that the addition of GBLE improved the thermal oxidation stability and long-term aging resistance of the PE matrix even after multiple extrusions. Additionally, thermogravimetric analysis revealed that GBLE significantly enhanced the thermal stability of the polymer matrix. These improvements could be attributed to the potent free radical scavenging efficiency of GBLE. OIT tests also confirmed GBLE’s resistance to extraction from the PE matrix, as well as its antioxidant activity after extraction. Moreover, the introduction of GBLE effectively enhanced the processing stability of the PE matrix, with the melt flow rate of PE-GBLE 2.0 decreasing by only about 0.17 g/10 min from the first extrusion to the fifth extrusion. Furthermore, the addition of GBLE could still maintain the good mechanical performance of the matrix after multiple extrusions. All results demonstrated that GBLE is an effective and natural multifunctional stabilizer for PE. Graphical Abstract
研究领域:
材料科学
·
植物化学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
·
2025
·Vol. 48
·期 4
·e70126
·
IF 2.8
Wenlin Zhong,Fangping Liang,Lingling Zhong,Jiming Ou,Jianfeng He,Quanzhou Wu
In this study, kaempferol molecularly imprinted monolithic columns (MIMCs) featuring a homogeneous pore structure and high separation ability were successfully prepared by surface imprinting on silica monoliths. These columns were then used to separate flavonoids from the hydrolysate of Ginkgo leaves. The preparation process involved three simple steps: preparation of silica monoliths, functionalization of the silica surface, and polymerization of the imprinting system onto the silica surface. The resulting MIMCs exhibited a homogeneous pore structure, high surface area (>100 m 2 /g), high porosity (ca. 74%), and good permeability (3.0 − 3.9 × 10 −15 m 2 ). The chromatographic separation performance of the MIMCs prepared on amino-functionalized silica monoliths was significantly superior to those prepared on thiol and vinyl-functionalized silica monoliths. The MIMCs prepared on amino-functionalized silica monoliths (I.D. 4.6 × 20 mm) could nearly achieve baseline separation of four structurally similar flavonoids: genistein, kaempferol, isorhamnetin, and quercetin. In addition, these MIMCs exhibited excellent selectivity in the chromatographic separation of flavonoids from the hydrolysate of Ginkgo leaves. However, when used as SPE adsorbents, the MIMCs prepared on thiol and vinyl-functionalized silica monoliths were superior to those on amino-functionalized silica monoliths in terms of purification of flavonoids from the Ginkgo hydrolysate. This study may be of instructive significance to the facile preparation of MIMCs for the high-selectivity separation and analysis of target components in complex natural systems.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
植物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL PAPERS
·
2019
·Vol. 74
·期 3
·971-984
·
IF 1.246
Gong Qiuyan,Guo Zidong,Sun Zhihao,Gong Jinggeng,Wei Fengyu
Abstract Ginkgo biloba leaves (GBL) contain many biologically active compounds such as flavonoids and terpene trilactones. In this study, graphene oxide (GO)-assisted ethanol reflux extraction (GERE) was adopted to extract the Ginkgo flavonoids (GF) from GBL, and the kinetics and mechanism of GF extraction were studied. SEM, XRD and FT-IR results all showed that GO could disrupt the cellulose structure and reduce the crystallinity of GBL. Through the obtained experimental data, it can be seen that So–Macdonald model was suitable to describe the extraction kinetics with high values of the coefficient of determination ( R 2 ≥ 0.994) and low values of the residual sum of squares ( RSS ≤ 0.00022). The optimum leaching conditions of GERE were 70% (v/v) of ethanol concentration, 16 mL/g of liquid to solid ratio, 1.5 mg/g of GO dosage and 140 rpm of stirring speed at 70°C for 4 h by the single factor experiments. Under these conditions, the equilibrium yield of GF by GERE reached 82.63%, about 5.60% higher than the conventional ethanol reflux extraction (ERE). The value of the apparent activation energy obtained was 3.69 kJ/mol for GERE, 6.35% lower than that for ERE at a temperature within the range of 40–70 °C. HPLC results indicated that GO could not decompose flavonoids. The higher yield of GF can be attributed to the catalytic hydrolysis to the cell wall by GO, which can decrease the apparent activation energy and accelerate the leaching of GF at the fast diffusion stage. Graphic abstract GERE method is an efficient and green extraction technology and So–Macdonald model satisfactorily described the extraction kinetics of Ginkgo flavonoids.
研究领域:
植物化学
·
药用植物学
·
提取技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Cleaner Production
·
2017
·
IF 5.715
Jun Cao,Meng Yang,Fuliang Cao,Jiahong Wang,Erzheng Su
Deep eutectic solvents (DESs), especially hydrophilic DESs, have been considered green substitutes to conventional organic solvents for bioactive compounds extraction. This study provided a practical example demonstrating the efficiency of hydrophobic DESs as designer solvent to extract polyprenyl acetates from Ginkgo biloba leaves. A hydrophobic ternary DES named as MCO gave the highest extraction yield for polyprenyl acetates during the initial screening. It was tailor-made from methyl trioctyl ammonium chloride , capryl alcohol and octylic acid at a molar ratio of 1:2:3 by systematically optimizing the DES component type, molar ratio and number. With MCO-based extraction, the operational factors influencing the extraction yield were further optimized by statistical method. The model for the extraction of polyprenyl acetates was well established and verified. Extraction yield of 84.11 ± 0.7366 was obtained at the optimal conditions, which was much higher than those of conventional hydrophobic organic solvents (petroleum ether and n -hexane). Moreover, excellent recovery of polyprenyl acetates from MCO extraction solution was obtained by macroporous resin AB-8 or DM130 adsorption. This study demonstrated that not only hydrophilic DESs but also hydrophobic DESs can be adopted as solvents for bioactive compounds extraction from biomass.
研究领域:
植物化学
·
天然产物开发
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）