Fengzhi Qiao,Xiaoting Yu,Shanshan Tie,Yannan Chen,Shuai Hou,Mingqian Tan
Food-borne nanoparticles from Undaria pinnatifida (UPFNs) were prepared and successfully applied as nanocarriers for microelement zinc delivery. UPFNs were spherical nanoparticles with average sizes of about 4.07 ± 1.09 nm, which chelated with zinc ions through amino nitrogen and carboxyl oxygen atoms as characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and 1H nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that the overall chelation process between UPFNs and zinc ions was a spontaneous enthalpy-driven endothermic reaction. Compared to zinc sulfate, UPFN–Zn2+ showed higher solubility both in phytic acid solution and the process of gastrointestinal digestion. Meanwhile, no obvious cytotoxicity was found in UPFNs and UPFN–Zn2+. Specifically, UPFN–Zn2+ could successfully rescue cell viability, DNA replication activity and restore cell proliferation ability in zinc-deficient cells induced by a specific zinc chelator TPEN. Overall, UPFNs might serve as efficient, stable, and safe nanocarriers for zinc delivery.
Zinc deficiency highly influences human health while the effects of some zinc supplements (peptide-zinc complex) would be negatively attenuated by human gastrointestinal environments. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the embedding methods to improve the stability and absorption effects of zinc supplements. In this study, the chitosan oligosaccharide (COS) was used to react with oyster protein hydrolysates (OPH) for the formation of new zinc carrier. The selected conditions for preparing the OPH-COS-Zn complex were 4 mg/mL, 30°C and 80 min by testing the zinc-chelating capacity. The main binding sites of OPH-COS complex with zinc were presumed to be involved in amino, carboxyl and carbonyl groups. The OPH-COS-Zn delivery system showed high zinc ion release rate (57.04%) by offering high soluble zinc amounts (61.07%) and remained stable in gastrin phase but partially degraded in intestinal phase in gastrointestinal digestion in-vitro . Furthermore, the delivery system was successfully absorbed and carried zinc ions to the serosal side (0.3027 mg/L) in everted rat gut sacs model. The OPH-COS-Zn delivery system showed better in-vivo temporary dynamic absorption of zinc (7.63 μmol/dL) than OPH-Zn (7.07 μmol/dL) and ZnSO 4 (6.09 μmol/dL), showing slow-release effects of zinc ions. This experiment provided the theoretical foundation for further study of embedding effects of peptide-based zinc supplements.
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