To solve the serious volume expansion problem of Sb-based anode materials in the alloying/dealloying process, a strategy combining electrospinning and hydrogen reduction is proposed to prepare a series of Sb-based alloys/carbon nanofiber composites (SbM/CNFs, M=Co, Zn, Ni). Inactive elements are innovatively introduced to form Sb based alloys with enhanced stability. The results show that the content of SbCo nanoparticles is high to 69.12% (mass), which are uniformly dispersed in carbon fibers. When evaluated as anode material for SIBs, SbCo/CNFs anode exhibits excellent sodium storage capacity, the initial discharge capacity is 580.0 mA·h·g −1 at 0.1 A·g −1 , which can hold 483.5 mA·h·g −1 after 100 cycles. Even the current density increases to 1.0 A·g −1 , the specific capacity still maintains at 344.5 mA·h·g −1 after 150 cycles. The improved sodium storage capacity is attributed to the synergistic effect of conductive carbon fibers and SbCo nanoparticles with uniform dispersion, which not only provide excellent electronic conductivity, but also enhance structural stability to reduce volume change.
Ziqi Zeng,Xiaoyu Jiang,Ran Li,Dingding Yuan,Xinping Ai,Hanxi Yang,Yuliang Cao
Sodium-ion batteries are now considered as a low-cost alternative to lithium-ion technologies for large-scale energy storage applications; however, their safety is still a matter of great concern for practical applications. In this paper, a safer sodium-ion battery is proposed by introducing a nonflammable phosphate electrolyte (trimethyl phosphate, TMP) coupled with NaNi 0.35 Mn 0.35 Fe 0.3 O 2 cathode and Sb-based alloy anode. The physical and electrochemical compatibilities of the TMP electrolyte are investigated by igniting, ionic conductivity, cyclic voltammetry, and charge–discharge measurements. The results exhibit that the TMP electrolyte with FEC additive is completely nonflammable and has wide electrochemical window (0–4.5 V vs. Na/Na + ), in which both the Sb-based anode and NaNi 0.35 Mn 0.35 Fe 0.3 O 2 cathode show high reversible capacity and cycling stability, similarly as in carbonate electrolyte. Based on these results, a nonflammable sodium-ion battery is constructed by use of Sb anode, NaNi 0.35 Mn 0.35 Fe 0.3 O 2 cathode, and TMP + 10 vol% FEC electrolyte, which works very well with considerable capacity and cyclability, demonstrating a promising prospect to build safer sodium-ion batteries for large-scale energy storage applications.
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