MATERIALS CHARACTERIZATION
·
2025
·
IF 5.5
Xinxin Xia,Cheng Zhang,Wenyi Lai,Zhenglin Zou,Peigen Zhang,Jingwen Tang,Ying Guan,Shuang Tian,Balázs Illés,ZhengMing Sun
The spontaneous growth of metal whiskers has long posed reliability challenges in electronic devices, often resulting in short-circuit failures. Recent findings on the rapid and extensive formation of tin (Sn) whiskers on Ti₂SnC substrates underscore the critical role of atomized Sn in whisker growth. In this study, mechanochemically decomposed Ti₂SnC, capable of quantitatively and efficiently generating large amounts of atomized Sn, was implanted to Sn, Bi, and Pb metal matrices. After three days of being annealed at 60 °C, numerous whiskers grown on all implanted matrices, proving the critical role of atomized Sn in whisker growth. Notably, SnBi bimetallic and solid solution whiskers were detected. TEM analysis proved that the formation of SnBi whiskers was caused by the released latent heat of crystallizing atomized Sn, which creates SnBi micro-melt pools at the interface, facilitating interface flow and supplying the necessary constituents for SnBi bimetallic and solid solution whisker formation. Likewise, SnPb bimetallic whiskers were observed in Pb matrices implanted with the mechanochemical decomposed Ti 2 SnC. These findings provide two contrasting strategies for future applications: effectively suppressing whisker formation and intentionally synthesizing bimetallic nanowires.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电子工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nanoscale
·
2024
·Vol. 16
·期 27
·13171-13182
·
IF 5.8
Xiao Wang,Chen Zhao,Peng Luo,Yan Xin,Yunnian Ge,Huajun Tian
Rechargeable aluminum ion batteries (RAIBs) exhibit great potential for next-generation energy storage systems owing to the abundant resources, high theoretical volumetric capacity and light weight of the Al metal anode. However, the development of RAIBs based on Al metal anodes faces challenges such as dendrite formation, self-corrosion, and volume expansion at the anode/electrolyte interface, which needs the rational design of an aluminum anode for high-performance RAIBs. This work proposes a novel and low-cost strategy by utilizing an alloy electrodeposition method in a low-temperature molten salt system to fabricate an aluminum–tin (AlSn) alloy coating layer on copper foil as the anode for RAIBs, which successfully addresses the issues of dendrite formation and corrosion at the anode/electrolyte interface. The artificial AlSn alloy layer could enhance the active sites for metal Al homogeneous deposition and effectively retard the dendrite formation, which was verified by an in situ optical microscopy study. The symmetric AlSn@Cu cell demonstrates a low average overpotential of ∼38 mV at a current density of 0.5 mA cm−2 and a long-term lifespan of over 1100 h. Moreover, the AlSn@Cu//Mo6S8 full cells deliver a high capacity of 114.9 mA h g−1 at a current density of 100 mA g−1 and maintain ultra-stable cycling stability even over 1400 cycles with a ∼100% coulombic efficiency (CE) during the long-term charge/discharge processes. This facile alloy electrodeposition approach for designing high-performance Al-based anodes provides insights into the understanding of artificial interface chemistry on Al-based anodes and potentially accelerates the design of high-performance RAIBs.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
·
2014
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IF 5.211
Peng Peng,Zhaoyin Wen,Yu Liu,Jun Jin
The SnO 2 -based anode with improved reversible capacity and cyclability was achieved by employing a protective layer composed of crosslinked polypyrrole nanowires. Scanning electron microscopy measurement was performed to characterize the surface and cross section morphology of electrodes before and after cycling. The crosslinked polypyrrole nanowire protective layer with good elasticity adhered to the SnO 2 surface could form a network, leading to buffer the volumetric swelling of active materials during the lithiation/delithiation process. A good cycling stability and an excellent rate capability of the modified electrode were achieved.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2022
·
IF 9.965
Lin Ma,Qiming Liu,Huijuan Zhu,Lei Liu,Chenxia Kang,Zhongling Ji
To enhance the specific capacitance as well as maintain satisfactory rate performance of nickel hydroxide and nickel sulfide, in this work, the ultra-fine nickel-tin nanoparticles with high conductivity are selected to synthesize Ni 3 Sn 2 @Ni(OH) 2 and Ni 3 Sn 2 @Ni 3 S 2 nanoflowers. Alloy as the core material improves the electrical conductivity of the composite, and the nanosheets prepared by electrochemical corrosion effectively avoid aggregation as well as increase the active sites of the electrode material. By adjusting the corrosion time, the Ni 3 Sn 2 @Ni(OH) 2 with better morphology displays a high specific capacitance (1277.37C g −1 at 1 A g −1 ) and good rate performance (1028C g −1 at 20 A g −1 ). After sulfurization, the optimal Ni 3 Sn 2 @Ni 3 S 2 perfectly retains the morphological characterizations of the precursor and exhibits ultra-high specific capacitance (1619.02C g −1 at 1 A g −1 ) as well as outstanding rate performance (1312C g −1 at 20 A g −1 ). The samples before and after vulcanization both have the excellent electrochemical properties, which is attributed to the rational design and construction of the alloy-based core–shell nanostructures. Besides, the all-solid-state hybrid supercapacitor (HSC) is assembled by Ni 3 Sn 2 @Ni 3 S 2 as the positive electrode and activated carbon as the negative electrode, displaying outstanding energy density of 70.54 Wh kg −1 at 808.67 W kg −1 and excellent cycling stability (93.21 % after 10,000 cycles). This work provides a novel ingenuity for synthesizing high-performance supercapacitor electrodes.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2016
·
IF 7.145
Haomiao Li,Kangli Wang,Shijie Cheng,Kai Jiang
For the first time, Sb–Sn alloys are reported as environmentally friendly positive electrodes for high performance liquid metal batteries (LMBs). Meanwhile, the dominant role of Sb in setting the potential and the inert “solvent” role of Sn in lowering the melting point and decreasing the cell cost are clarified on the basis of electrochemical titration and ex situ analysis. The Li||Sb–Sn LMB exhibits superior rate performance (only 13% capacity loss from 100 mA cm–2 to 1 A cm–2 of current densities), low materials cost (73 $ kW h–1), and high energy density (200.4 W h kg–1) at reduced operating temperature. Most notably, after 3500 h of operation (more than 430 full charge–discharge cycles), a discharge capacity of 20.6 Ah is maintained with a capacity retention of 96.7%, corresponding to a fade rate of 0.0078% per cycle, which potentially meets the metrics of large-scale energy storage without environmental concerns.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
npj Flexible Electronics
·
2022
·Vol. 6
·期 1
·1-11
·
IF 12.019
Wu Qian,Zhu Fengbo,Wu Ziliang,Xie Yu,Qian Jin,Yin Jun,Yang Huayong
Liquid metal is an ideal conductive material for soft electronics because of its high conductivity and fluidity at room temperature. However, the large surface tension and high mass density of liquid metal make forming three-dimensional (3D) dangling structures a challenging task. Reported here is a suspension printing strategy for direct deposition of galinstan-based liquid metal into 3D dangling structures with high shape fidelity and spatial resolution (~150 μm). Acrylamide/nanoclay suspension served as a yield-stress fluid support bath, with selected hydrogen peroxide to immediately oxidize the gallium skin and strengthen the extruded liquid metal, thus continuous liquid metal filaments were deposited successfully. The subsequent photo-curing of acrylamide/nanoclay works as a resilient outer packaging, giving rise to a ~500% tensile deformation for liquid metal-hydrogel composite. This suspension printing strategy should broaden the opportunity of using 3D and functional liquid metal constructs for soft yet resilient electromagnetic devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
软体电子学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Energy & Environmental Materials
·
2021
·Vol. 5
·期 1
·353-359
·
IF 15.122
Xingyang Du,Hanying Zhang,Xuexia Lan,Bin Yuan,Renzong Hu
Silicon monoxide (SiO) has aroused increased attention as one of the most promising anodes for high-energy density Li-ion batteries. To enhance the initial Coulombic efficiencies (ICE) and cycle stability of SiO-based anodes, a new facile composition and electrode design strategy have been adapted to fabricate a SiO–Sn–Co/graphite (G) anode. It achieves a unique structure where tiny milled SiO–Sn–Co particles are dispersed among two graphite layers. In this hybrid electrode, Sn–Co alloys promoted Li + extraction kinetics, and the holistic reversibility of SiO and graphite enhanced the electrical conductivity. The SiO–Sn–Co/G electrode delivered an average ICE of 77.6% and a reversible capacity of 640 mAh g −1 at 800 mA g −1 , and the capacity retention was above 98% after 100 cycles, which was much higher than that of the SiO with an ICE of 55.3% and a capacity retention of 50%. These results indicated that this was reliable method to improve the reversibility and cycle ability of the SiO anode. Furthermore, based on its easy and feasible fabrication process, it may provide a suitable choice to combine other alloy anodes with the graphite anode.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ChemistrySelect
·
2023
·Vol. 8
·期 32
·e202302517
·
IF 2.1
Kaiwen Ma,Fangya Li,Xinbin Li,Ting Liu,Ting Wang,Huanlei Wang,Shuai Liu
Graphical In this study, a lithiophilic 3D Cu 3 Sn active sites modified commercial Cu foil as current collector is designed by electroplating and heat process, which could induce a uniform nucleation of Li metal. The obtained Li@Cu 3 Sn anode shows superior interface property and efficient Li metal deposition/stripping process. The development of lithium metal battery is severely restricted by its uncontrolled dendrite growth and volume change. In this work, we designed a controllable lithiophilic Cu 3 Sn modified commercial Cu foil as current collector via simple industrial electroplating and heat treatment. As a Li-reservoir substrate for efficient deposition/stripping of Li metal, the introduction of Cu 3 Sn not only increases multiple active sites for the deposition of Li, but also provides more transfer paths for lithium ions. The Li metal anodes prepared by molten Li on the Cu current collector with dispersed Cu 3 Sn active sites provide a uniform lithiophilic surface, which could effectively promote a uniform Li deposition/stripping and suppress the formation of lithium dendrites. As a result, the assembled symmetric battery is stable at a low over-point position for 1600 h without short circuit at 1 mA cm −2 with 1 mAh cm −2 , the full battery paired with LiFePO 4 still maintains a high-capacity retention rate of 97.1 % and a coulombic efficiency (CE) of 99.5 % after 400 cycles at a current density of 2 C. This work provides a facile and controllable strategy for the design of current collectors with high lithium affinity for stable lithium metal anode applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
TRIBOLOGY LETTERS
·
2019
·Vol. 67
·期 3
·1-11
·
IF 2.235
Zeng M. Q.,Hu R. Z.,Song K. Q.,Dai L. Y.,Lu Z. C.
An in situ displacement reaction was used to prepare an Al–12 wt% Sn nanocomposite alloy from mechanically alloyed Al–SnO 2 –MgH 2 . The nanoscaled Sn phase was mostly 30–50 nm in size and was distributed uniformly in the Al matrix. The wear properties of the Al–SnO 2 –MgH 2 composite were enhanced significantly compared to those of an Al–Sn–MgH 2 composite. These improvements stemmed from the high-strength and nanoconfined Sn-phase lubrication, which moved the peak stress far below the surface, released strain localization at the uppermost sliding surface layer, and suppressed cracking and surface roughening. The dispersion strengthening of the Al–SnO 2 –MgH 2 composite favored the maintenance of a stable tribolayer, which resulted in an integrated worn surface and an excellent wear performance.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
机械工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Omega
·
2022
·
IF 4.132
Wenjing Fu,Cundi Wei,Jing Zuo,Jiupeng Zhang,Jinyi Zhang,Shaonan Xu
The Al sheets alloyed by Ga-In-Sn are generally utilized to react with water for H2 production, while the valuable byproducts, i.e., alumina hydrates, have not been fully studied. In this work, through controlling the reaction temperature, three types of alumina hydrates, bayerite (40 °C), pseudo-boehmite (PB) (70–120 °C), and boehmite (130–160 °C), were successfully prepared based on a series of interface reactions and structural transformations. These alumina hydrates and their calcined products (alumina) possess high purity with a total impurity element content of <450 ppm, especially an extremely low sodium content (<21 ppm) and iron content (<52 ppm). Significantly, the obtained pseudo-boehmite displays excellent surface properties (specific surface area: 332.7 m2 g–1, pore volume: 0.3 cm3 g–1, and pore diameter: 3.6 nm), competitive to the current commercial SB powder by Sasol. This work not only deepens the understanding of the byproducts in a Ga-In-Sn-alloyed Al–water reaction but also establishes a facile “green” method oriented to industrial applications, which is promising for the linkage benefits of the hydrogen production industry.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Energy Storage Materials
·
2018
·
IF 0
Haomiao Li,Kangli Wang,Hao Zhou,Xiaolin Guo,Shijie Cheng,Kai Jiang
Developing high energy density batteries is of great significance for various energy storage applications . The novel liquid metal batteries (LMBs), with the merits of low-cost and long-lifespan, however deliver relatively low specific energy due to the electromotive force (EMF) limitation of bimetallic electrodes. Metalloid tellurium (Te) is a potentially high voltage electrode candidate for LMB, but challenged by its poor electronic conductivity and high solubility in molten salts. Herein, for the first time, we demonstrate a high voltage LMB with high energy density enabled by metalloid Te alloying with metallic Sn as positive electrode . This Te-Sn alloying strategy dramatically enhances the electronic conductivity of Te based electrodes, and suppresses the solubility of Te in molten salt electrolyte as well. The Li||Te-Sn cells reported herein present the highest discharge voltage of ca.1.6 V and energy density of 495 Wh kg −1 among all the reported LMBs. These preliminary results broaden the selection of positive electrode materials for LMBs and demonstrate a strategy for developing high energy density batteries for energy storage applications.
研究领域:
能源存储
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
ChemSusChem
·
2020
·Vol. 13
·期 24
·6594-6601
·
IF 7.962
Biyu Chen,Jiajie Xu,Jiantao Zou,Defei Liu,Yue Situ,Hong Huang
Graphical A hollow victory : The mass transport and reaction process of the CO 2 reduction reaction on copper-tin alloy hollow fibers are investigated. The reason for suppressing hydrogen evolution reaction is revealed by comparing the influence of different gas injection ways. The high performance of formate production on Cu−Sn 45% alloy hollow fiber is attributed to the favorable crystal phase and the unique structure. Electroreduction carbon dioxide into formate has been regarded as a hopeful measure to relieve global warming. Copper-based hollow fibers demonstrated good performances on converting carbon dioxide in previous researches. Herein Cu−Sn alloy hollow fibers were synthesized in an innovative way, combining the structure advantages of hollow fiber and high selectivity towards formate on η′ bronze. Tests under different gas injection conditions were conducted to analyze the contribution of the hollow fiber structure on suppression of hydrogen evolution and promotion on kinetics. Strikingly, Cu−Sn 45 % hollow fiber, the optimal catalyst in this work, achieved a highest faradaic efficiency towards formate of 90.96 % at a lower potential of −0.75 V vs. RHE than most non-noble catalysts, and the FE of H 2 was below 4 %.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）