SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2024
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IF 8.1
Yanan Wei,Qian Zhang,Yuan Han,Xinyu Xu,Wenmeihui Zhao,Ying Hu,Rongmei Liu,Guixiang Qian,Zhongliang Tian,Chao Yang
In China, 80 % of lithium resources are in the salt lakes of the Tibetan Plateau, although the Mg 2+ /Li + ratios in them are too high, limiting the development of China’s lithium extraction industry from the salt lakes. This study investigates the potential of the LiMn 2 O 4 -Zn cell system for lithium extraction from brines with high Mg 2+ /Li + ratios. The system demonstrates excellent selectivity for Li + and efficiently extracts Li + even in brines with Mg 2+ /Li + ratios as high as 100:1 (wt%). The system operates stably at various brine concentrations, particularly in high-salinity environments. The study also investigates the kinetic performance of the LMO-Zn system, revealing optimal performance at high Li + concentrations and moderate current densities. The LiMn 2 O 4 -Zn cell system presents a promising approach for lithium extraction from brines, offering high selectivity, reversibility, and adaptability.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源工程
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环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
DESALINATION
·
2024
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IF 8.3
Jilong Han,Kuihu Wang,Siyu Chen,Huanzhang Lu,Zhikun Zhang,Zhengjie Li,Lilong Zhou,Yongsheng Du,Qingfen Meng,Allana Lewis,Yi Huang
The escalating global demand for lithium necessitates efficient extraction methods, particularly from natural sources such as brine. Herein, we report a novel, thin, and dense functionalised composite ceramic membrane that is employed in conjunction with electrodialysis technology for selective lithium extraction from salt lakes. This membrane exhibits high mechanical strength, low ionic impedance, and high lithium conductivity. The thin functional layer, ~20 μm-thick NASICON-type Li 1.3 Al 0.3 Ti 1.7 (PO 4 ) 3 (LATP) superionic conductor material, is deposited on high-strength and porous alumina membrane via a facile dip-coating method, providing structural stability for the composite membrane. The preparation and sintering processes of LATP-Al 2 O 3 ceramic composite membrane were systematically studied and precisely controlled to improve its morphology and performance. A membrane-based electrodialysis set-up was designed specifically for lithium extraction demonstrated the remarkable performance of the composite-LATP membrane in separating lithium from magnesium-lithium solutions with a high Mg/Li ratio. The LATP composite membrane effectively reduced the Mg/Li ratio from 40 to 2.1 after three-stage electrodialysis. Moreover, the Li + recovery reached 77.15% from the feed solution with an estimated power consumption of ~47.6 kWh per 1 kg of lithium carbonate. These findings have significant implications for the development of low-cost and environmentally friendly inorganic membrane separation technologies, which are important for promoting technological innovation in the lithium industry chain.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境工程
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DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2024
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IF 8.1
Qiao Zhang,Chunxi Hai,Yanxia Sun,Yunyun Gao,Shengde Dong,Luxiang Ma,Xin He,Qi Xu,Yuan Zhou
How to effectively recover Li + from liquid mineral brines with high Mg 2+ /Li + ratio and low Li + concentration is very significant and important for promoting the carbon peak and carbon neutrality plan valid. Therefore, taking the application merits and formation scheme into consideration, well-crystallized β-Li 2 TiO 3 precursors for obtaining TiO 2 ⋅H 2 O adsorbents were prepared through a classical solid-phase method under the optimized conditions. Interestingly, both Li + desorption and titanium dissolution loss ratio of TiO 2 ⋅H 2 O adsorbents depend on the HCl concentration and delithiation temperature. The Li + escaping routes from LTO precursors to TiO 2 ⋅H 2 O adsorbents is dramatically distinctive with that in the next adsorption/desorption cycles. Accordingly, as-prepared TiO 2 ⋅H 2 O adsorbents owns the high adsorption capacity up to 51.25 mg/g at 60 °C and low Ti-dissolution loss ratio around 1.08 %. The initial adsorption capacity of TiO 2 ⋅H 2 O adsorbents in real original oil–gas field brines containing 100 ppm Li + is 20.14 mg/g. According to the structure–property relationship, formation and working mechanisms of TiO 2 ⋅H 2 O adsorbents was proposed.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
DESALINATION
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2024
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IF 8.3
Xi Gao,Yan Wang,Xiaomeng Liu,Rongzi Zhang,Haidong Sun,Panpan Yin,Yongxing Huo,Rongping Yun,Xu Xiang
The development of granular adsorbents with high adsorption capability and high cycle stability is of great significance for the application in efficiently extracting lithium from salt lake brine. Herein, the structure of granular aluminum-based adsorbents was regulated by adding water-soluble polymer PEG. The results showed that the molecular weight of PEG was closely related to the pore structure and surface hydrophilicity of the granular adsorbents. With the decrease of the molecular weight of PEG, the specific surface area, the average surface pore size, and the hydrophilicity of granular adsorbents increase. The optimized adsorbent PSF-PEG600@AD formed a complex pore structure with surface macropores and internal mesopores as well as excellent hydrophilicity. The mechanical strength and wear resistance are enhanced. This unique porous structure and surface hydrophilicity enable PSF-PEG600@AD rapid adsorption equilibrium in the old brine of Qarhan salt lake with a Mg/Li ratio of 323 within 4 h. The adsorption capacity remains as high as 99.02 % after 10 static adsorption-desorption cycles, showing excellent cyclic stability. This study guides a direction in preparing high-performance granular adsorbents with adjustable pore structure and surface properties.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
HYDROMETALLURGY
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2022
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IF 4.217
Ruibing Bai,Junfeng Wang,Daoguang Wang,Junjie Cui,Yanqiang Zhang
In view of the complex problems for the ionic liquids (ILs) recovery with the system containing ILs and TBP, this work proposed a NaNTf 2 -based synergistic extraction system, NaNTf 2 + TBP, which could realize the effective reutilization of the extraction system without reducing the lithium separation ability. Under the optimal extraction parameters, the extraction efficiency of Li + exceeded 98%, while that of Mg 2+ was only ~1%. The results of mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and slope analysis showed that two TBP molecules involved in the extraction process of Li + , and the Li + extraction mechanism obeyed the cation-exchange process. According to the red shift of the FT − IR peak of P O in TBP and the chemical shift changes of P in 31 P NMR, the interaction strength between TBP and different metal ion followed the sequence: E TBP−H >> E TBP−Li > E TBP−Mg > E TBP−K > E TBP−Na . It was also found that after a three−stage countercurrent extraction process, [Li + ] org was 0.42 g L −1 , and the total recovery efficiency of Li + was about 98%. The saturated extraction capacity for Li + could be as high as 5.4 g L −1 , and Li + could be stripped with the aqueous solution containing 0.2 mol L -1 HCl. In addition, the extraction efficiency of Li + was almost not attenuated after 6 extraction cycles. This new extraction system shows a certain industrial application prospect for Li + separation from the salt lake bine with high Mg/Li ratio.
研究领域:
化学工程
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材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
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2017
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IF 2.843
Peng Chen,Siyang Tang,Hairong Yue,Changjun Liu,Chun Li,Bin Liang
A new method coupling CO2 mineralization and solvent extraction was proposed and investigated to precipitate magnesium from high Mg/Li ratio brine. Organic amine was employed to extract HCl formed during the CO2 mineralization process and to realize continuous conversion of MgCl2 to precipitated MgCO3, thereby removing the magnesium contained in the brine. The effects of brine concentration, extractant, diluents, extractant concentration, phase ratio, and reaction temperature were systematically investigated. A blend of trioctylamine and isoamyl alcohol was used as the extractant and diluent, and the reaction parameters were optimized. The mechanism was proposed, and a stripping process was designed. Under the optimal conditions, the conversion of magnesium was as high as 67.41%, and the Mg/Li ratio of the raffinate decreased from 20 to 5.4.
研究领域:
化学工程
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环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2024
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IF 13.3
Liqin Zhao,Xiaojie Zhang,Keyi Liu,Xin Liu,Yuefa Gong,Hong Peng,Wei Qi
Lithium/aluminum layered double hydroxides (LDH) have been industrially applied to extract lithium from salt-lake brine. Different from traditional granulation methods, chitosan with high hydrophilicity was used as the binder of LDH in this work, and LDH/chitosan composite hydrogel granules (CLDH) with a diameter of about 1–2 mm were successfully prepared. The new granulation method is simple, cost-effective, and does not require the use of organic solvents. The chemical composition and structure of CLDH were characterized by techniques such as FTIR, XRD, FESEM, TEM, TGA, and XPS. In simulated brine with a Mg 2+ /Li + ratio of 102, the maximum saturated adsorption capacity of lithium on CLDH-3 reached 12.5 mg g −1 (pH = 6.5), but it took 24 h to reach adsorption equilibrium. During the three successive cycles for the extraction of Li + from simulated brine by the CLDH-3 column at the flow rate of 1 mL min −1 , the adsorption capacities of Li + on CLDH-3 in the three cycles were 15.4, 15.9 and 12.1 mg g −1 , respectively. Moreover, deionized water (30 °C) was used as the eluent to recover lithium adsorbed on the CLDH-3 column, and the lithium recovery efficiencies reached 50.7 %, 53.6 %, and 62.8 % of the column adsorption capacities over the three cycles, respectively, and the Mg/Li ratios in the eluents were 0.47, 0.71, and 0.50, respectively. Overall, CLDH-3 exhibits good reusability, mechanical strength, structural stability, and selectivity in the process of lithium extraction from simulated salt-lake brine, and has potential industrial application value.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
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2025
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IF 19
Bingqin Li,Liangxing Jiang,Nan Xiao,Siliang Liu,Yang Lu,Huan Zhang,Zongliang Zhang,Fangyang Liu
The existing lithium extraction technologies from salt lakes are confronted with a number of challenges, including limited applicability to brines with elevated Mg/Li ratios and low overall lithium recovery rates. Therefore, it is crucial to develop direct lithium extraction technologies tailored to pristine brines. The core challenge in lithium extraction lies in the effective separation of magnesium and lithium. However, conventional methods struggle to efficiently separate Mg 2+ and Li + in a single-stage process. Lithium superionic conductors, such as Li 1.3 Al 0.3 Ti 1.7 (PO 4 ) 3 (LATP), are capable of exploiting their internal lithium ion vacancies to enhance the kinetic transport disparity between Mg 2+ and Li + , thus enabling efficient separation. By employing a high-temperature diffusion technique to introduce Ag + into the interstitial sites of the LATP lattice, the local positive charge density around Ag + is increased. This raises the migration barrier for Mg 2+ within the LATP, significantly improving the Li–Mg separation performance, with a notable long-term separation coefficient exceeding 25 000. Using 2% Ag-doped LATP, battery-grade Li 2 CO 3 with a purity of 99.7% can be produced directly from pristine salt lake brine with a Mg/Li ratio of 500 through a single-stage separation process.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源技术
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Energy Chemistry
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2024
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IF 14
Yameng Wang,Zi-Yu Liu,Yubei Su,Yu Liu,Aoqun Liu,Xiaoye Zhang,Yugang Huang,Liyun Zhang,Haisheng Chen,Wancheng Zhu
In light of the burgeoning energy technology sector and the ever-growing demand for lithium across diverse industrial domains, conventional lithium extraction methods have been proven inadequate due to their limited production capacity and high operational costs. This work introduces a novel approach to the manganese-titanium based composite HMTO (Mn:Ti=1:4) lithium ion-sieve (LIS) nanospheres, employing lithium acetate dihydrate, manganese carbonate and titanium dioxide P25 as the primary materials. These nanospheres exhibit relatively uniform spherical morphology, narrow size distribution, small average particle size ( ca. 55 nm), large specific surface area (43.58 m 2 g −1 ) and high surface O 2− content (59.01%). When utilized as the adsorbents for Li + ions, the HMTO (Mn:Ti=1:4) LIS demonstrates a fast adsorption rate, approaching equilibrium within 6.0 h with an equilibrium adsorption capacity ( q e ) of 79.5 mg g −1 and a maximum adsorption capacity ( q m ) of 87.26 mg g −1 (initial concentration C 0 : 1.8 g L −1 ). In addition, the HMTO (Mn:Ti=1:4) also delivers a high lithium extraction from the simulated high magnesium-lithium molar ratio salt lake brine (Mg:Li=103), achieving a q e of 33.85 mg g −1 along with a remarkable selectivity ( α Mg Li = 2192.76 ). Particularly, the HMTO (Mn:Ti=1:4) LIS showcases a satisfactory recycling adsorption performance. The adsorption capacity remains at a high level, even that determined after the 5 th cycle (55.45 mg g −1 ) surpasses that of the most recently reported adsorbents. Ultimately, the fantastic synergistic lithium adsorption mechanism is deliberately uncovered by leveraging the ion exchange principles and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源技术
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化学工程
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纳米技术
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环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2025
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IF 13.2
Qiyue Fan,Jie Lin,Yue Sun,Xiangting Hu,Hang Yu,Zhenda Lu
Lithium manganese oxide (LMO) ion sieves are promising for lithium extraction due to their high adsorption capacity. However, their practical application is often limited by structural degradation from manganese leakage, reduced lithium uptake, and poor Li + /Mg 2+ selectivity, especially in brines with high Mg/Li ratios. To overcome these challenges, we in-situ synthesized polyamide (PA) nanofiltration membranes on the surface of LMO using two distinct amine monomers, polyethyleneimine (PEI) and piperazine (PIP), to create novel composite adsorbents LMO@PA(PEI) and LMO@PA(PIP). Both the coated materials demonstrated improved lithium uptake capacity and cyclic stability in adsorption-desorption cycles in simulated brine. More importantly, under a challenging Li/Mg ratio of 1:50 in binary ion solutions, the separation factors (α) of HMO@PA(PEI) and HMO@PA(PIP) were 2.23 and 4.55 times higher than that of uncoated HMO, showcasing excellent Li + /Mg 2+ selectivity. These findings highlight that polyamide nanofiltration layers successfully endow LMO with enhanced capacity, selectivity, and long-term stability, presenting a promising and scalable approach for direct lithium extraction from high‑magnesium salt lakes.
研究领域:
材料科学
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分离技术
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能源材料
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环境工程
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无机化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
DESALINATION
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2025
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IF 9.8
Qibiao Chen,Chao Qian,Shaodong Zhou
Global demand for lithium necessitates efficient extraction technologies, especially from low-quality brines with high magnesium-to‑lithium (Mg/Li) ratios, where conventional methods falter. This study presents a novel, quantum chemistry-guided methodology for the rational design of solvent extraction systems to address this challenge. By evaluating lithium binding affinities, triisopropylphenyl phosphate (TiPPP) was identified as a superior extractant. When formulated into an TiPPP-FeCl 3 system, it demonstrated exceptional performance under optimized conditions (90 % vol extractant, Fe/Li molar ratio of 1.2, O/A ratio of 1). In a single stage, the system achieved a lithium extraction efficiency of 92.8 %, corresponding to a remarkable Li/Mg separation factor of 1699. After scrubbing and stripping, the Mg/Li mass ratio in the final product was reduced to 0.0199, a 4156-fold decrease from the initial brine (82.7), outperforming the conventional tributyl phosphate (TBP)-FeCl 3 system. A combination of DFT calculations and spectroscopic analyses (Infrared spectroscopy, Ultraviolet spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry) confirmed that the high selectivity is governed by both the electronic environment of the phosphoryl (P=O) group and the steric hindrance effects. This study not only presents a high-performance system for direct lithium extraction but also establishes a rational design paradigm for developing advanced extractants for challenging separation tasks.
研究领域:
无机化学
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分离科学
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资源加工工程
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环境化学
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材料化学
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计算化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Surfaces and Interfaces
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2025
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IF 6.3
Guoke Zhao,Jie Sun,Gongqing Tang,Yang Zhang,Guoyuan Pan,Yiqun Liu
To address the critical challenge of lithium extraction from high Mg 2+ /Li + ratio brines, this study develops a high-performance separation membrane through synergistic regulation of binary and ternary acyl chloride monomers combined with a bis-quaternary ammonium salt surface modification strategy. Optimizing the ratio of terephthaloyl chloride (TPC) to trimesoyl chloride (TMC) facilitates the formation of a periodic stripe Turing structure on the piperazine-based polyamide membrane's surface, markedly increasing the effective permeation area and water flux. The study reveals that adjusting the TPC ratio finely tunes the polyamide network's crosslinking density, thereby affecting the size exclusion effect. Additionally, TPC incorporation, by diminishing surface carboxyl density, enhances the membrane's surface positive charge, significantly improving its Li + permeability and Mg 2+ rejection capabilities. The optimized TPC-20 membrane demonstrates exceptional ion selectivity, achieving a MgCl 2 rejection of 91.3 %, a LiCl rejection of 11.3 %, and a water flux of 61 LMH. Further enhancement via amino-terminated bis-quaternary ammonium salt (ATBAS) grafting achieves 98.7 % Mg 2+ rejection, a record Li + negative rejection of -37.3 %, and a Mg 2+ /Li + selectivity of 105.1. Extended testing for 120 h verifies the membrane's reliable performance, highlighting its potential for industrial application. This research provides an efficient and energy-saving membrane separation solution for lithium extraction from brines.
研究领域:
膜科学
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材料工程
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分离技术
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化学工程
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环境科学
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纳米技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）