ENERGY & FUELS
·
2024
·
IF 5.2
Haixuan Gao,Chuanhe Ma,Jinhui Zhang,Jinchun Jiang,Ye Chen,Lin Sun,Hailong Wang
In the prior art of CZTSSe solar cells, the traditional cadmium salt (Cd-salt) CdSO4 is widely considered as a common raw material for preparing CdS buffer layers. However, in this study, we systematically demonstrated the phase structure and transmission spectra improvement effect of the other three types of Cd-salts, Cd(NO3)2, CdCl2, and CdAc2, on the CZTSSe/CdS heterojunction (HJT) compared to CdSO4. CZTSSe/CdS HJT prepared by Cd(NO3)2 showed the strongest CdS phonon characteristic peaks at 295.9 and 597.6 cm–1, indicating a pure crystal phase. The transmittance of CdS films prepared by Cd(NO3)2 is 20–35% higher than the other three Cd-salts in the light range of 350–1000 nm, which effectively improved the band gap of the films (2.41 eV) and depressed the photon absorption and scattering. Accordingly, CZTSSe solar cells based on the aforementioned Cd-salts showed that Cd(NO3)2 possessed the best ability to improve the photovoltaic conversion efficiency (PCE), about 5.7% more than the traditional CdSO4 salt. After Sn2+ replaced by Sn4+ in the precursor solution, the PCE of CZTSSe solar cells using Cd(NO3)2 exceeded 10% (Total area = 0.21 cm2, PCE = 10.23%, VOC = 0.485 V, JSC = 31.4 mA/cm2, FF = 67.1%, without MgF2 antireflective layer).
研究领域:
材料科学
·
光伏技术
·
可再生能源
·
半导体物理
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Heliyon
·
2023
·
IF 4
Huazhang Feng,Tingting Xu,Yuanmin Zhu,Yanping Chen,Jingyun Su,Enna Ha,Ran Jia,Kan Zhang,Lei Ma,Luyang Wang
Cadmium-based semiconductors have a wide range of applications in light-emitting, energy conversion, photodetection and artificial photosynthesis. With the concern about the potential toxicity of Cd, it is necessary to recycle the element from the Cd based semiconductors. Commonly, the precipitation of Cd cations with S 2− is deemed as the end point of recycling. However, actually, CdS is easy to be oxidized and released into the environment and accumulate in the food chain. It still remains challenges on how to refine the Cd element and convert it to the raw material. Herein, we demonstrate a facile room temperature method for recycling Cd from CdS. Cd can be produced from CdS within 3 h with the help of the lithium-ethylenediamine solution. DFT calculations further confirm that the high surface energy of (100) and (101) planes are selectively attacked by the solvated electrons in the solution, which is in good accordance with the XRD, STEM-HAADF and XPS characterizations. With a total recovery efficiency of 88%, Cd is successfully recovered from the CdS powder. This method provides a new perspective on the treatment of Cd-based semiconductor waste, which is of great significance for the recycling of cadmium metal.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOM
·
2022
·Vol. 74
·期 2
·644-653
·
IF 2.597
Liu Shufen,Yang Shenghai,Wang Shuyue,Luo Tao,Chen Yongming
A novel ZPER process is proposed for Cd separation from Zn-Cd-bearing dust, where Cd was separated thoroughly from acidic leachate of the dust by zinc plate replacement with the assistance of a microcurrent, and a new reaction surface of the Zn plate could be exposed by electrodissolution, which allowed the replacement reaction to proceed continuously. First, the effects of anode current density, initial pH, and reaction temperature were investigated in detail for Zn-Cd sulfate mixed synthesis solution. Under optimum conditions, the removal ratio and residual concentration of Cd were more than 99.99%, and only 0.34 mg/L and 97.59% Cd was replaced into the anode Cd sponge, which consisted of rod-shaped and branch-like particles. The purity of the Cd sponge and the replacement mole ratio of Cd generation and Zn consumption (RMR-Zn-Cd) were 97.87% and only 1.05, respectively. Finally, similar results were obtained from a sulfuric acid leaching solution of Cd-Zn-bearing dust. The new process has the advantages of deep cadmium removal, low zinc consumption, and low production cost.
研究领域:
冶金工程
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环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
PLANT CELL AND ENVIRONMENT
·
2023
·Vol. 46
·期 5
·1653-1670
·
IF 7.3
Cheng Zhang,Chenchen Tong,Lei Cao,Pengpeng Zheng,Xiaofeng Tang,Lihuan Wang,Min Miao,Yongsheng Liu,Shuqing Cao
Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most dangerous environmental pollutants among heavy metals, and threatens food safety and human health by accumulating in plant sink tissues. Here, we report a novel regulatory cascade that profoundly influences Cd tolerance in Arabidopsis. Phenotypic analysis showed that an insertional knockdown mutation at the Arabidopsis Tóxicos en Levadura 31 ( ATL31 ) locus resulted in hypersensitivity to Cd stress, most likely due to a significant increase in Cd accumulation. Consistently, ATL31 -overexpressing lines exhibited enhanced Cd stress tolerance and reduced Cd accumulation. Further, IRON-REGULATED TRANSPORTER 1 (IRT1) was identified, and yeast two-hybrid, co-immunoprecipitation and bimolecular fluorescence complementation assays demonstrated its interaction with ATL31. Biochemical, molecular, and genetic analyses showed that IRT1 is targeted by ATL31 for ubiquitin-conjugated degradation in response to Cd stress. Intriguingly, transcription of ATL31 was strongly induced by Cd stress. In addition, transgenic and molecular analyses showed that WRKY33 directly activated the transcription of ATL31 in response to Cd stress and positively regulated Cd tolerance. Genetic analysis indicated that ATL31 acts upstream of IRT1 and downstream of WRKY33 to regulate Cd tolerance. Our study revealed that the WRKY33-ATL31-IRT1 module plays a crucial role in timely blocking Cd absorption to prevent metal toxicity in Arabidopsis.
研究领域:
植物生物学
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分子遗传学
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环境毒理学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
GENE
·
2022
·
IF 3.913
Zongfang Li,Min Li,Guoqiang Xiao,Shuangshuang Teng
Exposure to cadmium (Cd), a heavy metal, can cause strong and toxic side effects. Cd can enter the body of organisms in several ways, leading to various pathological reactions in the body. Tegillarca granosa is a kind of bivalve shellfish favored by people in the coastal areas of China. Bivalve shellfish can easily absorb heavy metal pollutants from water bodies while filter feeding. T. granosa is considered a hyper-accumulator of Cd, and the TgABCA3 gene is highly expressed in individuals with a high content of Cd-exposed blood clam. However, it is unclear whether TgABCA3 is involved in Cd ion transport in blood clam and the molecular mechanism for the mechanism of the Cd-induced responses for maintaining cell homeostasis. In this study, the complete cDNA of the TgABCA3 gene was analyzed to provide insights into the roles of TgABCA3 in resistance against Cd in blood clam. The complete sequence of TgABCA3 showed high identity to that of TgABCA3 from other bivalves and contained some classical motifs of ATP-binding cassette transport proteins. TgABCA3 expression in different tissues was measured using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blot analysis. The tissue-specific expression showed that TgABCA3 expression was highest in the gill tissue. The TgABCA3 expression in the gill tissue was silenced using the RNA interference technique. After TgABCA3 silencing, the TgABCA3 expression decreased, the Cd content increased, the oxygen consumption and ammonia excretion rates increased, and the ingestion rate decreased. These results showing that the extents of Cd accumulation and resulting toxic effects are related to expression levels and activity of TgABCA3 indicate that TgABCA3 has a protective function against Cd in the clam. This increase in Cd accumulation results in serious damage to the body, leading to the enhancement of its physiological metabolism. Therefore, the findings of the study demonstrated that TgABCA3 can participate in the transport of Cd ions in the blood clam through active transport and play a vital role in Cd detoxification.
研究领域:
海洋生物学
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分子遗传学
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环境毒理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2021
·
IF 5.279
Hua Yang,Zhiting Xiong,Zhongrui Xu,Rongxiang Liu
Lanthanum (La), calcium (Ca), and cadmium (Cd) have similar physical and chemical properties because of their similar ionic radius. Although the interactions between La, Ca, and Cd have been frequently reported in plants, few studies have investigated the interactive effects of La and Ca on the growth and Cd accumulation in plants. Therefore, we investigated the interactive effects of La and Ca on the growth and Cd accumulation in wheat under Cd exposure by a hydroponic experiment. The results indicated that wheat growth was significantly affected by La–Cd and La–Ca interactions. The accumulation of Cd in wheat was significantly affected by La–Ca and La–Cd interactions and La–Ca–Cd interplay. Correlation analysis indicated that Ca deficiency stimulated La to promote wheat growth and mitigate Cd toxicity. Simultaneously, a low Ca supply stimulated La to decrease Cd accumulation in wheat and induce TaNramp5 expression. In addition, Cd accumulation in wheat was significantly affected by the W7–La interaction and W7–La–Ca interplay. All of the results suggested that La, Ca, and Cd probably share the same binding sites in calmodulin (TaCaM) and La could affect Cd accumulation in wheat by interacting with TaCaM and then downregulating the expression of TaNramp5.
研究领域:
植物生理学
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环境毒理学
·
分子生物学
·
农学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
·
2018
·
IF 3.974
Zhiyue Liao,Huabin Cao,Xueyan Dai,Chenghong Xing,Xiongwei Xu,Gaohui Nie,Caiying Zhang
To investigate the toxic effects of Molybdenum (Mo) and Cadmium (Cd) on trace elements in digestive organs of Shaoxing duck ( Anas platyrhyncha ), 120 Shaoxing ducks were randomly divided into control group and 5 treatment groups which were treated with a commercial diet containing different dosages of Mo and Cd. On the 60th and 120th days, the beak, esophagus, glandular stomach, muscular stomach, small intestine, large intestine and feces were collected to determine contents of Mo, Cd, copper (Cu), iron (Fe), zinc (Zn) and selenium (Se), then correlation analysis was performed. The results showed that Cd content in digestive organs significantly increased in co-treated groups compared to single treated groups and Mo concentration increased in Mo-treated groups compared to control group, whereas Cu, Fe, Zn and Se concentrations in digestive organs decreased in co-treated groups. Furthermore, Cd and Mo were mainly accumulated in the small intestine and esophagus, respectively. There was a strongly positive correlation between Cd and Mo while they had negative correlation with Cu, Fe, Zn and Se, respectively. In feces, Mo and Fe contents in high dose of Mo group and high Mo combined with Cd group were significantly higher than those in control group, and Cu content in all treated groups significantly increased and Cd, Zn and Se concentrations had no difference. The results indicated that dietary Mo or/and Cd might disturb homeostasis of trace elements in digestive organs of Shaoxing duck. Moreover, the two elements presented a synergistic relationship.
研究领域:
动物生理学
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环境毒理学
·
营养学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMICAL SPECIATION AND BIOAVAILABILITY
·
2018
·
IF 1.362
Bingyi Xie,Yanji Jiang,Zhe Zhang,Gang Cao,Huimin Sun,Nong Wang,Shengsen Wang
The transport of Pb(II) or Cd(II) in subsurface has been studied in the literature; however; their co-transport in porous media in presence of colloids has not been clearly understood. In this work, a series of column experiments were conducted to study Pb(II) and Cd(II) co-transport in saturated porous media under various experimental conditions with different combination of colloidal solution (montmorillonite colloid, manual loessial soil colloid and humic acid), flow rate (0.1, 0.5 and 1.0 ml min−1) and sand grain size (0.4–0.8mm and 0.8–2.0mm). The results showed that increase of flow rate and grain size promoted the mobility of Pb(II) and Cd(II), furthermore, the presences of mobile colloids also enhanced the mobility of the two heavy metals, meanwhile, Cd(II) showed higher mobility than Pb(II) in the columns. Findings from this work enhanced current understanding of the competitive transport and colloid-facilitated transport of heavy metals in saturated porous media.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
土壤学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2022
·
IF 14.224
Liuyi Pan,Jiayi Wu,Rui Wang,Yuyao Zhang,Baoliang Chen,Xiaoying Zhu
Manganese oxides as common soil components were considered as an important sink for the cadmium pollution, which, however, would be affected by the reductive sulfide introduced during the flooding period of paddy soil . In this study, the phase transitions caused by the reactions among S 2- , MnO 2 and Cd 2+ were visualized by atomic force microscopy (AFM). The dissolution of MnO 2 was in-situ studied by AFM in the S 2- containing environments. Moreover, in the ternary system (S 2- , MnO 2 and Cd 2+ ), the pre-adsorption of Cd 2+ by the MnO 2 nanosheets would promote the subsequent precipitation of CdS on the surface of MnO 2 , while the pre-formed CdS nanoparticles in the aquatic phase would tend to suspense rather than precipitating on MnO 2 . The kinetic study results indicated that the CdS crystallite generation rate was faster than the MnO 2 dissolution rate in the aquatic environments with different sulfide contents. In the macroscopic Cd 2+ fixation test, the introduction of S 2- dramatically improved the fixation of the pre-adsorbed Cd 2+ on the MnO 2 nanosheets by forming the CdS precipitate. This study provided a fundamental understanding of the interactions among the S 2- , MnO 2 and Cd 2+ ternary system and shed light on the development of Cd pollution remediation methods for paddy soils.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
土壤化学
·
地球化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Animal
·
2020
·Vol. 14
·期 7
·1382-1391
·
IF 2.4
H. J. Ni,F. F. Liu,X. Liang,Y.L. Yin,G. Liu
Cadmium (Cd) is a toxic heavy metal that poses a threat to the health of humans and animals. It can cause serious damage to the small intestine, which is the main absorption site of Cd and the primary target organ after oral administration. Our previous study found that zinc chelate of hydroxy analogue of methionine (Zn-HMTB), a new type of feed additive, decreased Cd accumulation in the liver and kidneys. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Zn-HMTB on Cd absorption and Cd-induced toxicity in the small intestine of piglets. Twenty-four piglets (Landrace × Large White, 13.22 ± 0.58 kg BW) were randomly divided into four dietary treatment groups: basal diet, and diets containing 30 mg/kg Cd from CdCl2 and 0, 100 or 200 mg/kg Zn from Zn-HMTB. The experiment lasted 27 days. The feed intake and final BW of each piglet were recorded at the end of the experiment. Gastrointestinal (GI) tract tissue and samples of liver, kidney, spleen, heart, lung and longissimus muscle tissue and faeces were collected. The concentrations of Cd and metal trace elements in the GI tract and organs were analysed, as was the relative messenger RNA (mRNA) expression of inflammatory cytokines and metal element transporters in the small intestine, and epithelial apoptosis in the small intestine. The results showed that, compared with Cd-treated piglets, piglets in the Zn-HMTB and Cd cotreatment groups had less Cd deposition in the stomach, ileum, caecum, colon, liver, kidneys, spleen, lungs, heart and muscles (P < 0.05), and lower Cd concentrations in faeces (P < 0.05), suggesting that Zn-HMTB increased Cd absorption and the excretion of Cd in other forms (possibly urine). Zinc chelate of hydroxy analogue of methionine increased Zn deposition in the jejunum and the relative mRNA expression of divalent metal transporters 1 and zinc transporter 5 in the duodenum (P < 0.05), indicating that Zn-HMTB may promote the absorption and transportation of Cd and Zn together by upregulating metal element transporters. Competition between Zn and Cd may be responsible for accelerating Cd excretion. Furthermore, Zn-HMTB reduced Cd-induced apoptosis of enterocytes and inflammatory stimuli in the small intestine, suggesting that Zn-HMTB reduced Cd-induced toxicity to the small intestine. These results suggest that Zn-HMTB can be helpful in decreasing Cd accumulation in the GI tract and organs of piglets and relieving Cd-induced toxicity to the small intestine but cannot reduce the absorption of Cd.
研究领域:
动物营养学
·
毒理学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2020
·
IF 5.778
Longda Gong,Jingwen Wang,Touqeer Abbas,Qichun Zhang,Mei Cai,Muhammad Tahir,Dan Wu,Hongjie Di
Cadmium (Cd) pollution is a widespread environmental problem that decreases crop production, destroys the microbial ecology of soil, and poses a severe risk to human health. Organo-chemical amendment is a cost-effective, eco-friendly, and community-acceptable widely applied an in situ technique for metal-contaminated farmland. In this study, we mixed lime, zeolite, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer, and biochar in a mixture ratio of 71:23:5:1 to form a mixed amendment. Field and laboratory experiments were conducted to study the effects of the mixed amendment on soil exchangeable Cd content, plant Cd accumulation, and soil microbial community . It was found that the application of 0.5% mixed amendment decreased exchangeable soil Cd by more than 85% and 64% in wheat and rice season, respectively, compared with control (CK), without increasing pH. Moreover, the application of 0.5% mixed amendment decreased Cd accumulation in grains by 22.9% and 41.2% in wheat and rice season, respectively, compared to CK. The result of phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) shows that the level of soil microbial diversity and species richness under mixed amendment treatments were higher than in lime treatment, indicating more copiotrophic conditions and faster rate of nutrient turnover in mixed amendment than pure lime treatment. Hence, it concluded that the mixed amendment has a strong effect on fixing exchangeable soil Cd and reducing the accumulation of Cd in crops. Finally, it was observed that the mixed amendment improved the soil microbial community structure and accelerate the rate of nutrient turnover by microbes under this favorable condition comparative to individual treatments.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
土壤学
·
微生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Inorganic and Organometallic Polymers and Materials
·
2024
·
IF 3.9
Xu Mengxia,Wu Rao,Wang Shengqian,Xu Hualan,Zhong Shengliang
The preparation of coordination polymers with good room temperature phosphorescence is the focus of current research. In this paper, zinc and cadmium were used as metal ions and 2,3-pyridinedicarboxylic acid (H 2 L = 2,3-pyridinedicarboxylic acid) was used as organic ligands to successfully synthesize Cd (II) homometallic [CdL]·H 2 O and Zn(II)Cd(II) heterometallic [ZnCdL 2 ]·DMF·5H 2 O coordination polymers microstructures. In addition, morphology, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), infrared spectroscopy (IR), elemental analyses, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and their luminescence properties were studied. Cd-CP is a micron-sized spherical structure, while Zn/Cd-CP is a flower-like structure formed by the accumulation of sheets. The results show that Cd(II) homo- and Zn(II)Cd(II) heterometallic coordination polymers have quantum yields of 10.05% and 8.54%, respectively. It is worth noting that the lifetime of Cd-CP is 124.62 ms, while the lifetime of Zn/Cd-CP is significantly extended to 363.09 ms after doping with metal ion Zn 2+ . The phosphorescent lifetime of coordination polymers was improved by the heterometallic doping strategy, which provided a new idea and method for the preparation of coordination polymers with long-lived room temperature phosphorescent properties. In addition, the two coordination polymers exhibited blue and cyan fluorescence at 365 nm UV light, respectively, and a green afterglow of about 2 s could be observed with the naked eye when the UV lamp was turned off.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
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