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Lithium hexamethyldisilazide as electrolyte additive for efficient cycling of high-voltage non-aqueous lithium metal batteries

Zhang Danfeng,Liu Ming,Ma Jiabin,Yang Ke,Chen Zhen,Li Kaikai,Zhang Chen,Wei Yinping,Zhou Min,Wang Peng,He Yuanbiao,Lv Wei,Yang Quan-Hong,Kang Feiyu,He Yan-Bing

High-voltage lithium metal batteries suffer from poor cycling stability caused by the detrimental effect on the cathode of the water moisture present in the non-aqueous liquid electrolyte solution, especially at high operating temperatures (e.g., ≥60 °C). To circumvent this issue, here we report lithium hexamethyldisilazide (LiHMDS) as an electrolyte additive. We demonstrate that the addition of a 0.6 wt% of LiHMDS in a typical fluorine-containing carbonate-based non-aqueous electrolyte solution enables a stable Li||LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 (NCM811) coin cell operation up to 1000 or 500 cycles applying a high cut-off cell voltage of 4.5 V in the 25 °C−60 °C temperature range. The LiHMDS acts as a scavenger for hydrofluoric acid and water and facilitates the formation of an (electro)chemical robust cathode|electrolyte interphase (CEI). The LiHMDS-derived CEI prevents the Ni dissolution of NCM811, mitigates the irreversible phase transformation from layered structure to rock-salt phase and suppresses the side reactions with the electrolyte solution.