FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 8.8
Yan Shi,Wei Xu,Dawei Ni,Wenli Zhang,Cuie Guang,Wanmeng Mu
Deoxynivalenol (DON) poses a significant threat to human health due to its widespread distribution and biological toxicity. Here, we identified a novel DON-degrading enzyme from Youhaiella tibetensis ( Yo DDH). Yo DDH exhibited the highest activity against DON at pH 4.5 and 40 ℃, in the presence of Ca 2+ and the pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ). Additionally, Yo DDH displayed remarkable thermostability at 40 ℃, with a half-life of 24 h and a T m value of 48.5 ℃. Notably, phenazine methosulfate (PMS) and 2,6-dichlorophenolindophenol (DCPIP) can also serve as electron acceptors for Yo DDH. After incubation in the optimal conditions for 3 h, Yo DDH degraded 73 % of DON (100 μM) finally. The k cat and k cat / K m of Yo DDH towards DON was determined as 1.65 s −1 and 1526 M −1 ·s −1 in the presence of PMS. The 3-keto-DON was verified as the degradation product. This identified Yo DDH presents a promising candidate for DON decontamination in the food and feed industry.
研究领域:
食品安全
·
微生物学
·
酶学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Frontiers in Microbiology
·
2024
·
IF 4
Li Qian,Wang Chong,Xiao Hongying
Fusarium graminearum (F. graminearum) is a severe pathogen threatening the safety of agriculture and food. This study aimed to explore the antifungal efficacies of several plant-derived natural compounds (vanillin and its derivatives) against the growth of F. graminearum and investigate the antifungal mechanism of 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzaldehyde (HMB), the strongest one. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of HMB in inhibiting mycelial growth was 200 μg/mL. HMB at MIC damaged cell membranes by increasing the permeability by about 6-fold (p < 0.05) as evidenced by propidium iodide (PI) staining. Meanwhile, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and glycerol was increased by 45.91 and 576.19% by HMB treatment at MIC, respectively, indicating that lipid oxidation and osmotic stress occurred in the cell membrane. Furthermore, HMB exerted a strong antitoxigenic role as the content of deoxynivalenol (DON) was remarkably reduced by 93.59% at MIC on 7th day. At last, the antifungal effect of HMB against F. graminearum was also confirmed on wheat grains. These results not only revealed the antifungal mechanism of HMB but also suggested that HMB could be applied as a promising antifungal agent in the preservation of agricultural products.
研究领域:
植物科学
·
食品安全
·
微生物学
·
农业化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Plant Stress
·
2025
·
IF 6.9
Xiaoqing Wang,Zhuoying Ding,Yu Gao,Huapeng Sun,Muhammad Mubashar Zafar,Xuefei Jiang,Fei Qiao,Muhammad Shahzaib
Watermelon ( Citrullus lanatus ), a key global crop in the Cucurbitaceae family, is significantly impacted by wilt disease caused by Fusarium oxysporum . This study used suspension-cultured watermelon cells to examine the physiological and molecular effects of fusaric acid (FA), a major phytotoxin produced by the pathogen, at final concentrations of 0, 50, 100, 200, and 300 μM. The 100 μM FA treatment, used for most assays, reduced fresh cell weight by ∼52 %, decreased packed cell volume by ∼70 %, and more than doubled malondialdehyde (MDA) content, indicating severe lipid peroxidation. Antioxidant enzyme activities showed differential responses: superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity declined significantly at both 2 h and 24 h, peroxidase (POD) remained largely unchanged, and catalase (CAT) showed no significant variation. FA exposure also caused a progressive increase in extracellular pH and conductivity, reflecting loss of membrane integrity. Pretreatment with exogenous plant hormones (IAA, MeJA, ABA, SA; 100 μM each for 12 h) mitigated several FA-induced effects, with SA showing the greatest recovery in fresh weight and most pronounced reduction of POD activity. Transcriptome profiling revealed thousands of FA-responsive genes within 2–24 h, and inhibition of DNA methylation with 5-azacytidine altered the expression of multiple hormone-related genes. These results demonstrate that FA rapidly impairs growth, membrane stability, and antioxidant defense in watermelon cells, and that targeted hormonal and epigenetic interventions can partially counteract these effects. The findings provide a mechanistic basis for developing priming strategies to enhance watermelon resistance to Fusarium wilt.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
分子生物学
·
植物生理学
·
生物化学
·
基因组学
·
表观遗传学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Bin Ma,Jiafeng Niu,Hao Zhu,Huibing Chi,Zhaoxin Lu,Fengxia Lu,Ping Zhu
The oxidative reaction of Fusarium mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) using the dehydrogenase is a desirable strategy and environmentally friendly to mitigate its toxicity. However, a critical issue for these dehydrogenases shows widespread substrate promiscuity. In this study, we conducted pocket reshaping of Devosia strain A6-243 pyrroloquinoline quinone (PQQ)-dependent dehydrogenase (DADH) on the basis of protein structure and kinetic analysis of substrate libraries to improve preference for particular substrate DON (10a). The variant presented an increased preference for substrate 10a and enhanced catalytic efficiency. A 4.7-fold increase in preference for substrate 10a was observed. Kinetic profiling and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations provided insights into the enhanced substrate specificity and activity. Moreover, the variant exhibited stronger conversion of substrate 10a to 3-keto-DON compared to the wild DADH. Overall, this study provides a feasible protocol for the redesign of PQQ-dependent dehydrogenases with favourable substrate specificity and catalytic activity, which is desperately needed for DON antidote development.
研究领域:
生物技术
·
酶学
·
毒理学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2025
·
IF 6.2
Jing Zhou,Rourou Wang,Ming Niu,Zhenghua Zhang,Minrui Zhu,Lumei Pu,Weibing Xu,Runtian Ma
The infection caused by Fusarium oxysporum severely threatens cotton production. Herein, carvacrol-chitosan nanoparticles (CS@CAR) are facilely fabricated using tripolyphosphate as a crosslinker. When the initial mass ratio of chitosan to carvacrol is 1:0.4, the nanoparticles show the best stability and drug loading. Morphological analysis reveals that the CS@CAR nanoparticles possesses a uniform spherical structure with an average diameter of approximately 150 nm. About 51.23 % of total CAR is released within the 48 h in the simulated fungal infection environment. The contact angle of drug-loaded particles decreases by 12.2 and 6.6 ° compares with that of pure water and unloaded particles. The fluorescence intensity of leaves before and after rain erosion is 1.3 times and 1.2 times that of the pure water control group by fluorescence imaging analysis. The bacteriostatic activity of drug-loaded nanoparticles is 6–7 times that of non-drug-loaded nanoparticles. The contents of nucleic acid, protein, and malondialdehyde leaked by spores after treatment with drug-loaded particles are 1.4, 1.5 and 2.3 times those in the non-drug-loaded particle treatment group, respectively. The CS@CAR entirely prevents Fusarium oxysporum from infecting cotton leaves in spore inoculation experiments. The CS@CAR nanoparticles are expected to be used to prevent and control the infection of Fusarium oxysporum on cotton.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
纳米生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2023
·
IF 5.9
Dicheng Ma,Tao Zhang,Guoxian Wang,Chong Cao,Wei Mu,Beixing Li,Daolong Dou,Feng Liu
Trans -2-hexenal (T2H) shows satisfactory antagonistic activity against Fusarium graminearum , but its strong volatility and poor water solubility limit its further application in Fusarium head blight (FHB) control. In this study, T2H-loaded polyurea microcapsules (PU MCs) with different particle sizes were successfully prepared by an interfacial polymerization method, and the effect of MC encapsulation on the physical property limitations and bioactivity of T2H was evaluated. After being encapsulated, lipophilic T2H could be stably dispersed in water. MC encapsulation reduced the fumigation toxicity of T2H but increased its contact toxicity. The smaller the particle size was, the higher the toxicity of PU MCs to F. graminearum was. After 6 d of application, the inhibition rate of T2H against F. graminearum decreased by 77.26%, while that of T2H-loaded PU MCs with small particle sizes (T2H-loaded PU MCs-S) decreased by 54.29%, indicating that MC encapsulation prolonged the inhibition time of T2H. The results of the inoculation assay showed that MC encapsulation improved the inhibitory effect of T2H on F. graminearum infection and DON production in stored wheat kernels. Furthermore, seed soaking with T2H-loaded PU MCs-S reduced the pathogenic fungal load of wheat seeds and had no significant effect on seed germination. In conclusion, T2H encapsulated in MCs can be developed as a plant protection product for postharvest and presowing treatment of wheat.
研究领域:
植物保护
·
真菌学
·
农药科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2013
·
IF 2.906
Dan Wan,Lingli Huang,Yuanhu Pan,Qinghua Wu,Dongmei Chen,Yanfei Tao,Xu Wang,Zhenli Liu,Juan Li,Liye Wang,Zonghui Yuan
Dispositions of deoxynivalenol (DON) in rats and chickens were investigated, using a radiotracer method coupled with a novel γ-accurate radioisotope counting (γ-ARC) radio-high-performance liquid chromatography ion trap time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (radio-HPLC-IT-TOF-MS/MS) system. 3β-3H-DON was chemically synthesized and orally administrated to both sexes of rats and chickens as single or multiple doses. The results showed that DON was widely distributed and quickly eliminated in all tissues. The highest concentration was found in the gastrointestinal tract at 6 h post-administration. Substantially lower levels were detected in the kidney, liver, heart, lung, spleen, and brain. Three new metabolites were identified tentatively as 10-deoxynivalenol-sulfonate, 10-deepoxy-deoxynivalenol (DOM-1)-sulfonate, and deoxynivalenol-3α-sulfate. Deoxynivalenol-3α-sulfate was a major metabolite in chickens, while the major forms in rats were DOM-1 and DON. Additionally, a higher excretion rate in urine was observed in female rats than in male rats. The differences in metabolite profiles and excretion rates, which suggested diverse ways to detoxify, may relate to the different tolerances in different genders or species.
研究领域:
毒理学
·
分析化学
·
食品科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHINESE SCIENCE BULLETIN
·
2013
·Vol. 58
·期 26
·3266-3273
·
IF 1.319
Wu Qiong,Bai LinQuan,Liu WeiCheng,Li YingYing,Lu CaiGe,Li YaQian,Lin ZhenYa,Wang Meng,Xue ChunSheng,Chen Jie
Streptomyces lydicus A01 resists many plant pathogens (including Fusarium spp.) by producing the antifungal agent natamycin, which binds to the ergosterol of fungal cell membranes and inhibits the growth of pathogens. Trichoderma harzianum CECT2413 is a widely-distributed soil fungus that antagonizes several plant fungal pathogens (including Fusarium spp.) by producing chitinase and degrading chitin, a major component of the fungal cell wall. This study attempted to enhance the biocontrol effect of S. lydicus A01 on Fusarium spp. by transforming the chitinase gene of Trichoderma . Chitinase and natamycin could act synergistically on both the cell walls and cell membranes of pathogens. The 33-kD chitinase-encoding gene ( chit33 ) was cloned and conjugal-transformed from T. harzianum CECT2413 to S. lydicus A01, and then confirmed via polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Subsequent analyses using the 3,5-dinitrosalicylic acid (DNS) method and ultraviolet spectrophotometry showed that compared with its wild type strain (WT), the S. lydicus A01 conjugal transformant (CT) with chit33 gene exhibited substantially higher chitinase activity and natamycin production. The resistance of S. lydicus A01- chit33 CT and WT to four Fusaria in crops and vegetables was tested via the cup-plate method. Compared with the WT, the conjugal transformant of S. lydicus A01 with chit33 gene from T. harzianum CECT2413 showed greatly increased biocontrol effect on fusarium disease. This study would be beneficial to the development of high-quality antifungal bio-agents for agricultural applications via the synergy between the previously non-existent and pre-existing functions achieved through heterogeneous gene transformation.
研究领域:
微生物学
·
植物病理学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
mBio
·
2025
·
IF 4.7
Kaili Duan,Shaozhe Qin,Fangling Cui,Liangyuan Zhao,Yongqing Huang,Jin-Rong Xu,Guanghui Wang
Deoxynivalenol (DON), a mycotoxin primarily produced by Fusarium species, is commonly found in cereal grains and poses risks to human and animal health, as well as global grain trade. This study demonstrates that methyl jasmonate (MeJA), a natural plant hormone, inhibits the growth and conidiation of Fusarium graminearum. Importantly, MeJA significantly reduces DON production by suppressing TRI gene expression and toxisome formation. To explore the molecular mechanism, we identified MeJA-tolerant mutants, including a transcription factor MRT1 and cAMP-PKA pathway-related genes (FgGPA1 and FgSNT1). MeJA treatment reduced PKA activity and intracellular cAMP levels in F. graminearum, suggesting it targets the cAMP-PKA pathway. Notably, the MeJA-resistant mutant FgGPA1R178H enhanced fungal growth, DON production, and cAMP levels in the presence of MeJA. Exogenous cAMP alleviated MeJA’s inhibitory effects on DON production, further supporting this pathway’s involvement. Interestingly, MeJA had no effect on all three MAP kinase pathways (Mgv1, Gpmk1, and FgHog1). Truncated and phospho-mimicking mutations in Mrt1 or FgSnt1 conferred MeJA resistance, suggesting they may act downstream of the cAMP-PKA pathway. In conclusion, MeJA presents a promising approach to control F. graminearum growth and DON production.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
分子生物学
·
真菌学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Toxins
·
2018
·Vol. 11
·期 1
·6
·
IF 3.273
Ming Li,Mingna Sun,Xia Hong,Jinsheng Duan,Daolin Du
A total of 328 agricultural product samples highly suspected to be contaminated, from flour companies, feed companies, and livestock farms throughout China, were surveyed for deoxynivalenol (DON) contamination using a self-assembly enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit. An ELISA kit for DON was developed with a 4.9 ng mL−1limit of detection (LOD) in working buffer and a 200 ng g−1LOD in authentic samples. The DON contamination detection rate was 88.7%, concentrations ranged from 200.9 to 6480.6 ng g−1, and the highest DON contamination was found in distillers’ dried grains with solubles with an average of 3204.5 ng g−1. Wheat bran and wheat were found to be the most commonly contaminated samples, and the corn meal samples had the lowest average DON level. This ELISA kit is a powerful alternative method for the rapid, sensitive, specific, accurate, and high-throughput determination of DON and can meet the maximum requirement levels. This survey suggests that DON contamination in the Chinese market is serious, and the contamination risk deserves attention. Essential preventive measures should be implemented to ensure food safety and human health.Keywords:deoxynivalenol;contamination;survey;ELISA kit;agricultural productKey Contribution:A total of 328 agricultural product samples highly suspected to be contaminated were surveyed for deoxynivalenol using a self-assembly ELISA kit.
研究领域:
食品安全
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Food Science & Technology
·
2022
·
IF 0
Ming-Hang Yu,Yun-Qi Feng,Yue-Hong Pang,Cheng Yang,Xiao-Fang Shen
Deoxynivalenol (DON), one of the most common mycotoxins threatening food production and safety, is contaminating wheat and other cereals worldwide. Developing an effective method to degrade DON in cereals is favorable to protect human health and reduce economic losses. This work aimed to study electrochemical degradation of DON at different conditions in aqueous solution and wheat grains for guiding practical application. In aqueous solution, electrochemical reduction degraded 49.36 ± 0.81% of DON at −9.0 V after 60 min; electrochemical oxidation readily degraded 100% of DON within 20 min at 1.5 V and was applied in wheat grains, degrading 91.07 ± 1.83%. The structure of degradation products was identified through mass spectrometry. Furthermore, toxicity of the products was evaluated by ECOSAR software. LC50 and EC50 of all products were higher than 598 mg/L, and ChVs were higher than 111 mg/L, suggesting that all products are not harmful. Our developed electrochemical degradation method of DON in wheat grains does not add harmful chemicals and is environmentally friendly, which is potential to degrade DON in cereals.
研究领域:
食品安全
·
环境科学
·
毒理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
MOLECULES
·
2024
·Vol. 29
·期 9
·1996
·
IF 4.2
Yilin Zheng,Yuqi Geng,Wenlong Hou,Zhe Li,Caihong Cheng,Xiuping Wang,Yuedong Yang
The wheat scab caused byFusarium graminearum(F. graminearum) has seriously affected the yield and quality of wheat in China. In this study, gallic acid (GA), a natural polyphenol, was used to synthesize three azole-modified gallic acid derivatives (AGAs1–3). The antifungal activity of GA and its derivatives againstF. graminearumwas studied through mycelial growth rate experiments and field efficacy experiments. The results of the mycelial growth rate test showed that the EC50of AGAs–2 was 0.49 mg/mL, and that of AGAs–3 was 0.42 mg/mL. The biological activity of AGAs–3 onF. graminearumis significantly better than that of GA. The results of field efficacy tests showed that AGAs–2 and AGAs–3 significantly reduced the incidence rate and disease index of wheat scab, and the control effect reached 68.86% and 72.11%, respectively. In addition, preliminary investigation was performed on the possible interaction between AGAs–3 andF. graminearumusing density functional theory (DFT). These results indicate that compound AGAs–3, because of its characteristic of imidazolium salts, has potential for use as a green and environmentally friendly plant-derived antifungal agent for plant pathogenic fungi.
研究领域:
植物保护
·
分子生物学
·
农业科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）