SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2024
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IF 8.1
Xulong Chen,Wenping Hu
Resource scarcity and environmental degradation pose formidable challenges for the sustainable development of human society. Although enhancing resource utilization efficiency represents a viable solution to these challenges, many strategic resources still suffer from substantial waste and environmental pollution owing to their single utilization form and non-environmentally friendly technologies. In this study, by employing salt lake carnallite as a representative example, we proposed an eco-friendly closed-loop strategy that integrated various chemical processes to maximize resource utilization. This innovation enables successive recycling and utilization of the waste brine generated at each chemical stage, resulting in minimized resource wastage and maximized eco-environmental benefits. Compared with the conventional carnallite utilization method, our strategy enhanced the KCl yield from 55.48% to 89.25%, achieved nearly 100% utilization efficiency of Mg, and improved the Rb recovery efficiency from 0% to 81.28%. Consequently, the overall utilization efficiency of carnallite increased from 20.91% to 87.37%. Additionally, this approach offers the added benefit of significantly improving the overall utilization of mineral resources and substantially reducing the cost of large-scale sample preparation. This work helps to construct a more sustainable and cost-effective utilization system for various mineral and brine resources.
研究领域:
化学工程
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环境科学
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矿业工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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2025
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IF 7.3
Zhengping Ding,Jing Li,Yanqing Huang,Huahui Lin,Peng Wei,Jianbin Li,Xiangqun Zhuge,Zhenzhong Yang,Ke Qu,Yurong Ren
The burgeoning use of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) creates a growing challenge: spent battery management. Traditional hydrometallurgical recycling with coprecipitation generates massive Na2SO4 wastewater, posing a significant environmental burden. This work presents a novel, closed-loop recycling method for LIB cathode materials that merges electrolysis and hydrometallurgy. Using Na2SO4 electrolysis, we produced high-purity sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide solutions, which served as the key reagents for leaching and resynthesizing waste cathodes. Optimized leaching conditions ensure near-complete recovery of valuable metals. Li2CO3 and a precursor (Ni0.8Co0.1Mn0.1(OH)2) are subsequently precipitated and regenerated into a new LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 cathode material, which demonstrates excellent electrochemical performance. The spent Na2SO4 solution undergoes a simple treatment before re-electrolysis, achieving a closed-loop system with minimal waste generation and reduced reliance on external reagents. Moreover, the acid-leaching carbon residue is repurposed as a bifunctional carbon-based catalyst for hydrogen peroxide production. This innovative approach offers both economic and environmental benefits, paving the way for sustainable LIBs recycling and a circular economy for battery materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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电化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
GREEN CHEMISTRY
·
2021
·Vol. 23
·期 19
·7646-7658
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IF 10.182
Hui-Jun Chen,Qi-Yao Bai,Mei-Chen Liu,Gang Wu,Yu-Zhong Wang
Aramid fiber products have been widely used in both civil and military fields. However, the improper disposal of waste aramid fiber products could result in potential environmental problems and waste of valuable resources. In comparison with mechanical recycling, recycling of aramid fibers into aramid nanofibers (ANFs) as a novel 1D building block for functional materials has better development prospects and has got greater attention. However, the time-consuming preparation cycle of the existing approaches is not conducive to rapid and large-scale production or an in situ study of the mechanism. Herein, based on the in situ size control of solid KOH, a proton donor-assisted deprotonation system for both Kevlar fibers and their various products, i.e. KOH(aq)/DMSO system, was developed to prepare ANFs with a well-defined and uniform structure. Through this novel deprotonation system, not only is the preparation time of 0.2 wt% ANFs greatly shortened to 26 min (a tenth of the time of the state-of-the-art technology) but also the production of ANFs with high concentration (4.0 wt%) and in large amounts (1500 mL) can be realized within several hours. Importantly, the deprotonation process of Kevlar fibers as well as the formation mechanism and structural restoration of ANFs were studied by in situ characterization methods. In addition, the controlled preparation of ANF aerogels with diverse microstructures was realized by the structural restoration of ANFs under different protic solvents and subsequent lyophilization, and the physical properties of ANF aerogels were investigated. Significantly, the various Kevlar products and ANF aerogels both can be rapidly and highly efficiently dissociated to ANFs, undoubtedly demonstrating the proof-of-concept for recycling of waste aramid products and closed-loop recycling of ANF-based materials. Therefore, this work not only offers a better understanding of the mechanism of both the deprotonation of aramid fibers and the restoration of ANFs, but also provides a highly feasible, highly efficient and cost-effective recycling strategy of waste aramid products and ANF-based materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2024
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IF 8.3
Fangcheng Lv,Lvqian Fu,Qibin Wang,Kaixuan Sun,Rui Yang,Sidi Fan,Xiang Yu
High-performance aramid papers are ideal insulating materials in the electric industry, due to their superior mechanical strength and insulation capabilities. However, when subjected to prolonged high-voltage and high-power operations, these papers are prone to electrical damage, such as breakdown or corona aging. Unfortunately, most damaged aramid papers are viewed as mere waste, discarded through landfill or other unsustainable disposal methods. It is not only contrary to circular economy principles but also poses a significant environmental threat due to the potential for pollution. Herein, a closed-loop recycling strategy is proposed that efficiently and effectively reclaims electrically damaged meta-aramid papers. Using the DMAc/LiCl deprotonation system, waste aramid papers are completely decomposed into molecular chains , exposing carbon residues resulting from electrical breakdown . These carbon residues are removed through a step-by-step purification process. A reprotonation treatment is then applied to regenerate new meta-aramid papers by reforming the intermolecular hydrogen bonds . This approach not only fully restores the original honeycomb-like structure but also ensures the crystallization and hydrogen bond content, maintaining both electrical and mechanical properties at above 90 % of their original values. Notably, our recycling method is also compatible with aramid-based composites, achieving exceptional recycling efficiency.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境工程
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电气工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
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2017
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IF 6.395
W. Chen,L.Z. Ouyang,J.W. Liu,X.D. Yao,H. Wang,Z.W. Liu,M. Zhu
Sodium borohydride (NaBH 4 ) hydrolysis is a promising approach for hydrogen generation , but it is limited by high costs, low efficiency of recycling the by-product, and a lack of effective gravimetric storage methods. Here we demonstrate the regeneration of NaBH 4 by ball milling the by-product, NaBO 2 ·2H 2 O or NaBO 2 ·4H 2 O, with MgH 2 at room temperature and atmospheric pressure without any further post-treatment. Record yields of NaBH 4 at 90.0% for NaBO 2 ·2H 2 O and 88.3% for NaBO 2 ·4H 2 O are achieved. This process also produces hydrogen from the splitting of coordinate water in hydrated sodium metaborate. This compensates the need for extra hydrogen for generating MgH 2 . Accordingly, we conclude that our unique approach realizes an efficient and cost-effective closed loop system for hydrogen production and storage.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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能源技术
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2025
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IF 13.2
Hongzhe Zhao,Pengcheng Li,Yanqing Wang,Picheng Chen,Yu Ding,Yuetao Liu,Fengchen Qiao,Yumin Wu,Li Ding,Chuanhui Gao
The introduction of Covalent Adaptable Networks (CANs) provides a novel strategy to overcome the inherent limitations of traditional thermosetting polymers, such as difficulties in reprocessing and recycling. However, significant challenges remain in diversifying network topologies, balancing dynamic processing capabilities with network stability, and achieving efficient recycling through the repeated reuse of monomers. In this study, we synthesized multifunctional acetoacetate monomers via a thiol-ene click reaction between polyfunctional thiols and allyl acetoacetate, and subsequently constructed closed-loop recyclable CANs based on vinylogous urethane bonds by reacting these monomers with tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (TREN). The effects of different network topologies on mechanical performance, dynamic responsiveness, and thermal stability were systematically investigated. The results demonstrated that networks with higher crosslink densities exhibited enhanced mechanical strength and chemical stability. Contrary to the common notion that high crosslink density leads to higher activation energies, we increased the local concentration of dynamic bonds through an optimized branching-node design, thereby significantly lowering the activation energy required for bond exchange and further improving dynamic responsiveness. Furthermore, we optimized a mild acidolysis method enabling rapid depolymerization and efficient monomer recovery, successfully achieving closed-loop recycling and performance upgrading of the materials. This work provides new theoretical insights and technical guidance for the development of closed-loop recyclable CANs exhibiting both high dynamic processability and robust stability.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2024
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IF 13.3
Shihao Ji,Linlin Wang,Shengyu Feng,Lei Li
Foams are an intriguing class of porous and lightweight materials which have found widespread applications in thermal insulation, pollutant adsorption, catalyst support, and energy storage. However, their covalently cross-linked structure makes foam unable to be recycled, resulting in serious environmental burden. To address this challenge, we report the first example of closed-loop chemically recyclable foam. A simple, catalyst-free cryo-polymerization process with multifunctional amines and acetoacetates was utilized to successfully prepare a series of poly(vinylogous urethane) foams, containing dynamic covalent bonds which can selectively be cleaved on demand. The resulting foams exhibit macroporous structure with diameters exceeding 14 μm, pronounced thermal stability ( T d,5% > 262.5 °C), robust hydrophobicity (WCA > 93°) and unique reactivity. Applications have been demonstrated for efficient adsorption of organic solvents and anionic dyes. More importantly, the foams show excellent recyclability under acidic conditions with high monomer recovery yields of up to 97 % and high purity levels. Fresh foams could be regenerated from the retrieved building blocks, thus demonstrating efficient closed-loop recycling. This work provides a new “monomer-foam-monomer” ecological chain and may inspire the advancement of next-generation closed-looped recyclable foam materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2022
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IF 9.879
Baolong Wang,Yibo Shen,Fei Lu,Ningdi Xu,Yingying Liu,Da Li,Jun Li,Yudong Huang,Zhen Hu
Heterogeneous catalysis has been shown to effectively degrade organic pollution. However, it is challenging to degrade the thermosetting unsaturated polyester resin (UPR) because the contact mode between heterogeneous catalyst and resin leads to an inefficient degradation. Meanwhile, the inevitable degradation products also cause the generation of waste chemicals. Herein, the efficient degradation and closed-loop recovery strategy of UPR composite were carried out by enhancing the contact areas through bridging heterogeneous catalyst and resin. Based on hydrolysis reaction , the controllable decomposition of crosslinking UPR was utilized to yield carboxyl-rich and hydroxy-rich copolymers , forming a porous structure . With the induction of tertiary butanol ( t BuOH), a heterogeneous bimetallic Co–Fe Prussian blue analogue catalyst was thus immobilized onto the hydrolyzed resin due to the hydrogen bonds and Van der Waals force, which confirmed by experiment and theoretical calculation. The catalyst subsequently activated H 2 O 2 to generate radicals that could effectively degrade resin by triggering strong chemical bond cleavage . It was optimized that more than 90% UPR was decomposed at 100 °C below. Notably, the remarkable nondestructive recovery process of woven carbon fiber (CF) from composite was well demonstrated. The recycled CF and its reinforced composite exhibited more than 90% strength retention to the virgins. Besides, the degradation products were employed into waterborne coating with superior properties. This work provides an efficient and feasible catalytic strategy for closed-loop recovery of UPR composite.
研究领域:
材料科学
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催化化学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
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2023
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IF 5.9
Shasha Tang,Haidan Lin,Kai Dong,Jun Zhang,Chengji Zhao
The waste and desertion of petroleum-based epoxy resins have attracted increasing concerns on the damage and pollution to the environment because they are difficult to reprocess and reuse after curing. Once broken or injured, the recovery or degradation of composites is a tough challenge owing to their permanently cross-linked networks. In this paper, a novel guaiacol-based epoxy resin (BGF-EP) was prepared from renewable resources instead of conventional petroleum-based bisphenol A, curing with 4-aminophenyl disulfide (AFD). The epoxy vitrimer BGF-EP-AFD had appreciable thermal stability ( T g :143 °C, T d5% :295 °C), sufficient mechanical properties (tensile strength:55.54 MPa, elongation at break:12.23%) and stress relax from 300 min at 130 °C to 27.5 s at 200 °C. And the vitrimer could be reprocessed into a complete film. More excitingly, an efficient strategy was proposed to dissolve the cured resin and recycle its carbon fiber reinforced composites in a closed loop in an appropriate mixing solution (50%DMF/50%β-ME) at room temperature. The recovered carbon fibers are not altered and remain intact for the next utilization as confirmed by SEM. This work contributes the development of guaiacol-based renewable functional materials and provides a feasible and economical way to recycle and reprocess the carbon fiber reinforced epoxy composites.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ADVANCED MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 27.4
Haocheng Ji,Junxiong Wang,Haotian Qu,Junfeng Li,Wenhai Ji,Xiao Qiu,Yanfei Zhu,Hengyu Ren,Ruyu Shi,Guanjun Ji,Wenguang Zhao,Guangmin Zhou
Facing the resource and environmental pressures brought by the retiring wave of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), direct recycling methods are considered to be the next generation's solution. However, the contradiction between limited battery life and the demand for rapidly iterating technology forces the direct recovery paradigm to shift toward “direct upcycling.” Herein, a closed-loop direct upcycling strategy that converts waste current collector debris into dopants is proposed, and a highly inclusive eutectic molten salt system is utilized to repair structural defects in degraded polycrystalline LiNi 0.83 Co 0.12 Mn 0.05 O 2 cathodes while achieving single-crystallization transformation and introducing Al/Cu dual-doping. Upcycled materials can effectively overcome the two key challenges at high voltages: strain accumulation and lattice oxygen evolution. It exhibits comprehensive electrochemical performance far superior to commercial materials at 4.6 V, especially its fast charging capability at 15 C, and an impressive 91.1% capacity retention after 200 cycles in a 1.2 Ah pouch cell. Importantly, this approach demonstrates broad applicability to various spent layered cathodes, particularly showcasing its value in the recycling of mixed spent cathodes. This work effectively bridges the gap between waste management and material performance enhancement, offering a sustainable path for the recycling of spent LIBs and the production of next-generation high-voltage cathodes.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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能源技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
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2025
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IF 7.4
Jianqi Lu,Wei Wu,Wenyao Wang,Biao Wu,Jinhong Deng,Jie Zhou,Xiaoli Zhou,Weiliang Dong,Min Jiang
Recycling of waste polyester-cotton blended fabrics (PCB) is confronted with challenges due to the different chemical properties of each component and their intertwined structure. Herein, PCBs were degraded into monomers through room-temperature dissolution-precipitation pretreatment and enzymatic depolymerization. Polyester was selectively dissolved and separated from PCB and then precipitated in anti-solvent. The influence of the dissolved PET concentration on the recovery, particle size, and crystallinity of precipitated PET was investigated. The precipitated PET exhibited nanometer size and low crystallinity of 7.8%, which significantly accelerated the enzymatic depolymerization. The separated cotton fibers from PCB were also enzymatically depolymerized into glucose. At last, real-world PCBs with different component ratios and colors were successfully converted through this approach. This research provides a promising method for closed-loop recycling of PCB wastes.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
·
生物技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 7.312
Chao Yu,Longqian Xu,Yunfeng Mao,Yang Zong,Deli Wu
Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) are highly efficient novel methods for a wide range of organic substances. However, the decomposition of organic pollutants usually results in the formation of a series of carboxylates that are difficult to be further degraded by oxidants, which not only induces the excessive consumption of chemicals, but also leads to waste of carbon resources. Therefore, the recovery of small molecular carboxylates from effluents is a significant strategy. However, the excessive high voltage in conventional electrochemical technology for recovering small molecule acids can easily lead to organic matter degradation and high energy consumption. In present study, the removal and recovery of refractory acetate and liable oxalate by using FCDI system operated in short-circuited closed-cycle (SCC) operation was investigated. The results showed that Ac − and Ox − could be effectively accumulated in anode chamber from wastewater containing high-strength of Cl − . The significance of carbon flow-electrodes for the recovery performance and operating cost was evidenced. Higher carbon conditions induced an obvious decrease of cell voltage and thus the decomposition of organic compounds and energy consumption were decreased simultaneously. On the premise of the recovery rate, under the optimal conditions (carbon = 5 wt%, j = 5.7 A/m 2 , HRT = 7.45 min, pH i = 7.1 and t = 180 min), more than 80% of acetate and oxalate can be recovered from wastewater with a low energy consumption of 0.45 kWh/m 3 . The calculated average salt recovery rates (ASRR r ) for Ac − and Ox − were 0.186 and 0.45 μmol/(cm 2 ·min), respectively. The findings indicated that FCDI system with carbon particle flow-electrode operating in SCC mode is a promising strategy for continuously recovering aqueous carboxylates. In further research, combining FCDI operation with other techniques such as AOPs is possible to realize simultaneous oxidation and carboxylates recovery, in other words, in-situ product recovery, that if recovered will greatly contribute to the sustainability of the low carbon economy.
研究领域:
环境科学
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化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）