PLoS One
·
2012
·Vol. 7
·期 5
·e37654
·
IF 4.092
Mingjia Chen,Hongmei Zeng,Dewen Qiu,Lihua Guo,Xiufen Yang,Huaixing Shi,Tingting Zhou,Jing Zhao
Background
Magnaporthe oryzae , the rice blast fungus, might secrete certain proteins related to plant-fungal pathogen interactions.
Methodology/Principal Findings
In this study, we report the purification, characterization, and gene cloning of a novel hypersensitive response-inducing protein elicitor (MoHrip1) secreted by M. oryzae . The protein fraction was purified and identified by de novo sequencing, and the sequence matched the genomic sequence of a putative protein from M. oryzae strain 70-15 (GenBank accession No. XP_366602.1). The elicitor-encoding gene mohrip1 was isolated; it consisted of a 429 bp cDNA, which encodes a polypeptide of 142 amino acids with a molecular weight of 14.322 kDa and a pI of 4.53. The deduced protein, MoHrip1, was expressed in E. coli . And the expression protein collected from bacterium also forms necrotic lesions in tobacco. MoHrip1 could induce the early events of the defense response, including hydrogen peroxide production, callose deposition, and alkalization of the extracellular medium, in tobacco. Moreover, MoHrip1-treated rice seedlings possessed significantly enhanced systemic resistance to M. oryzae compared to the control seedlings. The real-time PCR results indicated that the expression of some pathogenesis-related genes and genes involved in signal transduction could also be induced by MoHrip1.
Conclusion/Significance
The results demonstrate that MoHrip1 triggers defense responses in rice and could be used for controlling rice blast disease.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
分子生物学
·
农学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Fungi
·
2025
·Vol. 11
·期 1
·73
·
IF 4
Jinyao Yin,Xuehuan Zhu,Yalong Chen,Yanyang Lv,Jiaxin Shan,Yuhan Liu,Wenbo Liu,Weiguo Miao,Xiao Li
The exocyst complex in eukaryotic cells modulates secretory vesicle transportation to promote exocytosis. The exocyst is also required for the hyphal growth and pathogenic development of several filamentous phytopathogens. Obligate biotrophic powdery mildew fungi cause considerable damage to many cash crops; however, the exocyst’s roles in this group of fungi is not well studied. To verify the functions of the exocyst in powdery mildew fungus, we identified two exocyst subunits, EqSec5 and EqSec6, fromErysiphe quercicola, a powdery mildew fungus that infects the rubber treeHevea brasiliensis. When GFP-fused EqSec5 and EqSec6 were introduced intoE. quercicolaand another phytopathogenic fungus,Magnaporthe oryzae, they primarily localized to the hyphal tip region. Inducing gene silencing ofEqSec5orEqSec6caused growth and infection defects, and those defects could not be fully restored under the NADPH oxidase inhibitor treatment to the plant. The silenced strains also induced the host defense response including reactive oxygen species accumulation and callose deposition. The silencing ofEqSec5orEqSec6also inhibited the secretion of the effector protein EqIsc1, interrupting plant salicylic acid biosynthesis. Yeast two-hybrid and gene overexpression assays suggested that EqSec5 and EqSec6 interact with each other and can complement each other’s function during host infection. Overall, our study provides evidence that the exocyst in this powdery mildew fungus facilitates effector secretion, hyphal growth, and infection.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2022
·
IF 10.753
Lu Zhang,Tian Xia,Qi Liu,Lei Gu,Yunfei Sun,Zhou Yang
Nitrogenous pollutants derived from human activities not only pose direct risk on aquatic organisms but may also indirectly endanger the stability of interspecific relations. To date, the effects of the nitrogen-containing pollutants on the induced defense remain unclear. Here, we aim to investigate the induced defense of an aquatic keystone species , Daphnia pulex, which responds to predation risk under nitrite pollution at environmentally relevant concentrations and simultaneously evaluate the effects of their induced defenses on nitrite tolerance. Results showed that increasing nitrite significantly reduced the survival time of D. pulex and posed severe reproductive toxicity, consequently reducing the offspring and broods. In the morphological defensive responses, early nitrite exposure interfered with the spine elongation, but the relative spine length induced by the predation risk was unaffected by the nitrite concentrations with exposure time prolonged, although high-dose nitrite inhibited the spine elongation and the increase of the body size. The integration of biomarker response index analyses further indicated that the reproductive capacity was more seriously impaired than the morphology and the survival. Moreover, the sensitivity analyses of growth and reproduction indicated that predation risk significantly reduced Daphnia's tolerance to nitrite. Conclusively, these findings highlight that long-term nitrite exposure exacerbates the predator-induced miniaturization of zooplanktons, and predation risk also reduces their tolerance to nitrite, which provides new insights into the performance changes of zooplanktons exposed to pollutants under predation risk and the vulnerability of predator–prey interspecific relationships in polluted environments.
研究领域:
生态毒理学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
·
2021
·Vol. 22
·期 22
·12182
·
IF 5.924
Miaofen Ye,Peng Kuai,Shuting Chen,Na Lin,Meng Ye,Lingfei Hu,Yonggen Lou
Many plant proteins with extracellular leucine-rich repeat (eLRR) domains play an important role in plant immunity. However, the role of one class of eLRR plant proteins—the simple eLRR proteins—in plant defenses against herbivores remains largely unknown. Here, we found that a simple eLRR protein OsI-BAK1 in rice localizes to the plasma membrane. Its expression was induced by mechanical wounding, the infestation of gravid females of brown planthopper (BPH)Nilaparvata lugensor white-backed planthopperSogatella furciferaand treatment with methyl jasmonate or abscisic acid. SilencingOsI-BAK1(ir-ibak1) in rice enhanced the BPH-induced transcript levels of three defense-related WRKY genes (OsWRKY24,OsWRKY53andOsWRKY70) but decreased the induced levels of ethylene. Bioassays revealed that the hatching rate was significantly lower in BPH eggs laid on ir-ibak1plants than wild-type (WT) plants; moreover, gravid BPH females preferred to oviposit on WT plants over ir-ibak1plants. The exogenous application of ethephon on ir-ibak1plants eliminated the BPH oviposition preference between WT and ir-ibak1plants but had no effect on the hatching rate of BPH eggs. These findings suggest that OsI-BAK1 acts as a negative modulator of defense responses in rice to BPH and that BPH might exploit this modulator for its own benefit.Keywords:rice;OsI-BAK1;Nilaparvata lugens;ethylene;plant defense responses;simple extracellular leucine-rich repeat protein
研究领域:
植物学
·
昆虫学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2021
·
IF 7.963
Tianlang Zhang,Nan Li,Guosheng Chen,Jianqiao Xu,Gangfeng Ouyang,Fang Zhu
Due to their wide applications and extensive discharges, pharmaceuticals have recently become a potential risk to aquatic and terrestrial organisms. The uptake of pharmaceuticals have been shown to stimulate plant defense systems and induce phytotoxic effects. Signaling molecules such as plant hormones play crucial roles in plant stress and defense responses, but the relationship between these molecules and pharmaceutical uptake has rarely been investigated. In this study, two common pharmaceuticals, carbamazepine and ibuprofen, and three stress-related plant hormones, jasmonic acid, salicylic acid , and abscisic acid , were simultaneously tracked in the roots and stems of Malabar spinach ( Basella alba L.) via an in vivo solid phase microextraction (SPME) method. We also monitored stress-related physiological markers and enzymatic activities to demonstrate plant hormone modulation. The results indicate that pharmaceutical uptake, subsequent stress symptoms, and the defense response were all significantly correlated with the upregulation of plant hormones. Moreover, the plant hormones in the exposure group failed to recover to normal levels, indicating that plants containing pharmaceutical residues might be subject to potential risks.
研究领域:
植物学
·
环境科学
·
药理学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 5.7
Le Liu,Ze Sun,Rui Tang,Jin-Hua Shi,Li-Qiong Zhang,Hazem Abdelnabby,Aijun Zhang,Man-Qun Wang
Mechanical stimuli can affect plant growth, development, and defenses. The role of water spray stimulation, as a prevalent mechanical stimulus in the environment, in crop growth and defense cannot be overlooked. In this study, the effects of water spray on tomato plant growth and defense against the chewing herbivore Helicoverpa armigera and necrotrophic fungus Botrytis cinerea were investigated. Suprathreshold water spray stimulus (LS) was found to enhance tomato plant defenses against pests and pathogens while concurrently modifying plant architecture. The results of the phytohormone and chemical metabolite analysis revealed that LS improved the plant defense response via jasmonic acid (JA) signaling. LS significantly elevated the level of a pivotal defensive metabolite, chlorogenic acid, and reduced the emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) from tomato plants, thereby defending against pest and pathogen attacks. The most obvious finding to emerge from this study is that LS enhances tomato plant defenses against biotic stresses, which will pave the way for further work on the application of mechanical stimuli for pest management.
研究领域:
植物学
·
农业科学
·
植物病理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY AND BIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2011
·Vol. 93
·期 1
·191-201
·
IF 3.28
Wang Bingnan,Yang Xiufen,Zeng Hongmei,Liu Hua,Zhou Tingting,Tan Beibei,Yuan Jingjing,Guo Lihua,Qiu Dewen
PevD1, a novel protein elicitor from the pathogenic cotton verticillium wilt fungus, Verticillium dahliae , induced a hypersensitive response in tobacco plants. In this paper, the elicitor was purified and analyzed using de novo sequencing. The protein-encoding pevD1 gene consists of a 468-bp open reading frame that produces a polypeptide of 155 amino acids, with a theoretical molecular weight of 16.23 kDa. The sequence of elicitor protein PevD1 was matched to the genomic sequence (GenBank accession no. ABJE 01000445.1) of a putative protein from V. dahliae strain vdls.17, but a function had not yet been reported. The pevD1 gene was expressed in Escherichia coli , and the recombinant protein was characterized for its ability to confer systemic acquired resistance to tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). Recombinant PevD1-treated plants exhibited enhanced systemic resistance compared to control, including a significant reduction in the number and size of TMV lesions on tobacco leaves. The elicitor protein-induced hydrogen peroxide production, extracellular-medium alkalization, callose deposition, phenolics metabolism, and lignin synthesis in tobacco. Our results demonstrate that elicitor-PevD1 triggers defense responses in intact tobacco plants.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
分子生物学
·
蛋白质化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2016
·
IF 2.857
Yu-Chun Wang,Wen-Jun Qian,Na-Na Li,Xin-Yuan Hao,Lu Wang,Bin Xiao,Xin-Chao Wang,Ya-Jun Yang
Tea plant (Camellia sinensis) is one of the most economically valuable crops in the world. Anthracnose can affect the growth of leaves and cause serious yield losses of tea. Tea plants are rich in secondary metabolites; however, their roles in resistance to anthracnose are unclear. Herein we compared the contents of total phenolics, catechins, and caffeine in two cultivars with different resistances to anthracnose during Colletotrichum fructicola infection. (−)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), (+)-catechin (C), caffeine, and critical regulatory genes were induced in C. fructicola-resistant tissues. In vitro antifungal tests showed that caffeine more strongly inhibited mycelial growth than tea polyphenols and catechins. Both electron microscopy and bioactivity analysis results showed that caffeine can affect mycelial cell walls and plasma membranes. Through promoter sequences analysis, a number of stress response-related cis-acting elements were identified in S-adenosylmethionine synthetase and tea caffeine synthase. These results demonstrated that (−)-EGCG, (+)-C, and caffeine may be involved in the resistance of tea plants to anthracnose.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
代谢组学
·
分子生物学
·
农学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Integrative Agriculture
·
2023
·
IF 4.8
Yang-yang XIAO,Jia-jia QIAN,Xing-liang HOU,Lan-ting ZENG,Xu LIU,Guo-guo MEI,Yin-yin LIAO
The sweet potato weevil ( Cylas formicarius (Fab.) (Coleoptera: Brentidae)) is a pest that feeds on sweet potato ( Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam. (Solanales: Convolvulaceae)), causing substantial economic losses annually. However, no safe and effective methods have been found to protect sweet potato from this pest. Herbivore-induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) promote various defensive bioactivities, but their formation and the defense mechanisms in sweet potato have not been investigated. To identify the defensive HIPVs in sweet potato, the release dynamics of volatiles was monitored. The biosynthetic pathways and regulatory factors of the candidate HIPVs were revealed via stable isotope tracing and analyses at the transcriptional and metabolic levels. Finally, the anti-insect activities and the defense mechanisms of the gaseous candidates were evaluated. The production of ( Z )-3-hexenyl acetate ( z 3HAC) and allo -ocimene was induced by sweet potato weevil feeding, with a distinct circadian rhythm. Ipomoea batatas ocimene synthase (IbOS) is first reported here as a key gene in allo -ocimene synthesis. Insect-induced wounding promoted the production of the substrate, ( Z )-3-hexenol, and upregulated the expression of IbOS , which resulted in higher contents of z 3HAC and allo -ocimene, respectively. Gaseous z 3HAC and allo -ocimene primed nearby plants to defend themselves against sweet potato weevils. These results provide important data regarding the formation, regulation, and signal transduction mechanisms of defensive volatiles in sweet potato, with potential implications for improving sweet potato weevil management strategies.
研究领域:
植物科学
·
昆虫学
·
农业害虫管理
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
NanoImpact
·
2022
·
IF 6.038
Amr S. Abou El-Ela,Eric Siaw Ntiri,Asim Munawar,Xiao-Xiao Shi,Chao Zhang,Joko Pilianto,Yadong Zhang,Ming Chen,Wenwu Zhou,Zeng-Rong Zhu
Background Nanoparticles have been employed as nanopesticides for pest control in agriculture. However, the harmful effects of their chemical synthesis on human and environmental health have resulted in increased use of green synthetic approaches, including the use of plant extracts. The brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens (Stål) (BPH), is a severe pest of rice plants ( Oryza sativa L.), especially in Asia. It is usually controlled chemically but has developed resistance against many insecticides. Results In this study, we synthesized metallic silver (Ag-NPs) and copper-oxide (CuO-NPs) nanoparticles using the exogenous phytohormone, gibberellic acid (GA 3 ), as a reducing agent. We then sprayed them separately on rice plants and BPH together and evaluated their effects on the plants and insects. SEM and TEM images showed that the synthesis was successful, indicated by the sizes (25–60 nm), uniform shape and spherical and cubical structures of Ag-NPs, as well as by the rugby sheet-like of CuO-NPs with lateral sizes of 150–340 nm and thickness of 30–70 nm. Independent applications of the nanoparticles and GA 3 on rice plants induced different volatile profiles, of which the highest number emitted was under Ag-NPs, including the highest emission of linalool. Transcriptome analysis showed that Ag-NPs-treated rice plants showed different transcriptome profiles compared to the control, 24 h after treatment, including the upregulation of the linalool synthase gene, genes of plants transcription factors such as WRKY, bHLH and NAC and other genes involved in plant defense responses. In all treatments, the mortality rate of BPH increased with an increase in NPs concentrations over time but was prominent under Ag-NPs treatment. The LC 50 values for Ag-NPs and CuO-NPs decreased with an increase in time. Also, the nanoparticles increased the activities of protective enzymes (POD, SOD and CAT), inhibited that of detoxification enzymes (A-CHE, ACP and AKP), and reduced total protein concentrations in the BPH. Conclusions These results show that synthesizing nanoparticles using phytohormones may be a safer and environmentally friendly option, which also holds promise for controlling the BPH in rice production.
研究领域:
农业科学
·
纳米技术
·
植物病理学
·
昆虫学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF STORED PRODUCTS RESEARCH
·
2024
·
IF 2.7
Yan Wang,Leiqing Pan,Kang Tu
Nectarine fruits are rich in nutrients, which are susceptible to fungal infection during postharvest, resulting in quality deterioration and decay. This study aimed to assess the effect of different concentrations of carvacrol and soy protein isolate coatings on the fungal infection and quality characteristics of nectarines during postharvest storage. The results showed that soy protein isolate carvacrol (SPI-C) coating inhibited the growth of Rhizopus stolonifer in vitro. The SPI-C coating significantly reduced the incidence of postharvest soft rot, maintained the postharvest quality of nectarines during storage. SPI-C coating induces the defense response to soft rot by enhancing the accumulation of phenolic, flavonoids and lignin, and up-regulating the expression of defense-related genes in nectarines. The SPI-C coating activated the transcription of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD and POD) and eliminated ROS damage. The disease resistance response promotes the production of defense-related substances by upregulating the gene expression of PpPPO and PpPAL . In summary, SPI-C coating significantly reduces the incidence of postharvest soft rot, maintains the postharvest quality and induces defense response to soft rot by enhancing the expression of genes involved in phenylpropanoid metabolism in nectarines during storage.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
植物病理学
·
采后技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Frontiers in Molecular Biosciences
·
2023
·
IF 5
Zhuo Wei,Chen Juan,Jiang Shilong,Zheng Juyan,Huang Hanxue,Xie Pan,Li Wei,Lei Mengrong,Yin Jiye,Gao Ying,Liu Zhaoqian
Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 subunit A (eIF3a) is the largest subunit of the eukaryotic translation initiation factor 3 (eIF3). eIF3a plays an integral role in protein biosynthesis, hence impacting the onset, development, and treatment of tumors. The proteins regulated by eIF3a are still being explored in vivo. In this study, a Cre-loxP system was used to generate eIF3a conditional knockout mice. Tandem mass tag (TMT) labeling with LC-MS/MS analysis was used to identify differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) in fat, lungs, skin, and spleen tissue of the eIF3a knockout mice and controls. Bioinformatics analysis was then used to explore the functions and molecular signaling pathways of these protein landscapes. It was observed that eIF3a is essential for life sustenance. Abnormal tissue pathology was found in the lungs, fat, skin, spleen, and thymus. In total, 588, 210, 324, and 944 DEPs were quantified in the lungs, fat, skin, and spleen, respectively, of the eIF3a knockout mice as compared to the control. The quantified differentially expressed proteins were tissue-specific, except for eight proteins shared by the four tissues. A broad range of functions for eIF3a, including cellular signaling pathway, immune response, metabolism, defense response, phagocytes, and DNA replication, has been revealed using bioinformatics analysis. Herein, several pathways related to oxidative stress in the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) database, including nitrogen metabolism, peroxisome, cytochrome P450 drug metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, PPAR signaling pathway, phospholipase D signaling pathway, B-cell receptor signaling pathway, ferroptosis, and focal adhesion, have been identified. Collectively, this study shows that eIF3a is an essential gene for sustaining life, and its downstream proteins are involved in diverse novel functions beyond mRNA translational regulation.
研究领域:
分子生物学
·
蛋白质组学
·
遗传学
·
生物信息学
·
病理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）