Polymers
·
2023
·Vol. 15
·期 18
·3666
·
IF 5
Tongtong Ma,Qianqian Zhou,Chaozheng Liu,Liping Li,Chuigen Guo,Changtong Mei
Multifunctional biofilms with early fire-warning capabilities are highly necessary for various indoor and outdoor applications, but a rational design of intelligent fire alarm films with strong weather resistance remains a major challenge. Herein, a multiscale hierarchical biofilm based on lignocellulose nanofibrils (LCNFs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and TiO2was developed through a vacuum-assisted alternate self-assembly and dipping method. Then, an early fire-warning system that changes from an insulating state to a conductive one was designed, relying on the rapid carbonization of LCNFs together with the unique electronic excitation characteristics of TiO2. Typically, the L-CNT-TiO2film exhibited an ultrasensitive fire-response signal of ~0.30 s and a long-term warning time of ~1238 s when a fire disaster was about to occur, demonstrating a reliable fire-alarm performance and promising flame-resistance ability. More importantly, the L-CNT-TiO2biofilm also possessed a water contact angle (WCA) of 166 ± 1° and an ultraviolet protection factor (UPF) as high as 2000, resulting in excellent superhydrophobicity, antifouling, self-cleaning as well as incredible anti-ultraviolet (UV) capabilities. This work offers an innovative strategy for developing advanced intelligent films for fire safety and prevention applications, which holds great promise for the field of building materials.Keywords:fire-warning;biofilms;fire resistance;superhydrophobicity;anti-ultraviolet
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2024
·Vol. 141
·期 26
·e55574
·
IF 2.7
Wang Zhan,Jinhong Mo,Xin Feng,Zhiyuan Xu,Lixia Li,Le Chen,Qinghong Kong,Qingwu Zhang,Mingyi Chen,Juncheng Jiang
Silk fibroin was used to enhance the properties of the fireproof coating, ensuring the safe evacuation of occupants in a fire accident. The effects of biomaterial on the properties of the coatings were investigated by fire protection test, thermogravimetric analysis, limited oxygen index, vertical flame test, water resistance test, and mechanical properties test. The carbon layers were characterized after the fire protection test by scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to analyze the microstructure and chemical composition. The results show that the coating with 6% SF demonstrated the best fire protection, thermal stability, and water resistance. The temperature on the backside is only 255.9°C, and the residual weight is 37.52%. However, the coating with 4% SF exhibits good mechanical properties.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
火灾安全工程
·
生物材料学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
·
2024
·
IF 12.7
Wenbo Che,Zehui Li,Siqi Huo,Toan Dinh,Min Hong,Cristian Maluk,Youming Yu,Yanjun Xie
Wood, renowned for its sustainability, specific strength , and thermal insulation , stands as a highly sought-after sustainable structural material. However, the inherent flammability , decay susceptibility, and inadequate mechanical strength hinder its practical applications in high-rise buildings. Here, we report a groundbreaking solution to fabricate multi-functional fire-retardant wood (M-FRW) through a coupled delignification/impregnation procedure followed by densification treatment. The GO/BA created a hybridized network on the M-FRW surface, while BA molecules penetrated the wood cell. As-created M-FRW exhibits a superior flame retardancy due to the physical barrier and catalytic charring effect of GO/BA, as reflected by an ultrahigh limiting oxygen index value of >75 % and an 85 % reduction in the peak of heat release rate compared to natural wood. Furthermore, the GO/BA layer of M-FRW has a sensitive fire alarm response and ultralong alarm time (∼11280 s). More impressively, M-FRW exhibits an exceptional ability to inhibit decay fungi, mold fungi, and common bacteria due to the superimposed anti-microbial effect of GO and BA. Additionally, M-FRW shows desirable mechanical and thermal insulation properties . This work provides a facile strategy to fabricate a multi-functional advanced wood nanocomposite , making them hold great potential for various engineering applications , such as intelligent buildings .
研究领域:
材料科学
·
林业工程
·
纳米技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Coatings Technology and Research
·
2025
·
IF 2.8
Wang Huihui,Wang Shenglong,Hsu Wayne,Gao Lele,Wang Xinkun,Lin Fenglong,Wu Yincai,Song Lijun
This study presents the development of an advanced intumescent fire-retardant coating by integrating lanthanum hypophosphite (LaHP) into a conventional ammonium polyphosphate/pentaerythritol/melamine (APP/PER/MEL) system. LaHP was synthesized from sodium hypophosphite and lanthanum chloride, achieving a yield of approximately 65%. The synthesized LaHP was added to the coating formulation at concentrations ranging from 2 to 6 wt.% to evaluate its effects on fire resistance and thermal protection. Comprehensive testing, including fire resistance assessments and cone calorimeter tests, along with characterizations such as SEM, XRD, Raman spectroscopy, FTIR, TGA, and XPS, revealed that LaHP significantly enhanced the fire-retardant properties of the coatings. The optimal concentration of 4 wt.% resulted in a peak heat release rate (pHRR) of 37.04 kW/m 2 and a total heat release (THR) of 0.42 MJ/m 2 . Additionally, the LaHP-enhanced coating demonstrated superior thermal barrier efficiency, keeping the backside temperature of the coated steel plate below 200 °C during fire testing. Morphological analyses indicated that LaHP contributed to a denser, continuous char layer that insulated against heat and oxygen. XPS analysis confirmed the formation of a catalytic graphitized carbonaceous layer, which delayed degradation of the intumescent structure and improved fire retardancy. Briefly, LaHP proves to be an effective synergist in the APP/PER/MEL system, which markedly enhances the coating of fire protection performance.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
防火技术
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2021
·Vol. 13
·期 21
·3668
·
IF 4.329
Feiyue Wang,Mengtao Cai,Long Yan
Poly(acrylamide-acrylic acid) (P(AM-co-AA)) was synthesized via the copolymerization of acrylamide and acrylic acid and well characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Afterward, the obtained P(AM-co-AA) was blended with flame retardants to prepare transparent flame-retardant hydrogel applied in the fireproof glass. The influence of poly(acrylamide-acrylic acid) on fire resistance and anti-aging properties of the transparent flame-retardant hydrogels were studied by assorted analysis methods. The optical transparency analysis shows that the light transmittance of the transparent flame-retardant hydrogel gradually decreases with the decreasing mass ratio of acrylamide to acrylic acid in P(AM-co-AA). Heat insulation testing shows that the heat insulation performance of fireproof glass applying the transparent flame-retardant hydrogel firstly decreases and then increases with decreasing mass ratio of acrylamide to acrylic acid in P(AM-co-AA). When the mass ratio of acrylamide to acrylic acid is 1:2, the obtained P(AM-co-AA) endows the resulting flame-retardant hydrogel applied in fireproof glass with the lowest light transmittance of 81.3% and lowest backside temperature of 131.4 °C at 60 min among the samples, which is attributed to the formation of a more dense and expanded char to prevent the heat transfer during combustion, as supported by the digital photos of char residues. The results of TG analysis indicate that P(AM-co-AA) imparts high thermal stability to the resulting hydrogels due to the hydrogen bonds between carboxyl and amide groups. The accelerated aging test shows that the transparent flame-retardant hydrogel containing P(AM-co-AA) is less affected by aging conditions. Especially, when the mass ratio of acrylamide to acrylic acid in P(AM-co-AA) is 4:1, the resulting transparent flame-retardant hydrogel shows a light transmittance of 82.9% and backside temperature of 173.1 °C at 60 min after 7 aging cycles, exhibiting the best comprehensive properties among the samples.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2023
·Vol. 15
·期 20
·4063
·
IF 5
Xiaoshuai Han,Xiaoyi Wang,Wei Tian,Yuli Wang,Jiangbo Wang,Frank Lam,Shaohua Jiang
Mildly delignified wood showed a well-preserved wood cell wall framework, and its derived compressed materials demonstrate excellent mechanical properties and advanced functional material potential. Here, we proposed a simple yet effective approach for making strong, tough, and fire-retardant wooden laminate by a three-step process of mild delignification, infiltrating potassium nonafluoro-1-butanesulfonate (PFBS), and hot-pressing to densify the material. PFBS can be infiltrated into the micro/nano-structures of the mildly delignified wood to achieve a good flame-resistant protective barrier. Flame retardant tests showed that this strong, tough, and fire-retardant wooden laminate has a superior flame-retardant performance to natural wood. Additionally, the wooden laminate also exhibits a simultaneously enhanced tensile strength (175.6 MPavs.89.9 MPa for natural wood) and toughness (22.9 MJ m−3vs.10.9 MJ m−3for natural wood). Given these attributes, the resulting wooden laminates are identified as promising candidates for high-performance structural applications, fulfilling stringent requirements for both mechanical resilience and flame-retardant efficacy.Keywords:wood;biomimetic;mechanical performance;fire-retardant
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物仿生学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Materials Today Communications
·
2024
·
IF 3.7
Asghar Hasannezhad,Setare Amirpoor,Abolghasem Dolati,Ruhollah Sharifi
This research looked into how well the water-based intumescent coating (WBIC) with fumed silica nanoparticles (FSNs) worked to keep steel parts safe from cellulose fire. The adhesion strength of the coatings was evaluated using the pull-off test according to ASTM D4541. Flame retardant performance was studied by a lab-scale simulated big panel test at 950 °C for 1 hour. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and the UL94 test were used to study the thermal stability and burning characteristics of the WBIC. An FESEM, an X-ray diffraction (XRD), and a Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were used to fully characterize the residual chars of the optimized formulation and the control coating. Adhesion strength test results showed that adding 0.2 wt% of FSNs increased paint adhesion strength from 0 to 2 MPa and changed the failure mode from adhesive to cohesive. It was found that at the optimal FSNs content (0.2 wt% SiO 2 ), the lowest steel backside temperature of 181℃ after 1 hour of fire testing was obtained. Adding fumed silica from 0.1 to 0.3 wt% has resulted in a reduction of the char layer's intumescent factor by 5.3–42.1 %. The SEM images indicated that fumed silica enhanced the formation of dense, crack-free char layers with small pore sizes. Thermogravimetric analysis revealed that intumescent coatings' thermal stability and residual weight increased with the addition of 0.2 wt% fumed silica. Additionally, the coating contained 0.2 wt% SiO 2 passed the V0 rating in the UL94 vertical burning test. The XRD and FTIR tests also revealed that the leftover chars had rutile titanium oxide, aluminum metaphosphate, and titanium pyrophosphate in them. At high temperatures, these ceramic compounds exhibit thermal insulation performance, preventing heat and oxygen penetration into the char layer.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
火灾安全工程
·
纳米技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nanomaterials
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 7
·1142
·
IF 5.719
Mei Wan,Congling Shi,Xiaodong Qian,Yueping Qin,Jingyun Jing,Honglei Che
In this work, a novel functionalization strategy for ZIF-67-modified layered MXene was proposed, aiming at improving the fire safety of thermoplastic polyurethanes (TPU). The ZIF-67@MXene was verified by microscopic morphology, elemental composition, functional group species and crystal structure, and then the successfully prepared ZIF-67@MXene was introduced into the TPU material. When ZIF-67@MXene content was only 0.5 wt%, the peak heat release rate, total heat release rate, peak smoke release rate, total smoke release rate, and CO yield of the TPU/ZIF-67@MXene composites were reduced by 26%, 9%, 50%, and 22%, respectively, compared with the pure TPU. The thermogravimetric tests showed that the residual char of TPU/ZIF-67@MXene composites was the most in all samples. In short, the high-quality carbon layer of TPU/ZIF-67@MXene composites acts as a physical barrier to the transfer of heat and toxic gases, greatly improving the flame retardant properties of the TPU polymer.Keywords:metal-organic framework ZIF-67;MXene;fire safety;thermoplastic polyurethanes
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子科学
·
防火工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2021
·
IF 5.316
Yan Zhang,Jin Yu,Jiayu Lu,Chenjie Zhu,Dongming Qi
Rapid growing of electronics has not only caused severe electromagnetic wave pollution, but also created a risk of fire and explosion. Therefore, developing ultralight, fire-resistant, high-performance electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding materials are imperative but also challenging. Considering the outstanding metallic conductivity and high aspect ratio, 2D Ti 3 C 2 T x has been reported to be one of the most promising candidates for exhibiting excellent EMI shielding performance. Herein, we demonstrate a facile method to fabricate cellulose nanofiber (CNF)/ammonium polyphosphate (APP)/Ti 3 C 2 T x composite aerogels via a simple freeze-drying method. The resultant CNF/APP/Ti 3 C 2 T x composite aerogels exhibited excellent fire-resistance without obvious shrinkage when placed over the flame of an alcohol burner. Besides, the 8-mm-thick composite aerogel with 60% of Ti 3 C 2 T x showed an average EMI shielding effectiveness of 55 dB (specific EMI shielding effectiveness/thickness could be ~5729 dB cm 2 g −1 ) with an absorption-dominant mechanism. This performance is owing to the relative high electrical conductivity (12 S/m) and multiple reflections from the porous structure. These characteristics make the composite aerogel a much more competitive product for a high-performance EMI shielding material.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电子工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2023
·
IF 9.9
Kaili Gong,Lian Yin,Congling Shi,Xiaodong Qian,Keqing Zhou
It is challenging that the functionalized MXene-based nanofillers are designed to modify the inherent flammability and poor toughness of epoxy polymeric materials and further to facilitate the application of EP composites. Herein, silicon-reinforced Ti 3 C 2 T x MXene-based nanoarchitectures (MXene@SiO 2 ) are synthesized by simple self-growth method, and its enhancement effects on epoxy resin (EP) are investigated. The as-prepared nanoarchitectures realize homogeneous dispersion in EP matrix, indicating well performance-enhancing potential. The incorporation of MXene@SiO 2 achieves improved thermal stability for EP composites with higher T -5% and lower R max values. Moreover, EP/2 wt% MXene@SiO 2 composites obtain a 30.2% and 34.0% reduction in peak heat release rate (PHRR) and peak smoke production rate (PSPR) compared to those of pure EP, respectively, also achieving a 52.5% fall in smoke factor (SF) values and increased yield and stability of chars. The dual char-forming effects of MXene@SiO 2 nanoarchitectures, including the catalytic charring of MXene and the migration of SiO 2 to induce charring, are accounted for the results, as well as lamellar barrier effects. Additionally, EP/MXene@SiO 2 composites achieve an enhanced storage modulus of 51.5%, along with improved tensile strength and elongation at break, compared to those of pure EP.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
复合材料工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PROGRESS IN ORGANIC COATINGS
·
2025
·
IF 7.3
Fei Xiao,Xinke Huo,Wenlong Shao,Bihe Yuan,Kaiyuan Li,Liping Zhu
Fire protection is a critical feature in applications ranging from steel structures to battery energy storage systems. In this study, a biomass-based intumescent fire protection coating was constructed based on multi-component synergy to prevent the failure of steel structures and lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) under fire, and their thermal stability, flame retardancy, fire resistance, smoke suppression, wear resistance, and hydrophobicity of the coating were systematically evaluated. The results demonstrated that, due to the protective coating, the temperature on the backside of the steel coated with a 1.5 mm thick layer remains below 150 °C throughout the 20-minute butane torch fire test (exceeding 1100 °C), which is significantly lower than the steel structure's failure threshold. Moreover, cone calorimeter test indicated that the peak heat release rate and total heat release of the coating were significantly reduced by 89.9 % and 87.4 %, respectively, compared to the control coating. Mechanistic analysis revealed that various components in the coating reacted rapidly during combustion, enhancing the structure and composition of the intumescent char, which acted as an effective thermal barrier, inhibiting the transfer of heat and mass. In the thermal runaway experiment of LIBs, the coating inhibited heat transfer between cells, keeping the temperature on the back of the protected battery below 88.2 °C. Additionally, the surface heating rate was as low as 0.072 °C/s, which prevented or delayed the propagation of thermal runaway. In summary, this study explored the development of green, efficient, and multifunctional intumescent coatings, which may promote advancements in thermal safety protection for energy systems.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
消防安全工程
·
能源系统安全
·
高分子化学
·
热防护技术
·
电化学储能
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Omega
·
2022
·
IF 4.132
Hongni Wang,Xiaoqian Li,Fangfang Su,Jinliang Xie,Yangyang Xin,Weirui Zhang,Chen Liu,Dongdong Yao,Yaping Zheng
Despite many important industrial applications, epoxy resin (EP) suffers from high flammability and toxicity emission, extremely hampering their applications. To circumvent the problem, core–shell structured ZIF67@ZIF8 is successfully synthesized and further functionalized with phytic acid (PA) to obtain PA-ZIF67@ZIF8 hybrids. Then, it is used as an efficient flame retardant to reduce the fire risk of EP. The fire test results show a significant reduction in heat and smoke production. Compared with EP, incorporating 5.0 wt % PA-ZIF67@ZIF8 into EP, the peak heat release rate, total heat release, and peak carbon monoxide production are dramatically reduced by 42.2, 33.0, and 41.5%, respectively. Moreover, the EP/PA-ZIF67@ZIF8 composites achieve the UL-94 V-0 rating and the limiting oxygen index increases by 29.3%. These superior fire safety properties are mainly attributed to the excellent dispersion and the catalytic effect of metal oxide and phosphorus-containing compounds. This work provides an efficient strategy for preparing a promising ZIF-based flame retardant for enhancing flame retardancy and smoke toxicity suppression of EP.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）