PLoS Pathogens
·
2017
·Vol. 13
·期 6
·e1006449
·
IF 6.608
Xiao Li,Chuyun Gao,Lianwei Li,Muxing Liu,Ziyi Yin,Haifeng Zhang,Xiaobo Zheng,Ping Wang,Zhengguang Zhang
Eukaryotic cells respond to environmental stimuli when cell surface receptors are bound by environmental ligands. The binding initiates a signal transduction cascade that results in the appropriate intracellular responses. Studies have shown that endocytosis is critical for receptor internalization and signaling activation. In the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae , a non-canonical G-protein coupled receptor, Pth11, and membrane sensors MoMsb2 and MoSho1 are thought to function upstream of G-protein/cAMP signaling and the Pmk1 MAPK pathway to regulate appressorium formation and pathogenesis. However, little is known about how these receptors or sensors are internalized and transported into intracellular compartments. We found that the MoEnd3 protein is important for endocytic transport and that the Δ Moend3 mutant exhibited defects in efficient internalization of Pth11 and MoSho1. The Δ Moend3 mutant was also defective in Pmk1 phosphorylation, autophagy, appressorium formation and function. Intriguingly, restoring Pmk1 phosphorylation levels in Δ Moend3 suppressed most of these defects. Moreover, we demonstrated that MoEnd3 is subject to regulation by MoArk1 through protein phosphorylation. We also found that MoEnd3 has additional functions in facilitating the secretion of effectors, including Avr-Pia and AvrPiz-t that suppress rice immunity. Taken together, our findings suggest that MoEnd3 plays a critical role in mediating receptor endocytosis that is critical for the signal transduction-regulated development and virulence of M . oryzae .
During the interaction between the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae and the host, the pathogen employs a series of receptors and sensors at the plasma membrane to recognize host surface cues and to activate signal transduction pathways required for appressorium formation and pathogenicity. We found that MoEnd3-mediated endocytosis is responsible for internalization of non-canonical GPCR Pth11 and the sensor MoSho1 to endosomal compartments. This is important for activating the downstream Pmk1 MAPK pathway to control appressorium formation and penetration. MoEnd3 is regulated through phosphorylation by the actin-regulating kinase MoArk1. In addition, MoEnd3 has a role in establishing effector secretion required for suppressing rice immunity. Our studies provide evidence that endocytosis is required for normal signaling and virulence in M . oryzae .
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
分子生物学
·
真菌学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Stress Biology
·
2024
·Vol. 4
·期 1
·1-15
·
IF 0
Li Yuan-Bao,Shen Ningning,Deng Xianya,Liu Zixuan,Zhu Shuai,Liu Chengyu,Tang Dingzhong,Han Li-Bo
The dynamic assembly of the actin cytoskeleton is vital for Magnaporthe oryzae development and host infection. The actin-related protein MoFim1 is a key factor for organizing the M. oryza e actin cytoskeleton. Currently, how MoFim1 is regulated in M. oryzae to precisely rearrange the actin cytoskeleton is unclear. In this study, we found that MoFim1 associates with the M. oryzae mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase Pmk1 to regulate actin assembly. MoFim1 directly interacted with Pmk1, and the phosphorylation level of MoFim1 was decreased in Δ pmk1 , which led to a change in the subcellular distribution of MoFim1 in the hyphae of Δ pmk1. Moreover, the actin cytoskeleton was aberrantly organized at the hyphal tip in the Δ pmk1 , which was similar to what was observed in the Δ mofim1 during hyphal growth . Furthermore, phosphorylation analysis revealed that Pmk1 could phosphorylate MoFim1 at serine 94. Loss of phosphorylation of MoFim1 at serine 94 decreased actin bundling activity. Additionally, the expression of the site mutant of MoFim1 S94D (in which serine 94 was replaced with aspartate to mimic phosphorylation) in Δ pmk1 could reverse the defects in actin organization and hyphal growth in Δ pmk1 . It also partially rescues the formation of appressorium failure in Δ pmk1. Taken together, these findings suggest a regulatory mechanism in which Pmk1 phosphorylates MoFim1 to regulate the assembly of the actin cytoskeleton during hyphal development and pathogenesis.
研究领域:
真菌学
·
植物病理学
·
细胞生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
MOLECULAR PLANT PATHOLOGY
·
2024
·Vol. 25
·期 7
·e13489
·
IF 4.8
Qiao Liu,Ruhui Long,Chaoxiang Lin,Xinping Bi,Zhibin Liang,Yi Zhen Deng
A cell death pathway, ferroptosis, occurs in conidial cells and is critical for formation and function of the infection structure, the appressorium, in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae . In this study, we identified an orthologous lysophosphatidic acid acyltransferase (Lpaat) acting at upstream of phosphatidylethanolamines (PEs) biosynthesis and which is required for such fungal ferroptosis and pathogenicity. Two PE species, DOPE and SLPE, that depend on Lpaat function for production were sufficient for induction of lipid peroxidation and the consequent ferroptosis, thus positively regulating fungal pathogenicity. On the other hand, both DOPE and SLPE positively regulated autophagy. Loss of the LPAAT gene led to a decrease in the lipidated form of the autophagy protein Atg8, which is probably responsible for the autophagy defect of the lpaat Δ mutant. GFP-Lpaat was mostly localized on the membrane of lipid droplets (LDs) that were stained by the fluorescent dye monodansylpentane (MDH), suggesting that LDs serve as a source of lipids for membrane PE biosynthesis and probably as a membrane source of autophagosome. Overall, our results reveal novel intracellular membrane-bound organelle dynamics based on Lpaat-mediated lipid metabolism, providing a temporal and spatial link of ferroptosis and autophagy.
研究领域:
真菌学
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植物病理学
·
细胞生物学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PINEAL RESEARCH
·
2022
·Vol. 74
·期 1
·e12839
·
IF 12.081
Renjian Li,Ruiqing Bi,Huanyu Cai,Juan Zhao,Peng Sun,Weilong Xu,Yaru Zhou,Wei Yang,Lu Zheng,Xiao-Lin Chen,Guanghui Wang,Dongli Wang,Junfeng Liu,Huailong Teng,Guotian Li
Melatonin is a low-cost natural small indole molecule with versatile biological functions. However, melatonin's fungicidal potential has not been fully exploited, and the mechanism remains elusive. Here, we report that melatonin broadly inhibited 13 plant pathogens. In the rice blast fungal pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae , melatonin inhibited fungal growth, formation of infection-specific structures named appressoria, and plant infection, reducing disease severity. Melatonin entered fungal cells efficiently and colocalized with the critical mitogen-activated protein kinase named Mps1, suppressing phosphorylation of Mps1. Melatonin's affinity for Mps1 via two hydrogen bonds was demonstrated using surface plasmon resonance and chemical modifications. To improve melatonin's efficiency, we obtained 20 melatonin derivatives. Tert-butyloxycarbonyl melatonin showed a 25-fold increase in fungicidal activities, demonstrating the feasibility of chemical modifications in melatonin modification. Our study demonstrated the broad-spectrum fungicidal effect of melatonin by suppressing Mps1 as one of the targets. Through further systematic modifications, developing an eco-friendly melatonin derivative of commercial values for agricultural applications appears promising.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
药理学
·
农业科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
·
2022
·Vol. 78
·期 11
·4557-4568
·
IF 4.462
Delong Wang,Min Li,Chunxia Yuan,Yali Fang,Zhijia Zhang
BACKGROUND The natural 1,8-dihydroxynaphthalene (DHN) melanin biosynthesis inhibitors (MBIs) are one of the promising approaches to the integrated management of plant diseases but have received scarce attention until now. Herein, to explore the natural DHN MBIs used in the control of northern corn leaf blight (NCLB), a library of 53 essential oil compounds was used to screen the MBIs against Exserohilum turcicum , the causal pathogen of NCLB, using tricyclazole as a reference compound. RESULTS The results of morphological change in the colony, thermogravimetric analysis, ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy confirmed that guaiacol could effectively inhibit the melanin production at 50 μg/mL under in vitro conditions. The in vitro bioassay results indicated that this inhibition effect was concentration-dependent and the minimum inhibition concentration of guaiacol was 50 μg/mL. The in vivo experimental results demonstrated that guaiacol significantly inhibited appressorium formation and penetration on corn leaf sheaths at the concentration of 500 μg/mL. The pot experiment results revealed that there were no differences between guaiacol (500 μg/mL) and tricyclazole (100 μg/mL) in control efficacy. The enzymatic assay suggested that guaiacol might exert the activity through inhibiting DHN polymerization to form melanins, which was distinct from tricyclazole. CONCLUSIONS Taken together, this study screened out guaiacol as a natural MBI from 53 essential oil compounds and verified its effectiveness in the control of NCLB at 500 μg/mL. Above all, this research opened an avenue for exploring natural DHN MBIs in the integrated management of plant diseases. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
研究领域:
植物病理学
·
农学
·
植物化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Fungi
·
2024
·Vol. 10
·期 8
·521
·
IF 4.2
Guang Wang,Xu Zhang,Guangzu Du,Wenqian Wang,Yunhao Yao,Sitong Jin,Haosheng Cai,Yuejin Peng,Bin Chen
Metarhizium rileyiis a wide spread insect fungi with a good biocontrol potentiality to various pests, particularly noctuid insects. However, it is characterized by its slow growth, its sensitivity to abiotic stress, and the slow speed of kill to pests, which hinder its use compared with other entomopathogenic fungi. In this study, the responses ofM. rileyito eight types of lipids were observed; among the lipids, oleic acid and linoleic acid significantly promoted the growth and development ofM. rileyiand enhanced its stress tolerances and virulence. An additional mechanistic study demonstrated that exogenous oleic acid and linoleic acid significantly improved the conidial germination, appressorium formation, cuticle degradation, and cuticle infection, which appear to be largely dependent on the up-regulation of gene expression in growth, development, protective, and cuticle-degrading enzymes. In conclusion, exogenous oleic acid and linoleic acid enhanced the stress tolerances and virulence ofM. rileyivia protecting conidial germination and promoting cuticle infection. These results provide new insights for the biopesticide development ofM. rileyi.
研究领域:
昆虫学
·
微生物学
·
生物技术
·
害虫管理
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）